UNIVERSITIES IN EUROPE TAKEN AS A MODEL FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE TURKISH HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLICAN ERA AND THEIR HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS

Sefa Salih AYDEMİR

doi:https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.951472

Article Details

UNIVERSITIES IN EUROPE TAKEN AS A MODEL FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE TURKISH HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLICAN ERA AND THEIR HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS

Authors:

Sefa Salih AYDEMİR

Publisher:

Adıyaman University

Main Topics:

Sociology and anthropology

Journal:

Adiyaman University Journal of Social Sciences 2021 Vol. Issue 38, pp.601-620

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2021

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2000441329

Frequency:

Tri-annual

eISSN:

1308-7363

pISSN:

1308-9196

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.951472

Abstract:

 


From the Seljuk Empire and until the Turkish Republic, the Turkish higher education system was based on the madrasa tradition. In the late period of the Ottoman Empire, along with madrasa, which was the classic educational institution, besides military schools giving education in western style, opening civil educational institutions, similar to the university in Europe, started. The first schools opened were in the French model first, similar to the country and its cultural institutions, which the state sympathized with in the foreign policy, and the universities opened in the late periods until the end of the Second World War were tried to be built similar to the German Higher Education system. After the war, on the other hand, university institutions according to the Anglo-Saxon model started to be opened, too. While the institution of the university that developed in time through different models of different countries form with the historical processes and cultural texture of the country it is in, this institution was created by taking the models of the western state that is effective on Turkey as an example within the westernization activities rather than our sociological internal structure. In this study, the higher education systems in Europe that are taken as examples while creating our modern Turkish higher education system and their developments in history will be discussed.

.

 

Türk yükseköğretim sistemi Selçuklu Devleti’nden itibaren Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne gelene kadar medrese geleneğine dayanmaktaydı. Osmanlı Devleti’nin son döneminde klasik eğitim kurumu olan medreselerle beraber, batılı tarzda eğitim veren askeri okulların yanında, Avrupa’daki üniversiteye benzer sivil eğitim kurumları açma faaliyetleri başlar. Açılan ilk okullar, devletin dış politikada sempati duyduğu ülke ve onun kültürel müesseselerine benzer bir şekilde ilk önce Fransız modeli olup, son dönemlerden itibaren İkinci dünya Savaşının sonuna kadar geçen süre içinde açılan üniversiteler Alman Yükseköğretim sistemine benzer şekilde kurgulanmaya çalışılır. Savaş sonrası ise Anglo-Sakson modeline göre de üniversite kurumları açılmaya başlanır. Değişik ülkelerin farklı modelleri üzerinden zaman içerisinde gelişen üniversite kurumu, bulununlan ülkenin tarihsel süreçleri ve kültürel dokusu ile şekillenirken, Türkiye’de bu kurum kendi sosyolojik iç yapımızdan ziyade batılılaşma faaliyetleri içerisinde, Türkiye üzerinde etkin olan batılı devletin modelleri örnek alınarak oluşturulmuştu. Bu çalışmada modern Türk yükseköğretim sistemimizi oluştururken örnek alınan Avrupadaki yükseköğretim sistemleri ve onların tarih içerisindeki gelişimleri ele alınacaktır.

Article Details

UNIVERSITIES IN EUROPE TAKEN AS A MODEL FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE TURKISH HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLICAN ERA AND THEIR HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS

Authors: Sefa Salih AYDEMİR

Publisher: Adıyaman University

Main Topics: Sociology and anthropology

Journal: Adiyaman University Journal of Social Sciences 2021 Vol. Issue 38, pp.601-620

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 8/2021

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2000441329

Frequency: Tri-annual

eISSN: 1308-7363

pISSN: 1308-9196

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.951472

Issues

Authors:

Sefa Salih AYDEMİR

Publisher:

Adıyaman University

Main Topics:

Sociology and anthropology

Journal:

Adiyaman University Journal of Social Sciences 2021 Vol. Issue 38, pp.601-620

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2021

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2000441329

Frequency:

Tri-annual

eISSN:

1308-7363

pISSN:

1308-9196

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.951472