Degradation of Tolonium Chloride Dye by Phosphate Ion in Aqueous Acidic Solution: Kinetic Approach

Patricia Umoru

Article Details

Degradation of Tolonium Chloride Dye by Phosphate Ion in Aqueous Acidic Solution: Kinetic Approach

Authors:

Patricia Umoru

Publisher:

Turkish Chemical Society

Main Topics:

Inorganic Materials

Journal:

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.633-642

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

5/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001309570

pISSN:

2149-0120

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The degradation of tolonium chloride TC dye by phosphate ion PO43- in an aqueous acidic solution was studied using spectrophotometric analysis at 301 K, I 1.0 M, TC 1.5  10-5 M, H 1.010-3 M, and ʎmax 600 nm. To determine the potency and rate of the reactant species, an aqueous acidic medium was employed. The reactions direction and tendency were predicted using a thermodynamic analysis at an interval of 5.0 K and a temperature range of 301-321 K. Without the presence of intermediate complexfree atoms formation, a reaction that produced phenyl sulphoxide, phenylamine, and HPO32- as products of the reaction was obtained with a molar ratio of 1:1 for both reactants. First-order tolonium chloride reactivity was found in the reaction and first-order for the phosphate ion, resulting in a second-order reaction overall. The reaction process accelerated as the concentration of hydrochloric acid rose. The response time decreased with an increase in ionic strength concentration and added Ca2 and Cl- did catalyze the reaction positively. A straight line that went through the origin was produced by plotting 1ko vs PO43- concentration. The spectroscopic analysis showed no discernible shift from λmax of 600 nm. Additionally, an increase in temperature accelerated the reaction process. The reaction has a negative free energy change, G -3.131.12 KJmol which indicates that it is spontaneous and that the reactants have more free energy than that of the products. While the enthalpy of activation, H is positive and indicates that the reaction was endothermic and followed an associative path, the entropy of activation, S, is also negative -7.451.10 KJmol, indicating that the reaction is less disordered. Due to the added ions catalysis and absence of free atoms during the course of the reaction, an outer-sphere mechanism was suggested for the reaction.

 The degradation of tolonium chloride TC dye by phosphate ion PO43- in an aqueous acidic solution was studied using spectrophotometric analysis at 301 K, I 1.0 M, TC 1.5  10-5 M, H 1.010-3 M, and ʎmax 600 nm. To determine the potency and rate of the reactant species, an aqueous acidic medium was employed. The reactions direction and tendency were predicted using a thermodynamic analysis at an interval of 5.0 K and a temperature range of 301-321 K. Without the presence of intermediate complexfree atoms formation, a reaction that produced phenyl sulphoxide, phenylamine, and HPO32- as products of the reaction was obtained with a molar ratio of 1:1 for both reactants. First-order tolonium chloride reactivity was found in the reaction and first-order for the phosphate ion, resulting in a second-order reaction overall. The reaction process accelerated as the concentration of hydrochloric acid rose. The response time decreased with an increase in ionic strength concentration and added Ca2 and Cl- did catalyze the reaction positively. A straight line that went through the origin was produced by plotting 1ko vs PO43- concentration. The spectroscopic analysis showed no discernible shift from λmax of 600 nm. Additionally, an increase in temperature accelerated the reaction process. The reaction has a negative free energy change, G -3.131.12 KJmol which indicates that it is spontaneous and that the reactants have more free energy than that of the products. While the enthalpy of activation, H is positive and indicates that the reaction was endothermic and followed an associative path, the entropy of activation, S, is also negative -7.451.10 KJmol, indicating that the reaction is less disordered. Due to the added ions catalysis and absence of free atoms during the course of the reaction, an outer-sphere mechanism was suggested for the reaction.

 The degradation of tolonium chloride TC dye by phosphate ion PO43- in an aqueous acidic solution was studied using spectrophotometric analysis at 301 K, I 1.0 M, TC 1.5  10-5 M, H 1.010-3 M, and ʎmax 600 nm. To determine the potency and rate of the reactant species, an aqueous acidic medium was employed. The reactions direction and tendency were predicted using a thermodynamic analysis at an interval of 5.0 K and a temperature range of 301-321 K. Without the presence of intermediate complexfree atoms formation, a reaction that produced phenyl sulphoxide, phenylamine, and HPO32- as products of the reaction was obtained with a molar ratio of 1:1 for both reactants. First-order tolonium chloride reactivity was found in the reaction and first-order for the phosphate ion, resulting in a second-order reaction overall. The reaction process accelerated as the concentration of hydrochloric acid rose. The response time decreased with an increase in ionic strength concentration and added Ca2 and Cl- did catalyze the reaction positively. A straight line that went through the origin was produced by plotting 1ko vs PO43- concentration. The spectroscopic analysis showed no discernible shift from λmax of 600 nm. Additionally, an increase in temperature accelerated the reaction process. The reaction has a negative free energy change, G -3.131.12 KJmol which indicates that it is spontaneous and that the reactants have more free energy than that of the products. While the enthalpy of activation, H is positive and indicates that the reaction was endothermic and followed an associative path, the entropy of activation, S, is also negative -7.451.10 KJmol, indicating that the reaction is less disordered. Due to the added ions catalysis and absence of free atoms during the course of the reaction, an outer-sphere mechanism was suggested for the reaction.

 The degradation of tolonium chloride TC dye by phosphate ion PO43- in an aqueous acidic solution was studied using spectrophotometric analysis at 301 K, I 1.0 M, TC 1.5  10-5 M, H 1.010-3 M, and ʎmax 600 nm. To determine the potency and rate of the reactant species, an aqueous acidic medium was employed. The reactions direction and tendency were predicted using a thermodynamic analysis at an interval of 5.0 K and a temperature range of 301-321 K. Without the presence of intermediate complexfree atoms formation, a reaction that produced phenyl sulphoxide, phenylamine, and HPO32- as products of the reaction was obtained with a molar ratio of 1:1 for both reactants. First-order tolonium chloride reactivity was found in the reaction and first-order for the phosphate ion, resulting in a second-order reaction overall. The reaction process accelerated as the concentration of hydrochloric acid rose. The response time decreased with an increase in ionic strength concentration and added Ca2 and Cl- did catalyze the reaction positively. A straight line that went through the origin was produced by plotting 1ko vs PO43- concentration. The spectroscopic analysis showed no discernible shift from λmax of 600 nm. Additionally, an increase in temperature accelerated the reaction process. The reaction has a negative free energy change, G -3.131.12 KJmol which indicates that it is spontaneous and that the reactants have more free energy than that of the products. While the enthalpy of activation, H is positive and indicates that the reaction was endothermic and followed an associative path, the entropy of activation, S, is also negative -7.451.10 KJmol, indicating that the reaction is less disordered. Due to the added ions catalysis and absence of free atoms during the course of the reaction, an outer-sphere mechanism was suggested for the reaction.

Article Details

Degradation of Tolonium Chloride Dye by Phosphate Ion in Aqueous Acidic Solution: Kinetic Approach

Authors:

Patricia Umoru

Publisher:

Turkish Chemical Society

Main Topics:

Inorganic Materials

Journal:

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.633-642

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

5/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001309570

pISSN:

2149-0120

Degradation

Tolonium chloride

Phosphate ion

Acidic Medium

Issues

Article Details

Degradation of Tolonium Chloride Dye by Phosphate Ion in Aqueous Acidic Solution: Kinetic Approach

Authors: Patricia Umoru

Publisher: Turkish Chemical Society

Main Topics: Inorganic Materials

Journal: Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.633-642

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 5/2024

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001309570

pISSN: 2149-0120

Degradation

Tolonium chloride

Phosphate ion

Acidic Medium

Issues

Authors:

Patricia Umoru

Publisher:

Turkish Chemical Society

Main Topics:

Inorganic Materials

Journal:

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.633-642

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

5/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001309570

pISSN:

2149-0120