An Example of Ikhwāniyāt in Andalusian Treatises:  Correspondence Between Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatīb

Figen Akay

Article Details

An Example of Ikhwāniyāt in Andalusian Treatises: Correspondence Between Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatīb

Authors:

Figen Akay

Publisher:

Bursa Uludağ University

Main Topics:

Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Journal:

Uludağ İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.32 Issue 2, pp.311-332

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305462

pISSN:

2980-2482

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The cultural background of Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatīb, who wrote works in the fields of history, thought, science and literature, was the most important reason for their influence in politics. In the century in which they lived, scientific power and political authorities were in a state of complete interlocking. Ibn Khaldūn, who held many political positions, was known for his scientific and intellectual competence. Likewise, Ibn al-Khatīb was one of the scholars who proved himself in many fields such as history, geography, fiqh, philosophy and literature. In this article, the letters of Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatīb, who shared the same period, who came to prominence in North Africa and Andalusia in the 8th14th century with their works and political struggles, who were important figures in the history of Arabic literature, and whose views had a wide influence in their time and beyond, are analyzed as an example of the treatise of ihwāniyāt. Within this framework, the evidence pointing to this friendship is first presented. Accordingly, after providing brief information about the iḥwāniyāt treatises in the introduction, the biographies of these two names and their political positions, which were an important factor in the formation of their friendship, are discussed. Then, in the first part of the article, information about the beginning and later stages of their friendship is given; in the second part, the letters they sent to each other are identified and analyzed in terms of content. The literary power of these letters is also emphasized.

 The cultural background of Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatīb, who wrote works in the fields of history, thought, science and literature, was the most important reason for their influence in politics. In the century in which they lived, scientific power and political authorities were in a state of complete interlocking. Ibn Khaldūn, who held many political positions, was known for his scientific and intellectual competence. Likewise, Ibn al-Khatīb was one of the scholars who proved himself in many fields such as history, geography, fiqh, philosophy and literature. In this article, the letters of Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatīb, who shared the same period, who came to prominence in North Africa and Andalusia in the 8th14th century with their works and political struggles, who were important figures in the history of Arabic literature, and whose views had a wide influence in their time and beyond, are analyzed as an example of the treatise of ihwāniyāt. Within this framework, the evidence pointing to this friendship is first presented. Accordingly, after providing brief information about the iḥwāniyāt treatises in the introduction, the biographies of these two names and their political positions, which were an important factor in the formation of their friendship, are discussed. Then, in the first part of the article, information about the beginning and later stages of their friendship is given; in the second part, the letters they sent to each other are identified and analyzed in terms of content. The literary power of these letters is also emphasized.

 The cultural background of Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatīb, who wrote works in the fields of history, thought, science and literature, was the most important reason for their influence in politics. In the century in which they lived, scientific power and political authorities were in a state of complete interlocking. Ibn Khaldūn, who held many political positions, was known for his scientific and intellectual competence. Likewise, Ibn al-Khatīb was one of the scholars who proved himself in many fields such as history, geography, fiqh, philosophy and literature. In this article, the letters of Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatīb, who shared the same period, who came to prominence in North Africa and Andalusia in the 8th14th century with their works and political struggles, who were important figures in the history of Arabic literature, and whose views had a wide influence in their time and beyond, are analyzed as an example of the treatise of ihwāniyāt. Within this framework, the evidence pointing to this friendship is first presented. Accordingly, after providing brief information about the iḥwāniyāt treatises in the introduction, the biographies of these two names and their political positions, which were an important factor in the formation of their friendship, are discussed. Then, in the first part of the article, information about the beginning and later stages of their friendship is given; in the second part, the letters they sent to each other are identified and analyzed in terms of content. The literary power of these letters is also emphasized.

 Tarih, düşünce, bilim ve edebiyat alanlarında eserler kaleme alan İbn Haldûn ve İbnül-Hatîbin sahip olduğu kültürel birikim, siyasette etkili olmalarının en önemli nedeni olmuştur. İçinde yaşadıkları yüzyılda, bilimsel güç ve siyasi otoriteler birbiriyle tam bir kenetlenme hâlindeydi. Nitekim pek çok siyasi makamlarda görev icra eden İbn Haldûn, bunlardan önce bilimsel ve entelektüel yetkinliği ile tanınırdı. Aynı şekilde İbnül-Hatîb de tarih, coğrafya, fıkıh, felsefe ve edebiyat gibi pek çok alanda kendini ispatlamış âlimlerdendi. Bu makalede aynı dönemi paylaşan, 8.14. yüzyılda Kuzey Afrika ve Endülüs bölgesinde hem eserleriyle hem verdikleri siyasi mücadele ile öne çıkan, Arap Edebiyatı ve düşünce tarihinin önemli isimlerinden olan, yaşadığı çağda ve daha sonrasında görüşleriyle geniş etki uyandıran İbn Haldûn ve İbnül-Hatîbin mektupları ihvâniyât risâlesi örneği olarak incelenmiştir. Bu çerçevede öncelikle bu dostluğa işaret eden deliller ortaya koyulmuştur. Buna göre girişte ihvâniyât risâleleri hakkında kısa bilgi veril-dikten sonra bu iki ismin biyografileri ve dostluklarının oluşmasında önemli bir etken olan siyasi pozisyonları ele alınmıştır. Ardından makalenin birinci bölümünde dostluklarının başlangıç ve ileri aşamaları hakkında bilgi verilmiş; ikinci bölümünde ise birbirlerine gönderdikleri mektuplar tespit edilerek muhteva açısından incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bu mektupların edebî gücüne de vurgu yapılmıştır.

Article Details

An Example of Ikhwāniyāt in Andalusian Treatises: Correspondence Between Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatīb

Authors:

Figen Akay

Publisher:

Bursa Uludağ University

Main Topics:

Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Journal:

Uludağ İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.32 Issue 2, pp.311-332

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305462

pISSN:

2980-2482

Arabic Language and Rhetoric

Andalusian Literature

Literary Style

Letters of Brotherhood

Banī Aḥmar.Arap Dili ve Belagati

Endülüs Edebiyatı

Edebî Üslup

Kardeşlik Mektupları

Benî Ahmer.

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Figen Akay

Publisher: Bursa Uludağ University

Main Topics: Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Journal: Uludağ İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.32 Issue 2, pp.311-332

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 12/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001305462

pISSN: 2980-2482

Issues

Authors:

Figen Akay

Publisher:

Bursa Uludağ University

Main Topics:

Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Journal:

Uludağ İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.32 Issue 2, pp.311-332

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305462

pISSN:

2980-2482