Comparison of Innovation Performances of BRICS Countries through CRITIC and GRA Methods

Rahmi Baki

Article Details

Comparison of Innovation Performances of BRICS Countries through CRITIC and GRA Methods

Authors:

Rahmi Baki

Publisher:

Gaziantep University

Main Topics:

İnovasyon Yönetimi

Journal:

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 4, pp.1561-1570

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001330241

pISSN:

1303-0094

Keywords:

Abstract:

 BRICS countries recent investments in technology have attracted attention, and they have become a part of the nations that conduct research around the world. The European Innovation Scoreboard EIS, accepted as an effective benchmarking tool for technology policies, provides a comparative analysis of the innovation performances of many countries, including BRICS. In the current research, the innovation performances of BRICS countries were compared through EIS data, one of the most adopted benchmarking tools in technology policy discussions. Thus, it was aimed to determine the importance levels of the criteria used in the EIS data and to analyze the innovation processes of the countries in question. In this study, an integrated framework using CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation CRITIC and Grey Relational Analysis GRA methods is presented to compare the innovation performances of BRICS countries. In the first stage of the application, the importance levels of the criteria are obtained using the CRITIC method, while in the second stage, countries are ranked according to their innovation performance through GRA. Data are obtained by compiling statistics from the EIS database created by the Commission of the European Communities. The results obtained in the practical application of the model rank the criteria according to their weights as follows: higher education 0.249, international joint publications 0.176, medium and high technology exports 0.122, frequently cited publications 0.113, PCT patents 0.094, public-private joint publications 0.085, designs 0.083 and trademarks 0.078. In addition, the BRICS countries are ranked according to their innovation performance as China 0.76, Russia 0.6, South Africa 0.516, Brazil 0.426, and India 0.378.

 BRICS countries recent investments in technology have attracted attention, and they have become a part of the nations that conduct research around the world. The European Innovation Scoreboard EIS, accepted as an effective benchmarking tool for technology policies, provides a comparative analysis of the innovation performances of many countries, including BRICS. In the current research, the innovation performances of BRICS countries were compared through EIS data, one of the most adopted benchmarking tools in technology policy discussions. Thus, it was aimed to determine the importance levels of the criteria used in the EIS data and to analyze the innovation processes of the countries in question. In this study, an integrated framework using CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation CRITIC and Grey Relational Analysis GRA methods is presented to compare the innovation performances of BRICS countries. In the first stage of the application, the importance levels of the criteria are obtained using the CRITIC method, while in the second stage, countries are ranked according to their innovation performance through GRA. Data are obtained by compiling statistics from the EIS database created by the Commission of the European Communities. The results obtained in the practical application of the model rank the criteria according to their weights as follows: higher education 0.249, international joint publications 0.176, medium and high technology exports 0.122, frequently cited publications 0.113, PCT patents 0.094, public-private joint publications 0.085, designs 0.083 and trademarks 0.078. In addition, the BRICS countries are ranked according to their innovation performance as China 0.76, Russia 0.6, South Africa 0.516, Brazil 0.426, and India 0.378.

 BRICS countries recent investments in technology have attracted attention, and they have become a part of the nations that conduct research around the world. The European Innovation Scoreboard EIS, accepted as an effective benchmarking tool for technology policies, provides a comparative analysis of the innovation performances of many countries, including BRICS. In the current research, the innovation performances of BRICS countries were compared through EIS data, one of the most adopted benchmarking tools in technology policy discussions. Thus, it was aimed to determine the importance levels of the criteria used in the EIS data and to analyze the innovation processes of the countries in question. In this study, an integrated framework using CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation CRITIC and Grey Relational Analysis GRA methods is presented to compare the innovation performances of BRICS countries. In the first stage of the application, the importance levels of the criteria are obtained using the CRITIC method, while in the second stage, countries are ranked according to their innovation performance through GRA. Data are obtained by compiling statistics from the EIS database created by the Commission of the European Communities. The results obtained in the practical application of the model rank the criteria according to their weights as follows: higher education 0.249, international joint publications 0.176, medium and high technology exports 0.122, frequently cited publications 0.113, PCT patents 0.094, public-private joint publications 0.085, designs 0.083 and trademarks 0.078. In addition, the BRICS countries are ranked according to their innovation performance as China 0.76, Russia 0.6, South Africa 0.516, Brazil 0.426, and India 0.378.

 BRICS ülkelerinin son dönemde teknolojiye yaptıkları yatırımlar dikkat çekmektedir ve bu ülkeler dünya çapında araştırma yapan ulusların bir parçası hâline gelmişlerdir. Teknoloji politikaları için etkili bir kıyaslama aracı olarak kabul edilen Avrupa İnovasyon Skor Tablosu AİST, BRICS dâhil birçok ülkenin inovasyon performanslarının karşılaştırmalı analizini sağlamaktadır. Mevcut araştırmada BRICS ülkelerinin inovasyon performansları, teknoloji politikası tartışmalarında en çok benimsenen kıyaslama araçlarından biri olan AİST verileri aracılığıyla kıyaslanmıştır. Böylece AİST verilerinde kullanılan kriterlerin önem düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi ve söz konusu ülkelerin inovasyon süreçlerinin analiz edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, BRICS ülkelerinin inovasyon performanslarını karşılaştırmak için CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation CRITIC ve Grey Relational Analysis GRA yöntemlerini kullanan entegre bir çerçeve sunulmaktadır. Uygulamanın ilk aşamasında kriterlerin önem dereceleri CRITIC yöntemiyle elde edilirken, ikinci aşamada ülkeler GRA aracılığıyla inovasyon performanslarına göre sıralanmaktadır. Veriler, Avrupa Toplulukları Komisyonu tarafından oluşturulan AİST veri tabanından istatistikler derlenerek elde edilmiştir. Modelin uygulamasında elde edilen sonuçlara göre kriter ağırlıkları şu şekilde sıralamaktadır: yüksek öğrenim 0,249, uluslararası ortak yayınlar 0,176, orta ve yüksek teknoloji ihracatı 0,122, sık atıf yapılan yayınlar 0,113, PCT patentler 0,094, kamu-özel ortak yayınlar 0,085, tasarımlar 0,083 ve ticari markalar 0,078. Ayrıca BRICS ülkeleri inovasyon performanslarına göre Çin 0,76, Rusya 0,6, Güney Afrika 0,516, Brezilya 0,426 ve Hindistan 0,378 olarak sıralanmaktadır.

Article Details

Comparison of Innovation Performances of BRICS Countries through CRITIC and GRA Methods

Authors:

Rahmi Baki

Publisher:

Gaziantep University

Main Topics:

İnovasyon Yönetimi

Journal:

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 4, pp.1561-1570

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001330241

pISSN:

1303-0094

Innovation

Multi-criteria Analysis

BRICS

CRITIC

GRAİnovasyon

Çok-kriterli Analiz

BRICS

CRITIC

GRA

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Rahmi Baki

Publisher: Gaziantep University

Main Topics: İnovasyon Yönetimi

Journal: Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 4, pp.1561-1570

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 10/2024

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001330241

pISSN: 1303-0094

Issues

Authors:

Rahmi Baki

Publisher:

Gaziantep University

Main Topics:

İnovasyon Yönetimi

Journal:

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 4, pp.1561-1570

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001330241

pISSN:

1303-0094