MIMETIC DESIRE ON THE AXIS OF THE STRUGGLE WITH THE CYCLOPS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY THROUGH BASAT AND ODYSSEUS

Kemal Çinko

Article Details

MIMETIC DESIRE ON THE AXIS OF THE STRUGGLE WITH THE CYCLOPS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY THROUGH BASAT AND ODYSSEUS

Authors:

Kemal Çinko

Publisher:

Motif Yayıncılık

Main Topics:

Türkiye Sahası Türk Halk Bilimi

Journal:

Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi Vol.17 Issue 47, pp.1192-1212

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001327727

pISSN:

1308-4445

Keywords:

Abstract:

 One of the most established works of Turkish literature is the Dede Korkut epic narratives. These narratives are about the way the Oghuz people lived, their meaning of life, their ideals and virtues. It is an ancient Oğuznâme in which verse and prose are used together. Narratives have semantic depth in this respect. This depth provides researchers with various opportunities to interpret them differently. One of the common narratives that has such depth among the Dede Korkut clans is the narrative in which Basat killed Tepegöz. Basats fight against Tepegöz and the fight between Odysseus and the one-eyed giant Polyphemus in the Greek epic Odyssey bear significant similarities in terms of various details in the narratives. The final scenes are one of the most obvious points where these narratives diverge. Basat killed Tepegöz at the end of the narrative but Odysseus only gouged out the giants eye. In the study, motifs, people, peoples activities, objects, places, etc. It has been examined why these narratives, which are similar in various aspects, differ in terms of the killing-wounding incident in the finale. In the study, the desire to kill, which differs specifically in Basat and Odysseus, was questioned through René Girards mimetic desire approach. With the concept of mimetic desire, Girard claims that desire has an imitative nature. There is a triple structure in this desire formation. Subject, object and model constitute the trivets of this structure. While trying to reveal Basats desire to kill, the struggle of Odysseus, who is similar to him in many ways, was compared in the study; The triangle of desire that Basat established at the point of killing the giant was tried to be determined by going deeper than the surface. As a result, it was noticed that Basat took the identity symbols of being a model for himself when it came to killing the giant. In the Greek epic, it was seen that Odysseus lacked the models that guided him, that is, shaped his desire; It has been interpreted that the hero left the giant without killing him due to his lack of a model. It was also understood that Odysseus was a proven hero and that his fight with the giant was only a small episode of his own epic. Unlike Odysseus, Basat, who wanted to reach a superior level of being a hero, had to completely destroy cyclop in order to reach this basic desire, prove himself and reveal his true nature.

 One of the most established works of Turkish literature is the Dede Korkut epic narratives. These narratives are about the way the Oghuz people lived, their meaning of life, their ideals and virtues. It is an ancient Oğuznâme in which verse and prose are used together. Narratives have semantic depth in this respect. This depth provides researchers with various opportunities to interpret them differently. One of the common narratives that has such depth among the Dede Korkut clans is the narrative in which Basat killed Tepegöz. Basats fight against Tepegöz and the fight between Odysseus and the one-eyed giant Polyphemus in the Greek epic Odyssey bear significant similarities in terms of various details in the narratives. The final scenes are one of the most obvious points where these narratives diverge. Basat killed Tepegöz at the end of the narrative but Odysseus only gouged out the giants eye. In the study, motifs, people, peoples activities, objects, places, etc. It has been examined why these narratives, which are similar in various aspects, differ in terms of the killing-wounding incident in the finale. In the study, the desire to kill, which differs specifically in Basat and Odysseus, was questioned through René Girards mimetic desire approach. With the concept of mimetic desire, Girard claims that desire has an imitative nature. There is a triple structure in this desire formation. Subject, object and model constitute the trivets of this structure. While trying to reveal Basats desire to kill, the struggle of Odysseus, who is similar to him in many ways, was compared in the study; The triangle of desire that Basat established at the point of killing the giant was tried to be determined by going deeper than the surface. As a result, it was noticed that Basat took the identity symbols of being a model for himself when it came to killing the giant. In the Greek epic, it was seen that Odysseus lacked the models that guided him, that is, shaped his desire; It has been interpreted that the hero left the giant without killing him due to his lack of a model. It was also understood that Odysseus was a proven hero and that his fight with the giant was only a small episode of his own epic. Unlike Odysseus, Basat, who wanted to reach a superior level of being a hero, had to completely destroy cyclop in order to reach this basic desire, prove himself and reveal his true nature.

 One of the most established works of Turkish literature is the Dede Korkut epic narratives. These narratives are about the way the Oghuz people lived, their meaning of life, their ideals and virtues. It is an ancient Oğuznâme in which verse and prose are used together. Narratives have semantic depth in this respect. This depth provides researchers with various opportunities to interpret them differently. One of the common narratives that has such depth among the Dede Korkut clans is the narrative in which Basat killed Tepegöz. Basats fight against Tepegöz and the fight between Odysseus and the one-eyed giant Polyphemus in the Greek epic Odyssey bear significant similarities in terms of various details in the narratives. The final scenes are one of the most obvious points where these narratives diverge. Basat killed Tepegöz at the end of the narrative but Odysseus only gouged out the giants eye. In the study, motifs, people, peoples activities, objects, places, etc. It has been examined why these narratives, which are similar in various aspects, differ in terms of the killing-wounding incident in the finale. In the study, the desire to kill, which differs specifically in Basat and Odysseus, was questioned through René Girards mimetic desire approach. With the concept of mimetic desire, Girard claims that desire has an imitative nature. There is a triple structure in this desire formation. Subject, object and model constitute the trivets of this structure. While trying to reveal Basats desire to kill, the struggle of Odysseus, who is similar to him in many ways, was compared in the study; The triangle of desire that Basat established at the point of killing the giant was tried to be determined by going deeper than the surface. As a result, it was noticed that Basat took the identity symbols of being a model for himself when it came to killing the giant. In the Greek epic, it was seen that Odysseus lacked the models that guided him, that is, shaped his desire; It has been interpreted that the hero left the giant without killing him due to his lack of a model. It was also understood that Odysseus was a proven hero and that his fight with the giant was only a small episode of his own epic. Unlike Odysseus, Basat, who wanted to reach a superior level of being a hero, had to completely destroy cyclop in order to reach this basic desire, prove himself and reveal his true nature.

 Türk edebiyatının en köklü eserlerinden biri Dede Korkut destanî anlatmalarıdır. Bu anlatmalar, Oğuzların yaşayışlarının, hayatı anlamlandırmalarının, ülkülerinin, faziletlerinin ve meziyetlerinin; nazmın ve nesrin bir arada kullanılarak anlatıldığı kadim bir Oğuznâme niteliğindedir. Anlatılar, bu açıdan anlamsal bir derinliğe sahiptir. Bu derinlik, onları farklı şekilde yorumlama noktasında araştırmacılara çeşitli imkânlar tanımaktadır. Dede Korkut boyları içinde böyle bir derinliğe sahip olan yaygın anlatılardan biri, Basatın Tepegözü öldürdüğü anlatıdır. Basatın Tepegöze karşı olan mücadelesi ile Yunan destanı Odysseiada geçen Odysseus ile tek gözlü dev Polyphemusun mücadelesi, anlatılardaki çeşitli ayrıntılar noktasında önemli benzerlikler taşımaktadır. Final sahneleri ise bu anlatıların ayrıştıkları en belirgin noktalardan biri olma özelliğindedir. Basat, anlatının sonunda Tepegözü öldürmüştür. Odysseus ise Polyphemusu sadece kör etmekle yetinmiştir. Çalışmada motifler, kişiler, kişilerin faaliyetleri, nesneler, mekânlar vb. çeşitli açılardan benzerlik taşıyan bu anlatıların, finaldeki öldürme-yaralama olayı noktasında neden farklılaştıkları incelenmiştir. İncelemede Basat ve Odysseus özelinde farklılaşan öldürme arzusu, René Girardın mimetik arzu yaklaşımı vasıtasıyla sorgulanmıştır. Girard, mimetik arzu kavramı ile arzunun taklitçi bir tabiata sahip olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Bu arzu oluşumunda üçlü bir yapı söz konusudur. Özne, nesne ve dolayımlayıcı bu yapının sacayaklarını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada Basatın öldürme arzusu ortaya konmaya çalışılırken onunla birçok yönden benzeşen Odysseusun mücadelesi karşılaştırılmış; Basatın devi öldürme noktasında kurduğu arzu üçgeni, yüzeyden derine inilerek belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Basatın, devi öldürme noktasında alplık sembolü kimlikleri kendine model aldığı fark edilmiştir. Yunan destanında ise Odysseusun kendisini yönlendiren yani arzusunu şekillendiren dolayımlayıcılardan yoksun olduğu görülmüş; kahramanın, bu dolayımlayıcı yoksunluğundan dolayı devi öldürmeden bıraktığı yorumu yapılmıştır. Ayrıca Odysseusun kendini kanıtlamış bir kahraman olduğu anlaşılmış ve onun devle olan mücadelesinin, kendi eposunun yalnızca küçük bir epizodunu oluşturduğu fark edilmiştir. Odysseusun aksine üstün bir alplık seviyesine ulaşma arzusunda olan Basat ise bu temel arzusuna ulaşmak, kendini kanıtlamak ve özündeki alplığı ortaya çıkarmak için Tepegözü tamamen ortadan kaldırmak durumunda kalmıştır.

Article Details

MIMETIC DESIRE ON THE AXIS OF THE STRUGGLE WITH THE CYCLOPS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY THROUGH BASAT AND ODYSSEUS

Authors:

Kemal Çinko

Publisher:

Motif Yayıncılık

Main Topics:

Türkiye Sahası Türk Halk Bilimi

Journal:

Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi Vol.17 Issue 47, pp.1192-1212

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001327727

pISSN:

1308-4445

Dede Korkut

Basat

Odysseus

Cyclop

Mimetic DesireDede Korkut

Basat

Odysseus

Tepegöz

Mimetik Arzu

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Kemal Çinko

Publisher: Motif Yayıncılık

Main Topics: Türkiye Sahası Türk Halk Bilimi

Journal: Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi Vol.17 Issue 47, pp.1192-1212

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 9/2024

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001327727

pISSN: 1308-4445

Issues

Authors:

Kemal Çinko

Publisher:

Motif Yayıncılık

Main Topics:

Türkiye Sahası Türk Halk Bilimi

Journal:

Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi Vol.17 Issue 47, pp.1192-1212

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001327727

pISSN:

1308-4445