Biocomposite Adsorbent of Grafted Chitosan-benzaldehyde/<i>Lactobacillus Casei</i> Bacteria for Removal of Acid Red 88 Dye: Box-Benken Design Optimization and Mechanism Approach

Hasan M. Aghaa; Salis A. Musa; Ahmad Hapiz; Ruihong Wu; Khansaa Al-Essa; Ali Mohammed Saleh; Abdallah Reghioua

Article Details

Biocomposite Adsorbent of Grafted Chitosan-benzaldehyde/<i>Lactobacillus Casei</i> Bacteria for Removal of Acid Red 88 Dye: Box-Benken Design Optimization and Mechanism Approach

Authors:

Hasan M. Aghaa | Salis A. Musa | Ahmad Hapiz | Ruihong Wu | Khansaa Al-Essa | Ali Mohammed Saleh | Abdallah Reghioua

Publisher:

Al-Ayen Iraqi University

Journal:

AUIQ Complementary Biological System Vol.2 Issue 1, pp.1-14

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

5/2025

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001932498

pISSN:

3007-973X

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Herein, biohybrid biosorbent material was produced from grafting chitosan benzaldehyde/Lactobacillus casei (CHS-BZ/LAC) for the removal of anionic dye acid red 88 (AR88). CHS-BZ/LAC was fabricated using a hydrothermal process under the condition of 100 °C in an oven for 6 h. The optimization of AR88 dye adsorption by CHS-BZ/LAC was conducted by employing Box Bahnken design (BBD). The code and value of parameters used in this study were CHS-BZ/LAC dosage (A: 0.02-0.1 g/L), dye solution pH (B: 4-10), and contact time (C: 10-40 min). The BBD design shows that the highest removal of AR88 (94.5%) was achieved with the setting of CHS-BZ/LAC dose = 0.1 g/L, pH = 4, and contact time = 25 min. The suitability and the accuracy of the BBD design were confirmed by ANOVA analysis with the F-value = 112.84, and p-value < 0.0001. Dual interaction from parameters shows significant interactions of AB (CHS-BZ/LAC dosage vs pH), AC (CHS-BZ/LAC dosage vs contact time), and BC (pH vs contact time) with p-values less than 0.05. Multiple mechanisms of interactions took place in the biosorption process of AR88 by CHS-BZ/LAC such as n-π interactions, π-π attraction, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding. This study demonstrates the success of developing a new type of biosorbent (CHS-BZ/LAC) and effectively used for anionic azo dye removal from synthetic wastewater.

Article Details

Biocomposite Adsorbent of Grafted Chitosan-benzaldehyde/<i>Lactobacillus Casei</i> Bacteria for Removal of Acid Red 88 Dye: Box-Benken Design Optimization and Mechanism Approach

Authors:

Hasan M. Aghaa | Salis A. Musa | Ahmad Hapiz | Ruihong Wu | Khansaa Al-Essa | Ali Mohammed Saleh | Abdallah Reghioua

Publisher:

Al-Ayen Iraqi University

Journal:

AUIQ Complementary Biological System Vol.2 Issue 1, pp.1-14

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

5/2025

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001932498

pISSN:

3007-973X

Acid red 88 dye

Benzaldehyde

Chitosan biopolymer

Lactobacillus casei

Lyophilization

Statistical optimization

Issues

Article Details

Biocomposite Adsorbent of Grafted Chitosan-benzaldehyde/<i>Lactobacillus Casei</i> Bacteria for Removal of Acid Red 88 Dye: Box-Benken Design Optimization and Mechanism Approach

Authors: Hasan M. Aghaa | Salis A. Musa | Ahmad Hapiz | Ruihong Wu | Khansaa Al-Essa | Ali Mohammed Saleh | Abdallah Reghioua

Publisher: Al-Ayen Iraqi University

Journal: AUIQ Complementary Biological System Vol.2 Issue 1, pp.1-14

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 5/2025

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001932498

pISSN: 3007-973X

Acid red 88 dye

Benzaldehyde

Chitosan biopolymer

Lactobacillus casei

Lyophilization

Statistical optimization

Issues

Authors:

Hasan M. Aghaa | Salis A. Musa | Ahmad Hapiz | Ruihong Wu | Khansaa Al-Essa | Ali Mohammed Saleh | Abdallah Reghioua

Publisher:

Al-Ayen Iraqi University

Journal:

AUIQ Complementary Biological System Vol.2 Issue 1, pp.1-14

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

5/2025

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001932498

pISSN:

3007-973X