EVALUATION OF ART IN THE CONTEXT OF THOMAS KUHN’S CONCEPT OF PARADIGM

Betül Yıldırım

Article Details

EVALUATION OF ART IN THE CONTEXT OF THOMAS KUHN’S CONCEPT OF PARADIGM

Authors:

Betül Yıldırım

Publisher:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics:

Sanat Sosyolojisi

Journal:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 11, pp.31-42

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001337000

pISSN:

2687-6175

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The concept of paradigm in Thomas Kuhns The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is one of the most influential perspectives in this field, as it introduces the idea that science progresses through revolutions against the linear progressive understanding accepted by positivist thought. His understanding of science as a complex structure that fluctuates with interruptions and crises, as opposed to the idea that science progresses in a straight line, not only influences scientists. This understanding is enriched by seeing it as a tool that other fields use to explain their own systems. The fact that the concept of paradigm can be applied to different fields allows us to question the possibility of a similar understanding in the field of art. This gives rise to the possibility of questioning whether it is possible to understand art with paradigms as in science. Art, like science, undergoes paradigm shifts. Names such as Oana Şerban and Remi Clignet evaluate this process by conducting studies on how Kuhns paradigms can be adapted to the field of art. First of all, the current paradigm is tried to be understood and works are produced in accordance with the principles of this paradigm. When the ordinary understanding of art begins to be questioned, a crisis arises and trust in the existing paradigm is shaken. Then the attempt is made to overcome the existing paradigm and replace it with the new paradigm. It is possible to explain this process with the classification of catch, sustain, transcend. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate how this concept can be adapted to art by focusing on Kuhns paradigm concept and how artistic ruptures can be re-evaluated through a new classification of art with written sources.

 The concept of paradigm in Thomas Kuhns The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is one of the most influential perspectives in this field, as it introduces the idea that science progresses through revolutions against the linear progressive understanding accepted by positivist thought. His understanding of science as a complex structure that fluctuates with interruptions and crises, as opposed to the idea that science progresses in a straight line, not only influences scientists. This understanding is enriched by seeing it as a tool that other fields use to explain their own systems. The fact that the concept of paradigm can be applied to different fields allows us to question the possibility of a similar understanding in the field of art. This gives rise to the possibility of questioning whether it is possible to understand art with paradigms as in science. Art, like science, undergoes paradigm shifts. Names such as Oana Şerban and Remi Clignet evaluate this process by conducting studies on how Kuhns paradigms can be adapted to the field of art. First of all, the current paradigm is tried to be understood and works are produced in accordance with the principles of this paradigm. When the ordinary understanding of art begins to be questioned, a crisis arises and trust in the existing paradigm is shaken. Then the attempt is made to overcome the existing paradigm and replace it with the new paradigm. It is possible to explain this process with the classification of catch, sustain, transcend. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate how this concept can be adapted to art by focusing on Kuhns paradigm concept and how artistic ruptures can be re-evaluated through a new classification of art with written sources.

 The concept of paradigm in Thomas Kuhns The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is one of the most influential perspectives in this field, as it introduces the idea that science progresses through revolutions against the linear progressive understanding accepted by positivist thought. His understanding of science as a complex structure that fluctuates with interruptions and crises, as opposed to the idea that science progresses in a straight line, not only influences scientists. This understanding is enriched by seeing it as a tool that other fields use to explain their own systems. The fact that the concept of paradigm can be applied to different fields allows us to question the possibility of a similar understanding in the field of art. This gives rise to the possibility of questioning whether it is possible to understand art with paradigms as in science. Art, like science, undergoes paradigm shifts. Names such as Oana Şerban and Remi Clignet evaluate this process by conducting studies on how Kuhns paradigms can be adapted to the field of art. First of all, the current paradigm is tried to be understood and works are produced in accordance with the principles of this paradigm. When the ordinary understanding of art begins to be questioned, a crisis arises and trust in the existing paradigm is shaken. Then the attempt is made to overcome the existing paradigm and replace it with the new paradigm. It is possible to explain this process with the classification of catch, sustain, transcend. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate how this concept can be adapted to art by focusing on Kuhns paradigm concept and how artistic ruptures can be re-evaluated through a new classification of art with written sources.

 Thomas Kuhnun Bilimsel Devrimlerin Yapısı eserinde geçen paradigma kavramı, positivist düşüncenin kabul ettiği çizgisel ilerlemeci anlayışa karşı, bilimin devrimlerle ilerlediği düşüncesini bilime kazandırması, bu alana dair gerçekleştirilmiş en etkili bakış açılarından biridir. Bilimin, düz bir çizgide ilerlediği düşüncenin karşısına, kesintilerle, bunalımlarla dalgalandığı karmaşık bir yapı olarak gördüğü anlayışı sadece bilim insanlarını etkilemekle kalmaz. Bu anlayış, başka alanların kendi sistemlerini açıklamak için kullandıkları bir araç olarak görülmesiyle zenginleşir. Paradigma kavramının farklı alanlara uygulanabilir olması sanat alanında da benzer bir anlayışın imkanını sorgulamamıza olanak tanır. Bu durum sanatın bilimde olduğu gibi paradigmalarla anlaşılmasının mümkün olup olamayacağını sorgulama imkanını doğurur. Sanat, bilimde olduğu gibi paradigma değişikliklerine uğrar. Oana Şerban ve Remi Clignet gibi isimler Kuhnun paradigmalarının sanat alanına nasıl uyarlanabileceğine dair çalışmalar yaparak bu süreci değerlendirmeye tabi tutar. Öncelikle mevcut paradigma anlaşılmaya çalışılır ve bu paradigmanın ilkelerine uygun eserler üretilir. Olağan sanat anlayışı sorgulanmaya başladığında bu andan itibaren bunalım ortaya çıkar ve mevcut paradigmaya olan güven sarsılır. Sonrasında var olan paradigma aşılmaya çalışılarak yerini yeni paradigmaya bırakır. Bu süreci yakala, sürdür, aş sınıflandırmasıyla açıklamak mümkündür. Bu makalenin temel amacı, Kuhnun paradigma kavramı odağında bu kavramın sanata nasıl uyarlanabileceğini, yeni bir sanat sınıflandırması üzerinden sanatsal kırılmaların yeniden nasıl değerlendirilebileceğini merkeze alarak yazılı kaynaklarla değerlendirmektir.

Article Details

EVALUATION OF ART IN THE CONTEXT OF THOMAS KUHN’S CONCEPT OF PARADIGM

Authors:

Betül Yıldırım

Publisher:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics:

Sanat Sosyolojisi

Journal:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 11, pp.31-42

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001337000

pISSN:

2687-6175

Art

Science

Philosophy

Paradigm

Thomas KuhnSanat

Bilim

Felsefe

Paradigma

Thomas Kuhn

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Betül Yıldırım

Publisher: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics: Sanat Sosyolojisi

Journal: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 11, pp.31-42

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 12/2024

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001337000

pISSN: 2687-6175

Issues

Authors:

Betül Yıldırım

Publisher:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics:

Sanat Sosyolojisi

Journal:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 11, pp.31-42

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001337000

pISSN:

2687-6175