A Review of the Qirāʾat Manuscripts in the Bursa Inebey Manuscript Library

Mustafa Can

Article Details

A Review of the Qirāʾat Manuscripts in the Bursa Inebey Manuscript Library

Authors:

Mustafa Can

Publisher:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Main Topics:

Kuran-ı Kerim Okuma ve Kıraat

Journal:

Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 28, pp.113-138

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

4/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001340727

pISSN:

2980-0331

Keywords:

Abstract:

 It is possible to find works on the science of recitation al-ʿilm al-qirāʾat in libraries in almost every region of Islamic countries. Due to the scientific tradition inherited from great civilizations such as the Seljuks and Ottomans, the manuscript libraries in our country also host these works. Especially Istanbul libraries stand out among local and foreign researchers with their rich content. However, this situation has sometimes caused Anatolian libraries to be ignored. This is supported by the fact that important manuscript copies, especially those discovered in studies conducted in recent years, are found in manuscript libraries in Anatolia. Because the manuscript libraries in cities with the status of capital such as Bursa and Konya, as well as in districts such as Tire and Tavşanlı, contain many rare and unique copies. Among these cities, Bursa stands out as the city where a figure like Ibn al-Jazari, who played an important role in the Ottoman recitation tradition, wrote his groundbreaking works not only in Ottoman lands but also in all Islamic lands. This study aims to examine the characteristics and contents of 95 copies of the manuscripts of qirāʾat and other sub-disciplines in the Bursa İnebey Manuscript Library and to introduce them to the scientific community in an academic style. For this purpose, in order to identify the recitation qirāʾat manuscripts in the library, the library catalogue was scanned in detail, and the copies with the oldest transcription dates were determined by examining the works, including duplicate copies. All works to be introduced were compared with the catalogue information and if there were any errors, necessary corrections were made. In the study, it was not enough to use the library catalog information, sections such as the preface, introduction, ammā bʿad and qayd al-farāgh were read, and an attempt was made to identify the name of the work and the author in the text. If there are works where the name of the work and author is not mentioned, the affiliation of the work was confirmed by comparing it with the printed copies or other Manuscript copies in Turkish libraries. The subject and content information of the examined works and whether any studies have been conducted on the work were investigated, and if there were any studies, they were shown in footnotes. In addition, the printed copies of the unique or authored copies in the library were examined to determine whether the Inebey copy had been seen or not. In this respect, the works have been analyzed in depth in terms of content and methodology, taking into account their authors, periods of composition, and the process of their transmission. When all these are evaluated together, it will be seen that the research, beyond being a bibliographical review, also has the feature of giving an idea about the periodical developments and changes in the Ottoman qirāʾat literature, and which pioneering compositions the works were shaped around. In this context, it is aimed that the data obtained as a result of the research will guide researchers who want to carry out tahkik, edition criticism or more comprehensive studies in the field of qirāʾat and prepare the ground for new studies in the field of qirāʾat. The study covers the works written on the science of qirāʾat and sub-disciplines such as waqf-ibtidā and resm al-mushaf in İnebey library.

 It is possible to find works on the science of recitation al-ʿilm al-qirāʾat in libraries in almost every region of Islamic countries. Due to the scientific tradition inherited from great civilizations such as the Seljuks and Ottomans, the manuscript libraries in our country also host these works. Especially Istanbul libraries stand out among local and foreign researchers with their rich content. However, this situation has sometimes caused Anatolian libraries to be ignored. This is supported by the fact that important manuscript copies, especially those discovered in studies conducted in recent years, are found in manuscript libraries in Anatolia. Because the manuscript libraries in cities with the status of capital such as Bursa and Konya, as well as in districts such as Tire and Tavşanlı, contain many rare and unique copies. Among these cities, Bursa stands out as the city where a figure like Ibn al-Jazari, who played an important role in the Ottoman recitation tradition, wrote his groundbreaking works not only in Ottoman lands but also in all Islamic lands. This study aims to examine the characteristics and contents of 95 copies of the manuscripts of qirāʾat and other sub-disciplines in the Bursa İnebey Manuscript Library and to introduce them to the scientific community in an academic style. For this purpose, in order to identify the recitation qirāʾat manuscripts in the library, the library catalogue was scanned in detail, and the copies with the oldest transcription dates were determined by examining the works, including duplicate copies. All works to be introduced were compared with the catalogue information and if there were any errors, necessary corrections were made. In the study, it was not enough to use the library catalog information, sections such as the preface, introduction, ammā bʿad and qayd al-farāgh were read, and an attempt was made to identify the name of the work and the author in the text. If there are works where the name of the work and author is not mentioned, the affiliation of the work was confirmed by comparing it with the printed copies or other Manuscript copies in Turkish libraries. The subject and content information of the examined works and whether any studies have been conducted on the work were investigated, and if there were any studies, they were shown in footnotes. In addition, the printed copies of the unique or authored copies in the library were examined to determine whether the Inebey copy had been seen or not. In this respect, the works have been analyzed in depth in terms of content and methodology, taking into account their authors, periods of composition, and the process of their transmission. When all these are evaluated together, it will be seen that the research, beyond being a bibliographical review, also has the feature of giving an idea about the periodical developments and changes in the Ottoman qirāʾat literature, and which pioneering compositions the works were shaped around. In this context, it is aimed that the data obtained as a result of the research will guide researchers who want to carry out tahkik, edition criticism or more comprehensive studies in the field of qirāʾat and prepare the ground for new studies in the field of qirāʾat. The study covers the works written on the science of qirāʾat and sub-disciplines such as waqf-ibtidā and resm al-mushaf in İnebey library.

 It is possible to find works on the science of recitation al-ʿilm al-qirāʾat in libraries in almost every region of Islamic countries. Due to the scientific tradition inherited from great civilizations such as the Seljuks and Ottomans, the manuscript libraries in our country also host these works. Especially Istanbul libraries stand out among local and foreign researchers with their rich content. However, this situation has sometimes caused Anatolian libraries to be ignored. This is supported by the fact that important manuscript copies, especially those discovered in studies conducted in recent years, are found in manuscript libraries in Anatolia. Because the manuscript libraries in cities with the status of capital such as Bursa and Konya, as well as in districts such as Tire and Tavşanlı, contain many rare and unique copies. Among these cities, Bursa stands out as the city where a figure like Ibn al-Jazari, who played an important role in the Ottoman recitation tradition, wrote his groundbreaking works not only in Ottoman lands but also in all Islamic lands. This study aims to examine the characteristics and contents of 95 copies of the manuscripts of qirāʾat and other sub-disciplines in the Bursa İnebey Manuscript Library and to introduce them to the scientific community in an academic style. For this purpose, in order to identify the recitation qirāʾat manuscripts in the library, the library catalogue was scanned in detail, and the copies with the oldest transcription dates were determined by examining the works, including duplicate copies. All works to be introduced were compared with the catalogue information and if there were any errors, necessary corrections were made. In the study, it was not enough to use the library catalog information, sections such as the preface, introduction, ammā bʿad and qayd al-farāgh were read, and an attempt was made to identify the name of the work and the author in the text. If there are works where the name of the work and author is not mentioned, the affiliation of the work was confirmed by comparing it with the printed copies or other Manuscript copies in Turkish libraries. The subject and content information of the examined works and whether any studies have been conducted on the work were investigated, and if there were any studies, they were shown in footnotes. In addition, the printed copies of the unique or authored copies in the library were examined to determine whether the Inebey copy had been seen or not. In this respect, the works have been analyzed in depth in terms of content and methodology, taking into account their authors, periods of composition, and the process of their transmission. When all these are evaluated together, it will be seen that the research, beyond being a bibliographical review, also has the feature of giving an idea about the periodical developments and changes in the Ottoman qirāʾat literature, and which pioneering compositions the works were shaped around. In this context, it is aimed that the data obtained as a result of the research will guide researchers who want to carry out tahkik, edition criticism or more comprehensive studies in the field of qirāʾat and prepare the ground for new studies in the field of qirāʾat. The study covers the works written on the science of qirāʾat and sub-disciplines such as waqf-ibtidā and resm al-mushaf in İnebey library.

 İslam coğrafyasının hemen her bölgesinde bulunan kütüphanelerde kıraat ilmine dair eserlere rastlamak mümkündür. Selçuklu ve Osmanlı gibi büyük medeniyetlerden tevarüs eden ilim geleneği sayesinde ülkemizdeki yazma eser kütüphaneleri de bu mirasa ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Özellikle İstanbul kütüphaneleri sayıca zengin içeriğiyle yerli ve yabancı araştırmacılar nezdinde öne çıkmaktadır. Ne var ki bu durum zaman zaman Anadolu kütüphanelerinin göz ardı edilmesine neden olmuştur. Özellikle son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda tespit edilen önemli yazma eser nüshalarının Anadoludaki yazma eser kütüphanelerinde bulunması bu durumu desteklemektedir. Zira Bursa ve Konya gibi başkentlik payesine sahip şehirlerin yanı sıra Tire, Tavşanlı gibi ilçelerde bulunan yazma eser kütüphaneleri pek çok nadir ve ünik nüshayı bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Söz konusu şehirler içinde Bursa, Osmanlı kıraat geleneğinde önemli rol oynayan İbnül-Cezerî gibi bir değerin sadece Osmanlı topraklarında değil bütün İslam coğrafyasında yeni bir çığır açan eserlerini kaleme aldığı şehir olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bursa ve civarında bulunan medrese ve dârulkurrâ gibi müesselerde asırlar boyunca kıraat ilmi öğretimi hep devam etmiştir. Bu çalışma, bahsi geçen kurumlardaki kitapların bir araya getirildiği Bursa İnebey Yazma Eser Kütüphanesindeki 95 kıraat ve alt disiplinlerine ait yazma eseri, nüshalarının özellikleri ve muhtevaları yönüyle inceleyip, kıraat ilmi araştırmacılarına tanıtmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla kütüphanedeki kıraat yazmalarının tespiti için kütüphane kataloğu detaylı bir şekilde taranmış, eserlerin mükerrer nüshaları da dâhil olmak üzere incelenerek istinsah tarihi en eski olan nüshalar belirlenmiştir. Tanıtımı yapılacak tüm eserler katalog bilgileriyle karşılaştırılmış, hata varsa gerekli düzeltmeler yapılmıştır. Nüshaların tespit çalışmasının ardından kıraat ilmiyle ilgili yazma eserler iki bölüm halinde incelenmiştir. Eserler önce konularına göre tasnif edilerek dil, edebi tür, metin, şerh, muhtasar vb. olmaları yönüyle tablo halinde gösterilmiştir. Her bir konunun akabinde değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Ardından eserler, müelliflerinin vefat tarihlerine göre sıralanıp içerik ve nüsha özellikleri itibariyle tanıtılmıştır. Çalışmada kütüphane katalog bilgileriyle yetinilmemiş, dîbace, mukaddime ve ferağ kaydı gibi bölümler okunarak, bilhassa metin içinde eser ve müellif adı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Metninde eser ve müellif adı geçmeyen eserler, varsa matbu nüshalarıyla ya da Türkiye kütüphanelerindeki diğer yazma nüshalarıyla karşılaştırılarak eserin aidiyeti teyit edilmiştir. İncelenen eserlerin konu ve içerik bilgisi hakkında çalışma yapılıp yapılmadığı araştırılmış, çalışma varsa dipnotta gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca kütüphanede bulunan ünik ya da müellif hattı nüshaların tahkik edilmiş olanlarının matbuları incelenerek İnebey nüshasının görülüp görülmediği tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu minvalde eserler, müellifleri, telif dönemleri ve istinsah süreçleri dikkate alınarak; muhteva ve metodoloji bakımından derinlemesine ele alınmıştır. Tüm bunlar birlikte değerlendirildiğinde araştırmanın, bibliyografik bir inceleme olmanın ötesinde, Osmanlı kıraat literatürüne ait dönemsel gelişim ve değişimleri, eserlerin hangi öncü telifler etrafında şekillendiği gibi unsurlar hakkında fikir verme özelliği taşıdığı da görülecektir. Bu bağlamda araştırma sonucunda elde edilen verilerin, kıraat ilmi alanında tahkik, edisyon kritik ya da daha geniş kapsamlı çalışmalar yapmak isteyen araştırmacılara yol göstermesi ve kıraat sahasında yeni çalışmalara zemin hazırlaması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma İnebey kütüphanesinde bulunan kıraat ilmi, vakf ve ibtidâ ve resmül-mushaf gibi disiplinler hakkında yazılan eserleri kapsamaktadır. Tecvid alanına giren eserler ise hem nicelik hem de nitelik bakımından müstakil bir çalışmayı hakedecek evsafta olması bakımından bu araştırmanın kapsamı dışında bırakılmıştır.

Article Details

A Review of the Qirāʾat Manuscripts in the Bursa Inebey Manuscript Library

Authors:

Mustafa Can

Publisher:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Main Topics:

Kuran-ı Kerim Okuma ve Kıraat

Journal:

Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 28, pp.113-138

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

4/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001340727

pISSN:

2980-0331

Qirāat and Tajwīd

Bibliography

Manuscript

Bursa İnebey Library of Manuscripts

Ibn al-JazarīKırâat ve Tecvîd

Bibliyografya

Yazma Eser

Bursa İnebey Yazma Eser Kütüphanesi

İbnü’l-Cezerî

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Mustafa Can

Publisher: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Main Topics: Kuran-ı Kerim Okuma ve Kıraat

Journal: Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 28, pp.113-138

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 4/2025

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001340727

pISSN: 2980-0331

Issues

Authors:

Mustafa Can

Publisher:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Main Topics:

Kuran-ı Kerim Okuma ve Kıraat

Journal:

Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 28, pp.113-138

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

4/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001340727

pISSN:

2980-0331