MEASURING AIR QUALITY IMPACTS OF GREEN AREAS AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (ESS) USING WEB-BASED I-TREE CANOPY TOOL: A CASE STUDY IN ISTANBUL

Tuğba Üstün Topal; Öner Demirel

Article Details

MEASURING AIR QUALITY IMPACTS OF GREEN AREAS AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (ESS) USING WEB-BASED I-TREE CANOPY TOOL: A CASE STUDY IN ISTANBUL

Authors:

Tuğba Üstün Topal | Öner Demirel

Publisher:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Main Topics:

Peyzaj Mimarlığında Bilgisayar Teknolojileri | Peyzaj Planlama | Yeşil Yapılar ve Çevreler

Journal:

Turkish Journal of Forest Science Vol.7 Issue 2, pp.253-266

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2023

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303290

pISSN:

2618-6616

Keywords:

Abstract:

 In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the regulating ecosystem services for improving the air quality provided in the Kuzguncuk Neighborhood, which is located within the borders of Üsküdar district of Istanbul province. In this context, 5500 random points were identified within the boundaries of the research area by using the i-Tree canopy tool, which is a web-based tool. The land cover represented by each point is grouped into five classes: i TreeShrub tree and tall shrub vegetations, ii Grassherbaceous areas covered with herbaceous vegetation, iii SoilBare Ground soil surface with little or no vegetation, iv Impervious Surfaces building, structures, asphalt, impervious roads, etc. and v Water areas with streams or stagnant water. According to these classifications, the annual amount of carbon sequestered by the tree-shrub canopy in the Kuzguncuk neighborhood, the amount of CO₂, the amount of carbon they stored over their lifetimes, the amount of CO₂, and their economic contribution have been calculated. Additionally, the amount of significant air pollutants removed by this canopy, such as carbon monoxide CO, nitrogen dioxide NO2, ozone O3, sulfur dioxide SO2, and particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, and the economic benefits of removing these pollutants have been determined. The results showed that trees sequestered 855.93 tons of CO2 annually and stored 21,495.71 tons of CO2 in the neighborhood, 46.05 of which is covered with canopy. However, it was calculated that 69.94 kg of CO, 381.39 kg of NO2, 3,798.45 kg of O3, 240.34 kg of SO2, 184.57 kg of PM2.5 and 1,272.34 kg of PM10 particulate matter were removed from the atmosphere in a year by the vegetation cover. It has been calculated that the economic contribution provided by this removal is  2,251 per year. This study reveals the ecological and economic importance of green spaces for ecosystem services studies in urban areas by considering a neighborhood scale in determining the ecosystem services provided by the canopy cover. It is thought that the numerical values obtained in this sample region will contribute to urban planning strategies in terms of green infrastructures for future studies.

 In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the regulating ecosystem services for improving the air quality provided in the Kuzguncuk Neighborhood, which is located within the borders of Üsküdar district of Istanbul province. In this context, 5500 random points were identified within the boundaries of the research area by using the i-Tree canopy tool, which is a web-based tool. The land cover represented by each point is grouped into five classes: i TreeShrub tree and tall shrub vegetations, ii Grassherbaceous areas covered with herbaceous vegetation, iii SoilBare Ground soil surface with little or no vegetation, iv Impervious Surfaces building, structures, asphalt, impervious roads, etc. and v Water areas with streams or stagnant water. According to these classifications, the annual amount of carbon sequestered by the tree-shrub canopy in the Kuzguncuk neighborhood, the amount of CO₂, the amount of carbon they stored over their lifetimes, the amount of CO₂, and their economic contribution have been calculated. Additionally, the amount of significant air pollutants removed by this canopy, such as carbon monoxide CO, nitrogen dioxide NO2, ozone O3, sulfur dioxide SO2, and particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, and the economic benefits of removing these pollutants have been determined. The results showed that trees sequestered 855.93 tons of CO2 annually and stored 21,495.71 tons of CO2 in the neighborhood, 46.05 of which is covered with canopy. However, it was calculated that 69.94 kg of CO, 381.39 kg of NO2, 3,798.45 kg of O3, 240.34 kg of SO2, 184.57 kg of PM2.5 and 1,272.34 kg of PM10 particulate matter were removed from the atmosphere in a year by the vegetation cover. It has been calculated that the economic contribution provided by this removal is  2,251 per year. This study reveals the ecological and economic importance of green spaces for ecosystem services studies in urban areas by considering a neighborhood scale in determining the ecosystem services provided by the canopy cover. It is thought that the numerical values obtained in this sample region will contribute to urban planning strategies in terms of green infrastructures for future studies.

 In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the regulating ecosystem services for improving the air quality provided in the Kuzguncuk Neighborhood, which is located within the borders of Üsküdar district of Istanbul province. In this context, 5500 random points were identified within the boundaries of the research area by using the i-Tree canopy tool, which is a web-based tool. The land cover represented by each point is grouped into five classes: i TreeShrub tree and tall shrub vegetations, ii Grassherbaceous areas covered with herbaceous vegetation, iii SoilBare Ground soil surface with little or no vegetation, iv Impervious Surfaces building, structures, asphalt, impervious roads, etc. and v Water areas with streams or stagnant water. According to these classifications, the annual amount of carbon sequestered by the tree-shrub canopy in the Kuzguncuk neighborhood, the amount of CO₂, the amount of carbon they stored over their lifetimes, the amount of CO₂, and their economic contribution have been calculated. Additionally, the amount of significant air pollutants removed by this canopy, such as carbon monoxide CO, nitrogen dioxide NO2, ozone O3, sulfur dioxide SO2, and particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, and the economic benefits of removing these pollutants have been determined. The results showed that trees sequestered 855.93 tons of CO2 annually and stored 21,495.71 tons of CO2 in the neighborhood, 46.05 of which is covered with canopy. However, it was calculated that 69.94 kg of CO, 381.39 kg of NO2, 3,798.45 kg of O3, 240.34 kg of SO2, 184.57 kg of PM2.5 and 1,272.34 kg of PM10 particulate matter were removed from the atmosphere in a year by the vegetation cover. It has been calculated that the economic contribution provided by this removal is  2,251 per year. This study reveals the ecological and economic importance of green spaces for ecosystem services studies in urban areas by considering a neighborhood scale in determining the ecosystem services provided by the canopy cover. It is thought that the numerical values obtained in this sample region will contribute to urban planning strategies in terms of green infrastructures for future studies.

 Bu çalışmada, İstanbul ili Üsküdar ilçesi sınırları içinde yer alan Kuzguncuk Mahallesinde sağlanan hava kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda web-tabanlı bir araç olan i-Tree canopy aracı kullanılarak araştırma alanı sınırları içerisinde 5500 adet rastgele nokta tanımlanmış ve her bir noktanın temsil ettiği arazi örtüsü i AğaçÇalı ağaç ve boylu çalı vejetasyonları, ii Çimotsu bitkiler otsu bitki örtüsüyle kaplı alanlar, iii ToprakÇıplak Zemin bitki örtüsünün az olduğu veya olmadığı toprak yüzeyleri, iv Geçirimsiz Yüzeyler bina, yapılar, asfalt, geçirimsiz yollar vb. ve v Su akarsu veya durgun su bulunan alanlar olmak üzere beş sınıf olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Bu sınıflara göre, Kuzguncuk mahallesindeki ağaç-çalı örtüsünce tutulan yıllık karbon miktarı, CO₂ miktarı ve yaşamları süresince depoladığı karbon miktarı, CO₂ miktarı ve bunların sağladığı ekonomik katkı hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca bu örtünün karbon monoksit CO, nitrojen dioksit NO2, ozon O3, kükürt dioksit SO2 gazlarını ve ince partikül PM2,5 ve PM10 parçacıkları içeren önemli hava kirleticilerini uzaklaştırma miktarları ile bu kirleticilerin uzaklaştırılmasının sağladığı ekonomik katkı belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar 46,05i taç örtüsüyle kaplı olan mahallede ağaçların yıllık 855.93 ton CO2 tuttuğunu ve 21,495.71 ton CO2 depoladığını göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, bitki taç örtüsünce bir yılda atmosferden 69.94 kg CO, 381.39 kg NO2, 3,798.45 kg O3, 240.34 kg SO2, 184.57 kg PM2.5 ve 1,272.34 kg PM10 parçacık madde uzaklaştırıldığı hesaplanmıştır. Bu uzaklaştırmanın sağladığı ekonomik katkının ise yıllık 2,251 olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Bu çalışma, taç örtüsü sayesinde sağlanan ekosistem hizmetlerini belirlemede bir mahalle ölçeğini ele alarak, yeşil alanların kentsel alanlardaki ekosistem hizmetleri çalışmaları için ekolojik ve ekonomik önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu örnek bölgede elde edilen sayısal değerlerin gelecek çalışmaları için yeşil altyapılar açısından kentsel planlama stratejilerine yönelik katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Article Details

MEASURING AIR QUALITY IMPACTS OF GREEN AREAS AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (ESS) USING WEB-BASED I-TREE CANOPY TOOL: A CASE STUDY IN ISTANBUL

Authors:

Tuğba Üstün Topal | Öner Demirel

Publisher:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Main Topics:

Peyzaj Mimarlığında Bilgisayar Teknolojileri | Peyzaj Planlama | Yeşil Yapılar ve Çevreler

Journal:

Turkish Journal of Forest Science Vol.7 Issue 2, pp.253-266

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2023

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303290

pISSN:

2618-6616

Ecosystem services

air quality

i-Tree canopy tool

Kuzguncuk

İstanbul.Ekosistem hizmetleri

hava kalitesi

i-Tree canopy aracı

Kuzguncuk

İstanbul.

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Tuğba Üstün Topal | Öner Demirel

Publisher: Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Main Topics: Peyzaj Mimarlığında Bilgisayar Teknolojileri | Peyzaj Planlama | Yeşil Yapılar ve Çevreler

Journal: Turkish Journal of Forest Science Vol.7 Issue 2, pp.253-266

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 10/2023

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001303290

pISSN: 2618-6616

Issues

Authors:

Tuğba Üstün Topal | Öner Demirel

Publisher:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Main Topics:

Peyzaj Mimarlığında Bilgisayar Teknolojileri | Peyzaj Planlama | Yeşil Yapılar ve Çevreler

Journal:

Turkish Journal of Forest Science Vol.7 Issue 2, pp.253-266

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2023

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303290

pISSN:

2618-6616