JOHN LOCKE ON PROPERTY, CIVIL GOVERNMENT AND TOLERATION

Nalan Yeşim Erdoğan

Article Details

JOHN LOCKE ON PROPERTY, CIVIL GOVERNMENT AND TOLERATION

Authors:

Nalan Yeşim Erdoğan

Publisher:

Anadolu University

Main Topics:

Political Science

Journal:

Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 1, pp.294-313

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001286446

pISSN:

2687-184X

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Prominent political philosopher Locke, who limits the function of the political power to protect the natural rights of free and equal individuals, bases the legitimacy of the political society on the consent of the individual members. The source of the power is neither the kings divine rights nor any other supreme authority. Political power has been emerged as a consequence of transferring individuals power to protect themselves in the state of the nature that was backed by natural laws, in which every person was endowed with the rights to life, freedom and property. The logic behind the transition to the political society is the quest for an impartial arbitrator that will ensure to resolve some of the disputes and redress the injustices peacefully in the state of nature. Political government in civil society which is established unanimously is to be subject to the law of nature and obliged to protect natural rights that individuals had in the state of nature. Political government cannot enact laws that do not comply with natural law, nor cannot exercise arbitrary and coercive power over the lives, liberties and properties of its subjects. Otherwise, in the last resort, society has the right to violently resist to the political power and withdraw its authority to rule.

 Prominent political philosopher Locke, who limits the function of the political power to protect the natural rights of free and equal individuals, bases the legitimacy of the political society on the consent of the individual members. The source of the power is neither the kings divine rights nor any other supreme authority. Political power has been emerged as a consequence of transferring individuals power to protect themselves in the state of the nature that was backed by natural laws, in which every person was endowed with the rights to life, freedom and property. The logic behind the transition to the political society is the quest for an impartial arbitrator that will ensure to resolve some of the disputes and redress the injustices peacefully in the state of nature. Political government in civil society which is established unanimously is to be subject to the law of nature and obliged to protect natural rights that individuals had in the state of nature. Political government cannot enact laws that do not comply with natural law, nor cannot exercise arbitrary and coercive power over the lives, liberties and properties of its subjects. Otherwise, in the last resort, society has the right to violently resist to the political power and withdraw its authority to rule.

 Prominent political philosopher Locke, who limits the function of the political power to protect the natural rights of free and equal individuals, bases the legitimacy of the political society on the consent of the individual members. The source of the power is neither the kings divine rights nor any other supreme authority. Political power has been emerged as a consequence of transferring individuals power to protect themselves in the state of the nature that was backed by natural laws, in which every person was endowed with the rights to life, freedom and property. The logic behind the transition to the political society is the quest for an impartial arbitrator that will ensure to resolve some of the disputes and redress the injustices peacefully in the state of nature. Political government in civil society which is established unanimously is to be subject to the law of nature and obliged to protect natural rights that individuals had in the state of nature. Political government cannot enact laws that do not comply with natural law, nor cannot exercise arbitrary and coercive power over the lives, liberties and properties of its subjects. Otherwise, in the last resort, society has the right to violently resist to the political power and withdraw its authority to rule.

 Siyasî iktidarın işlevini özgür ve eşit bireylerin doğal haklarının korunması ile sınırlayan ünlü siyaset filozofu Locke siyasî toplumun meşruiyetini bireylerin rızasına dayandırır. İktidarın kaynağı ne hükümdarın ilahî hakları ne de herhangi bir üstün otoritedir. Siyasî iktidar bireylerin tabiat halinde sahip oldukları haklarını koruma yetkisini devretmeleri sonucunda doğmuştur. Tabiat hali herkesin hayat, hürriyet ve mülkiyet hakkına sahip olduğu doğal yasalarla desteklenen bir durumdur. Siyasî topluma doğa durumundaki bazı anlaşmazlıkların barışçıl biçimde çözülmesini ve haksızlıkların telâfi edilmesini sağlayacak tarafsız bir hakem arayışı nedeniyle geçilmiştir. Oybirliği ile kurulan sivil toplumun siyasî yönetimi bireylerin tabiat halinde sahip oldukları haklarını gözetmekle ve doğanın yasasına tâbi olmakla yükümlüdür. Siyasî iktidar doğal hukuka uymayan yasalar çıkaramaz, uyruklarının hayatları, özgürlükleri ve mülkiyetleri üzerinde keyfî ve baskıcı bir otorite kuramaz. Aksi halde toplumun, son çare olarak, siyasî iktidara şiddet yoluyla direnme ve yönetme yetkisini ondan geri alma hakkı doğar.

Article Details

JOHN LOCKE ON PROPERTY, CIVIL GOVERNMENT AND TOLERATION

Authors:

Nalan Yeşim Erdoğan

Publisher:

Anadolu University

Main Topics:

Political Science

Journal:

Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 1, pp.294-313

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001286446

pISSN:

2687-184X

State of Nature

Natural Rights

Social Contract

Civil Government

Toleration

Tabiat Hali

Doğal Haklar

Sosyal Sözleşme

Sivil Yönetim

Hoşgörü

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Nalan Yeşim Erdoğan

Publisher: Anadolu University

Main Topics: Political Science

Journal: Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 1, pp.294-313

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 3/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001286446

pISSN: 2687-184X

Issues

Authors:

Nalan Yeşim Erdoğan

Publisher:

Anadolu University

Main Topics:

Political Science

Journal:

Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 1, pp.294-313

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001286446

pISSN:

2687-184X