A Local Architectural Example of Cappadocia Region: Byzantine Period Rock Carved Apiaries

Derya Güneri

Article Details

A Local Architectural Example of Cappadocia Region: Byzantine Period Rock Carved Apiaries

Authors:

Derya Güneri

Publisher:

Istanbul University

Main Topics:

Sanat Tarihi

Journal:

Art-Sanat Issue 20, pp.153-179

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

7/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296772

pISSN:

2148-3582

Keywords:

Abstract:

 In order to ensure their historical and geographical continuity, bees, need to use their hives in the best way. Therefore, different methods have been developed. Among these methods, sometimes natural and sometimes man-made hives have been used. Hive use can change depending on the region. The common purpose to do this is to protect hives and bees from climate conditions and negative environmental factors, use bees and bee products most efficiently and utilize the present material. Indeed, beekeeping and collecting applications have subsisted in various styles and methods since ancient times, and have been shaped following their purposes in the Byzantine Period and survived until today. Rockcarved apiaries, which were designed together with the structures of the valley they were located in Cappadocia during the Byzantine Period, are among the local architectural examples presented that the society provides and the important agricultural structures of rural context. Rock-carved apiaries, which are the subject of our research and that we can date to the Byzantine Period, are located in the Keşlik, Soğanlı, Uçhisar, Göreme, Kızılçukur and Güllüdere 2 valleys in the Cappadocia Region in their original form. In the study, the Byzantine Period the rockcarved apiaries determined during the field studies conducted in the Cappadocia Region and recorded were introduced, the typology was created, architectural drawings were made, and they were documented through photographs. It was aimed to handle the rockcarved apiaries as local architecture and to introduce them to the science world.

 In order to ensure their historical and geographical continuity, bees, need to use their hives in the best way. Therefore, different methods have been developed. Among these methods, sometimes natural and sometimes man-made hives have been used. Hive use can change depending on the region. The common purpose to do this is to protect hives and bees from climate conditions and negative environmental factors, use bees and bee products most efficiently and utilize the present material. Indeed, beekeeping and collecting applications have subsisted in various styles and methods since ancient times, and have been shaped following their purposes in the Byzantine Period and survived until today. Rockcarved apiaries, which were designed together with the structures of the valley they were located in Cappadocia during the Byzantine Period, are among the local architectural examples presented that the society provides and the important agricultural structures of rural context. Rock-carved apiaries, which are the subject of our research and that we can date to the Byzantine Period, are located in the Keşlik, Soğanlı, Uçhisar, Göreme, Kızılçukur and Güllüdere 2 valleys in the Cappadocia Region in their original form. In the study, the Byzantine Period the rockcarved apiaries determined during the field studies conducted in the Cappadocia Region and recorded were introduced, the typology was created, architectural drawings were made, and they were documented through photographs. It was aimed to handle the rockcarved apiaries as local architecture and to introduce them to the science world.

 In order to ensure their historical and geographical continuity, bees, need to use their hives in the best way. Therefore, different methods have been developed. Among these methods, sometimes natural and sometimes man-made hives have been used. Hive use can change depending on the region. The common purpose to do this is to protect hives and bees from climate conditions and negative environmental factors, use bees and bee products most efficiently and utilize the present material. Indeed, beekeeping and collecting applications have subsisted in various styles and methods since ancient times, and have been shaped following their purposes in the Byzantine Period and survived until today. Rockcarved apiaries, which were designed together with the structures of the valley they were located in Cappadocia during the Byzantine Period, are among the local architectural examples presented that the society provides and the important agricultural structures of rural context. Rock-carved apiaries, which are the subject of our research and that we can date to the Byzantine Period, are located in the Keşlik, Soğanlı, Uçhisar, Göreme, Kızılçukur and Güllüdere 2 valleys in the Cappadocia Region in their original form. In the study, the Byzantine Period the rockcarved apiaries determined during the field studies conducted in the Cappadocia Region and recorded were introduced, the typology was created, architectural drawings were made, and they were documented through photographs. It was aimed to handle the rockcarved apiaries as local architecture and to introduce them to the science world.

 Arıların tarihî ve coğrafi devamlılığını sağlamak için kovanlarını en üst seviyede kullanmaları gerekmektedir. Bunun için de farklı yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. Bu yöntemler arasında bazen doğal bazen de insan yapımı kovanlar kullanılmıştır. Kovan kullanımı bölgesel olarak değişebilmektedir. Bunu yapmaktaki ortak amaç kovanları ve arıları iklim koşullarından ve olumsuz çevre faktörlerinden korumak, en etkili şekilde arı ve arı ürünlerinden faydalanmak ve mevcut malzemeyi değerlendirmektir. Esasen arıcılık ve bal toplama uygulamaları, Antik Çağdan beri çeşitli biçim ve yöntemlerle varlığını sürdürmüş, Bizans Döneminde de amaçlarına uygun olarak şekillenmiş ve günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Arılık olarak bilinen ve Bizans Döneminde Kapadokyada, bulundukları vadinin yapılarıyla beraber tasarlanmış olan kayaya oyma arılıklar, toplumun sunmuş olduğu yerel mimari örnekler arasında olup kırsal bağlamın önemli zirai yapıları içerisinde yer almaktadır. Araştırma konusunu oluşturan ve Bizans Dönemine tarihlendirilen kayaya oyma arılıklar özgün biçimleriyle Kapadokya Bölgesinde Keşlik, Soğanlı, Uçhisar, Göreme, Kızılçukur ve Güllüdere 2 vadilerinde bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada Kapadokya Bölgesi sınırları içerisinde gerçekleştirilen saha araştırmalarında tespit edilen ve belgelenen Bizans Dönemi kayaya oyma arılıkları tanıtılmış; tipolojisi çıkarılmış, mimari çizimleri yapılarak fotoğraflarla belgelemeye gidilmiştir. Kayaya oyma arılıkların bir yerel mimari ürünü olarak ele alınıp bilim dünyasına tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır.

Article Details

A Local Architectural Example of Cappadocia Region: Byzantine Period Rock Carved Apiaries

Authors:

Derya Güneri

Publisher:

Istanbul University

Main Topics:

Sanat Tarihi

Journal:

Art-Sanat Issue 20, pp.153-179

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

7/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296772

pISSN:

2148-3582

Byzantine Period

Cappadocia

Local Architecture

Agricultural Structure

Rock-Carved ApiaryBizans Dönemi

Kapadokya

Yerel Mimari

Zirai Yapı

Kayaya Oyma Arılık

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Derya Güneri

Publisher: Istanbul University

Main Topics: Sanat Tarihi

Journal: Art-Sanat Issue 20, pp.153-179

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 7/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001296772

pISSN: 2148-3582

Issues

Authors:

Derya Güneri

Publisher:

Istanbul University

Main Topics:

Sanat Tarihi

Journal:

Art-Sanat Issue 20, pp.153-179

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

7/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296772

pISSN:

2148-3582