Investigation of Dynamic Characteristics of Smart Beams

Elif Nur Selçuk; Ekrem Gülsevinçler; Hatice Akman; Gökçenur Çakmak; Mustafa Usal

Article Details

Investigation of Dynamic Characteristics of Smart Beams

Authors:

Elif Nur Selçuk | Ekrem Gülsevinçler | Hatice Akman | Gökçenur Çakmak | Mustafa Usal

Publisher:

Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics:

Dinamikler | Titreşim ve Titreşim Kontrolü | Makine Teorisi ve Dinamiği

Journal:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 2, pp.256-267

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001356815

pISSN:

1308-6529

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The service life and performance of devices used in the healthcare sector, robotic systems, and industry are closely associated with their response under dynamic loading conditions. Vibrations resulting from dynamic loads have a significant impact on stability and mechanical performance. Consequently, the analysis of vibration behavior under dynamic loading is of critical importance, particularly in biomechanical applications. Vibration analyses conducted on biological tissue simulations play a fundamental role in determining the dynamic responses of systems and improving their reliability. Polylactic acid PLA is widely utilized as a material for the production of artificial biological tissues and as a filament in 3D printing applications. In this study, experimental and numerical investigations were carried out on beams subjected to harmonic loading via motor excitation, with dynamic analyses performed at specific positions. Three nodal points were identified on the beams, and piezoelectric sensors were placed between these points for analysis. The damped and undamped vibration responses of the beam system housed in a PLA box were analyzed in terms of time response, natural frequency, and damping ratio. Two different materials were used in beam production: A366CQ black steel sheet cold-rolled steel manufactured using conventional methods as the metallic material, and PLA filament as the polymer material. Experimental and numerical results revealed that the stability of both systems was achieved at the free end region. The damping ratios in the specified region were experimentally determined as 0.227 for the steel beam and 0.755 for the PLA beam. Numerical results indicated that the damping ratios for the steel beam system were 0.93; 0.93; 0.55; 0.55; 0.76; 0.76, while those for the PLA beam system were 1; 0.98; 0.98; 0.97; 0.97; 0.94; 0.94. This study provides a reference that can contribute to engineering applications focused on optimizing material and system dynamics, controlling vibrations, and enhancing stability.

 The service life and performance of devices used in the healthcare sector, robotic systems, and industry are closely associated with their response under dynamic loading conditions. Vibrations resulting from dynamic loads have a significant impact on stability and mechanical performance. Consequently, the analysis of vibration behavior under dynamic loading is of critical importance, particularly in biomechanical applications. Vibration analyses conducted on biological tissue simulations play a fundamental role in determining the dynamic responses of systems and improving their reliability. Polylactic acid PLA is widely utilized as a material for the production of artificial biological tissues and as a filament in 3D printing applications. In this study, experimental and numerical investigations were carried out on beams subjected to harmonic loading via motor excitation, with dynamic analyses performed at specific positions. Three nodal points were identified on the beams, and piezoelectric sensors were placed between these points for analysis. The damped and undamped vibration responses of the beam system housed in a PLA box were analyzed in terms of time response, natural frequency, and damping ratio. Two different materials were used in beam production: A366CQ black steel sheet cold-rolled steel manufactured using conventional methods as the metallic material, and PLA filament as the polymer material. Experimental and numerical results revealed that the stability of both systems was achieved at the free end region. The damping ratios in the specified region were experimentally determined as 0.227 for the steel beam and 0.755 for the PLA beam. Numerical results indicated that the damping ratios for the steel beam system were 0.93; 0.93; 0.55; 0.55; 0.76; 0.76, while those for the PLA beam system were 1; 0.98; 0.98; 0.97; 0.97; 0.94; 0.94. This study provides a reference that can contribute to engineering applications focused on optimizing material and system dynamics, controlling vibrations, and enhancing stability.

 The service life and performance of devices used in the healthcare sector, robotic systems, and industry are closely associated with their response under dynamic loading conditions. Vibrations resulting from dynamic loads have a significant impact on stability and mechanical performance. Consequently, the analysis of vibration behavior under dynamic loading is of critical importance, particularly in biomechanical applications. Vibration analyses conducted on biological tissue simulations play a fundamental role in determining the dynamic responses of systems and improving their reliability. Polylactic acid PLA is widely utilized as a material for the production of artificial biological tissues and as a filament in 3D printing applications. In this study, experimental and numerical investigations were carried out on beams subjected to harmonic loading via motor excitation, with dynamic analyses performed at specific positions. Three nodal points were identified on the beams, and piezoelectric sensors were placed between these points for analysis. The damped and undamped vibration responses of the beam system housed in a PLA box were analyzed in terms of time response, natural frequency, and damping ratio. Two different materials were used in beam production: A366CQ black steel sheet cold-rolled steel manufactured using conventional methods as the metallic material, and PLA filament as the polymer material. Experimental and numerical results revealed that the stability of both systems was achieved at the free end region. The damping ratios in the specified region were experimentally determined as 0.227 for the steel beam and 0.755 for the PLA beam. Numerical results indicated that the damping ratios for the steel beam system were 0.93; 0.93; 0.55; 0.55; 0.76; 0.76, while those for the PLA beam system were 1; 0.98; 0.98; 0.97; 0.97; 0.94; 0.94. This study provides a reference that can contribute to engineering applications focused on optimizing material and system dynamics, controlling vibrations, and enhancing stability.

 Sağlık sektöründe, robotik sistemlerde ve endüstride kullanılan cihazların kullanım ömrü ve performansı dinamik yüklemelere maruz kaldıklarında verdikleri tepkilerle doğrudan ilişkilidir. Dinamik yüklemeler sonucunda ortaya çıkan titreşimler stabilitesi ve mekanik performansı üzerinde kritik etkilere sahiptir. Bu nedenle, dinamik yükleme altındaki titreşim davranışının analiz edilmesi, özellikle biyomekanik uygulamalar kapsamında önem taşımaktadır. Özellikle biyolojik doku simülasyonları üzerinde gerçekleştirilen titreşim analizleri, sistemlerin dinamik yanıtlarının belirlenmesi ve güvenilirliğinin artırılmasına yönelik temel bir adımdır. Polilaktik asit PLA, hem yapay biyolojik doku üretiminde hem de üç boyutlu yazıcı filamenti için yaygın olarak tercih edilen bir malzeme olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yapılan deneysel ve nümerik çalışmalarda, motor tahriki ile harmonik yük uygulanmış kirişler üzerinde konuma göre dinamik analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kirişler üzerinde konum olarak üç düğüm noktası belirlenmiş ve bu noktalar arasına piezo sensörler yerleştirilerek analizler yapılmıştır. PLA kutu içerisine yerleştirilen kirişli sistemin sönümlü ve sönümsüz titreşimine bağlı olarak zaman analizi, doğal frekansı, sönümleme oranı incelenmiştir. Kirişlerin üretiminde iki farklı malzeme seçilmiştir. Metal malzeme olarak geleneksel yöntem ile imal edilmiş A366CQ siyah çelik levha Soğuk haddelenmiş sac-DKP ve polimer malzeme olarak PLA filament kullanılmıştır. Deneysel ve nümerik çalışmalarımız sonucunda, her iki sistemin kararlı olma durumu serbest uç bölgesinde tespit edilmiştir. Çelik ve PLA kiriş için bahsedilen bölgedeki sönüm oranları deneysel olarak sırasıyla 0,227 ve 0,755 bulunmuştur. Sayısal sonuçlara göre ise çelik kirişli sistemin sönüm oranları 0,93; 0,93; 0,55; 0,55; 0,76; 0,76, PLA kirişli sistemin ise 1; 0,98; 0,98; 0,97; 0,97; 0,94; 0,94 olarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışma, malzeme ve sistem dinamiklerinin optimize edilmesi, titreşim kontrolü ve kararlılık artırmaya yönelik mühendislik uygulamalarına katkı sağlayabilecek bir referans niteliği taşımaktadır.

Article Details

Investigation of Dynamic Characteristics of Smart Beams

Authors:

Elif Nur Selçuk | Ekrem Gülsevinçler | Hatice Akman | Gökçenur Çakmak | Mustafa Usal

Publisher:

Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics:

Dinamikler | Titreşim ve Titreşim Kontrolü | Makine Teorisi ve Dinamiği

Journal:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 2, pp.256-267

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001356815

pISSN:

1308-6529

Smart beams

Harmonic load

Damping

Piezo sensor

PLAAkıllı kirişler

Harmonik yükleme

Sönümleme

Piezo sensör

PLA

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Elif Nur Selçuk | Ekrem Gülsevinçler | Hatice Akman | Gökçenur Çakmak | Mustafa Usal

Publisher: Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics: Dinamikler | Titreşim ve Titreşim Kontrolü | Makine Teorisi ve Dinamiği

Journal: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 2, pp.256-267

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 8/2025

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001356815

pISSN: 1308-6529

Issues

Authors:

Elif Nur Selçuk | Ekrem Gülsevinçler | Hatice Akman | Gökçenur Çakmak | Mustafa Usal

Publisher:

Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics:

Dinamikler | Titreşim ve Titreşim Kontrolü | Makine Teorisi ve Dinamiği

Journal:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 2, pp.256-267

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001356815

pISSN:

1308-6529