Turkish-German Cultural Diplomacy and 1957 Cultural Agreement

Ceyhun Öğreten

Article Details

Turkish-German Cultural Diplomacy and 1957 Cultural Agreement

Authors:

Ceyhun Öğreten

Publisher:

Marmara University

Main Topics:

Türk Kültür Tarihi

Journal:

Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 2, pp.636-656

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305264

pISSN:

2148-6743

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Diplomacy encompasses the methods and decisions employed by states to pursue their foreign policy objectives, while public diplomacy focuses on the development of cooperative approaches and cultural relations. Cultural diplomacy, a subset of public diplomacy, encompasses relations related to ideas, history, art, and culture among nations. Bilateral cultural agreements serve to strengthen these cultural ties. The subject of this study is the Turkish-German cultural agreement, rooted in the resurgence of the idea of European integration after World War I and its formalization with the establishment of the Council of Europe following World War II. The Council of Europe urged its member states to sign cultural agreements, aiming to encourage the preservation of European culture and promote mutual understanding through the exploration of civilizations, history, and languages. Turkey initiated cultural agreements with Greece and Italy in 1951, France in 1952, and Britain in 1956. The cultural agreement with Germany was signed on May 8, 1957, during the visit of the President of Federal Germany,Theodor Heuss to Turkey. Subsequently, both countries undertook numerous cultural diplomacy initiatives. This study delves into Germanys cultural diplomacy efforts in Turkey within the framework of the Turkish-German Cultural Agreement, drawing upon relevant secondary literature, official publications, and archival documents.

 Diplomacy encompasses the methods and decisions employed by states to pursue their foreign policy objectives, while public diplomacy focuses on the development of cooperative approaches and cultural relations. Cultural diplomacy, a subset of public diplomacy, encompasses relations related to ideas, history, art, and culture among nations. Bilateral cultural agreements serve to strengthen these cultural ties. The subject of this study is the Turkish-German cultural agreement, rooted in the resurgence of the idea of European integration after World War I and its formalization with the establishment of the Council of Europe following World War II. The Council of Europe urged its member states to sign cultural agreements, aiming to encourage the preservation of European culture and promote mutual understanding through the exploration of civilizations, history, and languages. Turkey initiated cultural agreements with Greece and Italy in 1951, France in 1952, and Britain in 1956. The cultural agreement with Germany was signed on May 8, 1957, during the visit of the President of Federal Germany,Theodor Heuss to Turkey. Subsequently, both countries undertook numerous cultural diplomacy initiatives. This study delves into Germanys cultural diplomacy efforts in Turkey within the framework of the Turkish-German Cultural Agreement, drawing upon relevant secondary literature, official publications, and archival documents.

 Diplomacy encompasses the methods and decisions employed by states to pursue their foreign policy objectives, while public diplomacy focuses on the development of cooperative approaches and cultural relations. Cultural diplomacy, a subset of public diplomacy, encompasses relations related to ideas, history, art, and culture among nations. Bilateral cultural agreements serve to strengthen these cultural ties. The subject of this study is the Turkish-German cultural agreement, rooted in the resurgence of the idea of European integration after World War I and its formalization with the establishment of the Council of Europe following World War II. The Council of Europe urged its member states to sign cultural agreements, aiming to encourage the preservation of European culture and promote mutual understanding through the exploration of civilizations, history, and languages. Turkey initiated cultural agreements with Greece and Italy in 1951, France in 1952, and Britain in 1956. The cultural agreement with Germany was signed on May 8, 1957, during the visit of the President of Federal Germany,Theodor Heuss to Turkey. Subsequently, both countries undertook numerous cultural diplomacy initiatives. This study delves into Germanys cultural diplomacy efforts in Turkey within the framework of the Turkish-German Cultural Agreement, drawing upon relevant secondary literature, official publications, and archival documents.

 Ülkelerin dış politika hedeflerini gerçekleştirme yolunda izlediği yöntem ve kararlar diplomasi olarak tanımlanırken uyguladıkları yöntemlerin karşılıklı iş birliği ve kültürel ilişkiler ekseninde gelişmesi kamu diplomasisini oluşturmaktadır. Kamu diplomasisinin uygulama alanı olan kültürel diplomasi, devletlerin halkları arasında fikir, tarih, sanat ve kültür ilişkilerini kapsamakta karşılıklı kültür anlaşmaları ise kültürel ilişkileri güçlendirmektedir. hukuki zemin pekişmektedir. Bu çalışmada konu edilen Türk-Alman kültür anlaşmasının temeli Birinci Dünya Savaşının ardından oluşan Avrupa bütünleşmesi fikrinin İkinci Dünya Savaşının sona ermesiyle tekrar gündeme gelmesi oluşturmaktadır. Avrupa bütünleşmesi düşüncesinin somut çıktısını oluşturan Avrupa Konseyi, üye devletleri iki taraflı anlaşmalar yoluyla Avrupa kültürünü korumaya, karşılıklı medeniyet, tarih ve dillerini tetkik imkânı vermeye davet etmek düşüncesiyle Konseye üye devletlerin kültür anlaşmaları yapmalarını tavsiye etmiştir. Türkiye, Yunanistan ve İtalya ile 1951de, Fransayla 1952de, İngiltereyle 1956da birer kültür anlaşması imzalamıştır. Almanya ile olan kültür anlaşmasıysa Federal Almanya Cumhurbaşkanı Theodor Heussun Türkiye ziyareti esnasında 8 Mayıs 1957de imzalanmıştır. Bu anlaşma sonrası her iki ülkede kültür diplomasisi bağlamında değerlendirilecek birçok adım atılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türk-Alman Kültür anlaşması çerçevesinde Almanyanın Türkiyedeki kültür diplomasisi faaliyetleri üzerinedir. Araştırmada alan yazını, resmi yayınlar ve arşiv belgelerinden faydalanılmıştır.

Article Details

Turkish-German Cultural Diplomacy and 1957 Cultural Agreement

Authors:

Ceyhun Öğreten

Publisher:

Marmara University

Main Topics:

Türk Kültür Tarihi

Journal:

Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 2, pp.636-656

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305264

pISSN:

2148-6743

diplomacy

Council of Europe

Goethe Institute

archeology

educationDiplomasi

Avrupa Konseyi

Goethe Enstitüsü

Arkeoloji

Eğitim

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Ceyhun Öğreten

Publisher: Marmara University

Main Topics: Türk Kültür Tarihi

Journal: Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 2, pp.636-656

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 12/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001305264

pISSN: 2148-6743

Issues

Authors:

Ceyhun Öğreten

Publisher:

Marmara University

Main Topics:

Türk Kültür Tarihi

Journal:

Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 2, pp.636-656

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305264

pISSN:

2148-6743