Banking History in the First Century of the Republic of Türkiye

M. Esra Atukalp

Article Details

Banking History in the First Century of the Republic of Türkiye

Authors:

M. Esra Atukalp

Publisher:

Gumushane University

Main Topics:

Siyasi Düşünce Tarihi | Para-Bankacılık

Journal:

Paradigma: İktisadi ve İdari Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.12 Issue Özel Sayı, pp.202-211

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001299256

pISSN:

2822-5570

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The banking sector in the Republic of Türkiye, can be considered as national banking period 1923-1944, private banking period 1945-1959, planned period 1960-1980, financial liberalization period 1981-2001, restructuring period post-2002 period and following form. These periods are shaped as a result of the effect of economic policies. The aim of this study is to examine the historical development in the banking sector in the first century of the Republic of Türkiye. In this context, deposit banks established during the banking period and development and investment banks were examined, and deposit banks operating in the 100th year of the Republic were examined in line with the changes that have occurred since their establishment, due to changes in title, ownership structure and field of activity, and merger. Banking history consists of the following stages, in order: getting out of the control of foreign capital in the establishment of the Republic, giving importance to banks in the creation of Turkish economic existence and the support of the state in the establishment of banks, implementation of liberal policies instead of statist policies, establishment of a system for the points indicated in the development plans, the effects of the restructuring period in banking and later.

 The banking sector in the Republic of Türkiye, can be considered as national banking period 1923-1944, private banking period 1945-1959, planned period 1960-1980, financial liberalization period 1981-2001, restructuring period post-2002 period and following form. These periods are shaped as a result of the effect of economic policies. The aim of this study is to examine the historical development in the banking sector in the first century of the Republic of Türkiye. In this context, deposit banks established during the banking period and development and investment banks were examined, and deposit banks operating in the 100th year of the Republic were examined in line with the changes that have occurred since their establishment, due to changes in title, ownership structure and field of activity, and merger. Banking history consists of the following stages, in order: getting out of the control of foreign capital in the establishment of the Republic, giving importance to banks in the creation of Turkish economic existence and the support of the state in the establishment of banks, implementation of liberal policies instead of statist policies, establishment of a system for the points indicated in the development plans, the effects of the restructuring period in banking and later.

 The banking sector in the Republic of Türkiye, can be considered as national banking period 1923-1944, private banking period 1945-1959, planned period 1960-1980, financial liberalization period 1981-2001, restructuring period post-2002 period and following form. These periods are shaped as a result of the effect of economic policies. The aim of this study is to examine the historical development in the banking sector in the first century of the Republic of Türkiye. In this context, deposit banks established during the banking period and development and investment banks were examined, and deposit banks operating in the 100th year of the Republic were examined in line with the changes that have occurred since their establishment, due to changes in title, ownership structure and field of activity, and merger. Banking history consists of the following stages, in order: getting out of the control of foreign capital in the establishment of the Republic, giving importance to banks in the creation of Turkish economic existence and the support of the state in the establishment of banks, implementation of liberal policies instead of statist policies, establishment of a system for the points indicated in the development plans, the effects of the restructuring period in banking and later.

 Türkiye Cumhuriyetinde bankacılık sektörü, milli bankacılık dönemi 1923-1944, özel bankacılık dönemi 1945-1959, planlı dönem 1960-1980, finansal serbestleşme dönemi 1981-2001, yeniden yapılandırma dönemi 2002 sonrası ve sonrası şeklinde ele alınabilir. Söz konusu dönemler ekonomi politikalarının etkisi sonucu şekillenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin birinci yüzyılında bankacılık sektöründe tarihsel gelişimin incelenmesidir. Bu kapsamda bankacılık dönemlerinde mevduat bankaları ile kalkınma ve yatırım bankalarının kuruluşları incelenmiş, Cumhuriyetin 100. yılında faaliyet gösteren mevduat bankaları ise kuruluşlarından bu yana, söz konusu olan unvan, mülkiyet yapısı ve faaliyet alanı değişikliği, birleşme gibi nedenlerle meydana gelen değişiklikler doğrultusunda incelenmiştir. Bankacılık tarihi sırası ile şu aşamalardan oluşmaktadır: Cumhuriyetin kuruluşunda yabancı sermayenin kontrolünden çıkılması ve Türk iktisadi varlığının oluşturulmasında bankalara ve bankaların kurulmasında ise devletin desteğine önem verilmesi; devletçi politikalar yerine liberal politikaların uygulanması, kalkınma planlarında işaret edilen noktalara yönelik sistemin kurulması, bankacılıkta yeniden yapılandırma döneminin etkileri ve sonrası.

Article Details

Banking History in the First Century of the Republic of Türkiye

Authors:

M. Esra Atukalp

Publisher:

Gumushane University

Main Topics:

Siyasi Düşünce Tarihi | Para-Bankacılık

Journal:

Paradigma: İktisadi ve İdari Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.12 Issue Özel Sayı, pp.202-211

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001299256

pISSN:

2822-5570

banking

history

Republic of Türkiye

first centurybankacılık

tarih

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti

birinci yüzyıl

Issues

Article Details

Authors: M. Esra Atukalp

Publisher: Gumushane University

Main Topics: Siyasi Düşünce Tarihi | Para-Bankacılık

Journal: Paradigma: İktisadi ve İdari Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.12 Issue Özel Sayı, pp.202-211

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 10/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001299256

pISSN: 2822-5570

Issues

Authors:

M. Esra Atukalp

Publisher:

Gumushane University

Main Topics:

Siyasi Düşünce Tarihi | Para-Bankacılık

Journal:

Paradigma: İktisadi ve İdari Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.12 Issue Özel Sayı, pp.202-211

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001299256

pISSN:

2822-5570