Existence in al-Husaynī al- Halhālī’s Thought

Hatice Toksöz

Article Details

Existence in al-Husaynī al- Halhālī’s Thought

Authors:

Hatice Toksöz

Publisher:

Erciyes University

Main Topics:

İslam Felsefesi

Journal:

Bilimname Issue 51, pp.1-30

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

4/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305189

pISSN:

1304-1878

Keywords:

Abstract:

 This study aims to analyze the views of Husayn b. Hasan al-Husaynī al-Halhālī d. 10141605, one of the leading scholars of the 16th century of Islamic thought, on existence wujūd. In this study, the conception of existence wujūd will be analyzed based on Halhālīs works and glosses, most of which are still in manuscript form. In his treatises such as Risāla fī Ithbāt al-wājib, Hāshiya alā Sharḥ al-Aqāid al-adudiyya and Hāshiya alā Sharḥ Hidāyat al-Hikma li-Kādī Mīr, Halhālī both examines the concept of existence wujūd and analyzes the debates about it. With reference to Avicenna, Halhālī divides existence into two parts: necessary existence and contingent existence and analyzes the necessary existence wājib al- wujūd in terms of the proof of its existence and unity, its attributes and its actions. Additionally, Halhālī discusses whether the reasoning is wajib or not at knowledge of God marifatullah in relation to the Necessary Existence. Halhālī defines the Necessary Being as that which is necessary by virtue of its essence and the contingent being as that which is not necessary by virtue of its essence and whose non-existence is permissible. In this framework, the philosopher states that the essence of the Necessary Being and its attributes of perfection are eternal, while the universe, which is composed of substances and accidents, is created.

 This study aims to analyze the views of Husayn b. Hasan al-Husaynī al-Halhālī d. 10141605, one of the leading scholars of the 16th century of Islamic thought, on existence wujūd. In this study, the conception of existence wujūd will be analyzed based on Halhālīs works and glosses, most of which are still in manuscript form. In his treatises such as Risāla fī Ithbāt al-wājib, Hāshiya alā Sharḥ al-Aqāid al-adudiyya and Hāshiya alā Sharḥ Hidāyat al-Hikma li-Kādī Mīr, Halhālī both examines the concept of existence wujūd and analyzes the debates about it. With reference to Avicenna, Halhālī divides existence into two parts: necessary existence and contingent existence and analyzes the necessary existence wājib al- wujūd in terms of the proof of its existence and unity, its attributes and its actions. Additionally, Halhālī discusses whether the reasoning is wajib or not at knowledge of God marifatullah in relation to the Necessary Existence. Halhālī defines the Necessary Being as that which is necessary by virtue of its essence and the contingent being as that which is not necessary by virtue of its essence and whose non-existence is permissible. In this framework, the philosopher states that the essence of the Necessary Being and its attributes of perfection are eternal, while the universe, which is composed of substances and accidents, is created.

 This study aims to analyze the views of Husayn b. Hasan al-Husaynī al-Halhālī d. 10141605, one of the leading scholars of the 16th century of Islamic thought, on existence wujūd. In this study, the conception of existence wujūd will be analyzed based on Halhālīs works and glosses, most of which are still in manuscript form. In his treatises such as Risāla fī Ithbāt al-wājib, Hāshiya alā Sharḥ al-Aqāid al-adudiyya and Hāshiya alā Sharḥ Hidāyat al-Hikma li-Kādī Mīr, Halhālī both examines the concept of existence wujūd and analyzes the debates about it. With reference to Avicenna, Halhālī divides existence into two parts: necessary existence and contingent existence and analyzes the necessary existence wājib al- wujūd in terms of the proof of its existence and unity, its attributes and its actions. Additionally, Halhālī discusses whether the reasoning is wajib or not at knowledge of God marifatullah in relation to the Necessary Existence. Halhālī defines the Necessary Being as that which is necessary by virtue of its essence and the contingent being as that which is not necessary by virtue of its essence and whose non-existence is permissible. In this framework, the philosopher states that the essence of the Necessary Being and its attributes of perfection are eternal, while the universe, which is composed of substances and accidents, is created.

 Bu çalışma İslam düşüncesinin 16. yüzyılının önde gelen bilginlerinden Hüseyin b. Hasan el-Hüseynî el-Halhâlînin ö. 10141605 varlığa vücûd dair görüşlerini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada varlık vücûd tasavvuru, Halhâlînin büyük çoğunluğu henüz yazma halinde olan telif eserleri ve hâşiyelerinden hareketle incelenecektir. Halhâlî, Risâle fî İsbâtil-vâcib, Hâşiye alâ Şerhil-Akâidil-adûdiyye ve Hâşiye alâ Şerhi Hidâyetil-Hikme li-Kâdî Mîr gibi risalelerinde hem varlık vücûd kavramını incelemiş hem de varlığa ilişkin tartışmaları analiz etmiştir. İbn Sînâya referansla varlığı Zorunlu Vâcib ve mümkün mümkin varlık şeklinde iki kısma ayıran Halhâlî, Zorunlu Varlıkı Vâcibül-Vücûd varlığının ve birliğinin ispatı, sıfatları ve fiilleri açısından incelemektedir. Ayrıca Halhâlî, Zorunlu Varlık ile ilişkili olarak mârifetullah hakkında nazarın vacip olup olmadığı hususunu tartışmaktadır. Halhâlî, Zorunlu Varlıkın zâtı gereği zorunlu olan, mümkün varlığı da zâtı gereği zorunlu olmayan, yokluğu caiz olan şeklinde tanımlar. Bu çerçevede düşünür, Zorunlu Varlıkın zâtı ve kemâl sıfatlarının kadîm, cevher ve arazlardan meydana gelen âlemin de hâdis olduğunu ifade eder. Zorunlu Varlıkın varlığının kanıtlanması meselesinde Devvânînin İbn Sînâdan naklettiği burhân-ı sıddıkîn delilini açıklayan Halhâlî, Allahın bir olması hususunda da hem filozofların yöntemini hem de kelam bilginlerinin burhân-ı temânu delilini anlatır. Ona göre Zorunlu Varlık, bir ve basittir, Onda bileşiklik gibi bir durumun olması mümkün değildir. Bu bağlamda düşünürün Allah ile âlem ilişkisini de varlık-yokluk, zorunlu-imkân, kadîm-hâdis, illet-malûl, ve zaman gibi kavramlar çerçevesinde açıkladığı görülmektedir.

Article Details

Existence in al-Husaynī al- Halhālī’s Thought

Authors:

Hatice Toksöz

Publisher:

Erciyes University

Main Topics:

İslam Felsefesi

Journal:

Bilimname Issue 51, pp.1-30

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

4/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305189

pISSN:

1304-1878

Islamic Philosophy

Husaynī al-Halhālī

Existent

Wājib

Possible.İslam Felsefesi

Hüseynî el-Halhâlî

Varlık (Vücûd)

Vâcib

Mümkün.

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Hatice Toksöz

Publisher: Erciyes University

Main Topics: İslam Felsefesi

Journal: Bilimname Issue 51, pp.1-30

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 4/2024

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001305189

pISSN: 1304-1878

Issues

Authors:

Hatice Toksöz

Publisher:

Erciyes University

Main Topics:

İslam Felsefesi

Journal:

Bilimname Issue 51, pp.1-30

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

4/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305189

pISSN:

1304-1878