Applying Grice’s Maxims and Speech Act Theory to Analyze Pragmatics in Chatgpt and Gemini AI Dialogues

Thoriqi Firdaus; Lisda Yasin Bakari

Article Details

Applying Grice’s Maxims and Speech Act Theory to Analyze Pragmatics in Chatgpt and Gemini AI Dialogues

Authors:

Thoriqi Firdaus | Lisda Yasin Bakari

Publisher:

Selcuk University

Main Topics:

Dilbilim (Diğer)

Journal:

Uluslararası Dil ve Çeviri Çalışmaları Dergisi Vol.5 Issue 1, pp.34-53

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2025

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351119

pISSN:

2791-7290

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The issue of applying pragmatic principles in conversations generated by ChatGPT and Gemini is crucial for the investigation. Grices Maxims and Speech Act Theory provide a fundamental framework for guiding conversations to become more structured, relevant, and purposeful. The study aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the application of all of Grices Maxims and Speech Act Theory in conversations generated by AI models such as ChatGPT and Gemini. The research employs a mixed-methods approach. The data is quantitatively analyzed using a T-test, while the validity and reliability of the study are ensured through data triangulation. The findings of the study reveal that both AI models, ChatGPT and Gemini AI, demonstrate exceptional ability in applying Grices Maxims, with an average score of 1.00 for both models, indicating high consistency in maintaining relevance, quantity, quality, and manner in the conversation. Both models also show similar results in applying Speech Act Theory, with an average score of 0.75, although there are challenges in understanding the conversations more nuanced intentions or impacts. Grices Maxims prove more effective in explaining conversational dynamics, while Speech Act Theory still requires further development. Comparative analysis results indicate that both AI models, ChatGPT and Gemini AI, perform almost identically in applying Grices Maxims and Speech Act Theory. For Grices Maxims, the average score between the two models reaches 1.00, with no significant differences found p-value  0.560, signifying high consistency in applying pragmatic principles. For Speech Act Theory, although there are slight differences in effect size Cohens d  0.444 for Task 1 and 0.224 for Task 2, these differences are not large enough to be considered significant, indicating that both models have an almost identical understanding of It theory.

 The issue of applying pragmatic principles in conversations generated by ChatGPT and Gemini is crucial for the investigation. Grices Maxims and Speech Act Theory provide a fundamental framework for guiding conversations to become more structured, relevant, and purposeful. The study aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the application of all of Grices Maxims and Speech Act Theory in conversations generated by AI models such as ChatGPT and Gemini. The research employs a mixed-methods approach. The data is quantitatively analyzed using a T-test, while the validity and reliability of the study are ensured through data triangulation. The findings of the study reveal that both AI models, ChatGPT and Gemini AI, demonstrate exceptional ability in applying Grices Maxims, with an average score of 1.00 for both models, indicating high consistency in maintaining relevance, quantity, quality, and manner in the conversation. Both models also show similar results in applying Speech Act Theory, with an average score of 0.75, although there are challenges in understanding the conversations more nuanced intentions or impacts. Grices Maxims prove more effective in explaining conversational dynamics, while Speech Act Theory still requires further development. Comparative analysis results indicate that both AI models, ChatGPT and Gemini AI, perform almost identically in applying Grices Maxims and Speech Act Theory. For Grices Maxims, the average score between the two models reaches 1.00, with no significant differences found p-value  0.560, signifying high consistency in applying pragmatic principles. For Speech Act Theory, although there are slight differences in effect size Cohens d  0.444 for Task 1 and 0.224 for Task 2, these differences are not large enough to be considered significant, indicating that both models have an almost identical understanding of It theory.

 The issue of applying pragmatic principles in conversations generated by ChatGPT and Gemini is crucial for the investigation. Grices Maxims and Speech Act Theory provide a fundamental framework for guiding conversations to become more structured, relevant, and purposeful. The study aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the application of all of Grices Maxims and Speech Act Theory in conversations generated by AI models such as ChatGPT and Gemini. The research employs a mixed-methods approach. The data is quantitatively analyzed using a T-test, while the validity and reliability of the study are ensured through data triangulation. The findings of the study reveal that both AI models, ChatGPT and Gemini AI, demonstrate exceptional ability in applying Grices Maxims, with an average score of 1.00 for both models, indicating high consistency in maintaining relevance, quantity, quality, and manner in the conversation. Both models also show similar results in applying Speech Act Theory, with an average score of 0.75, although there are challenges in understanding the conversations more nuanced intentions or impacts. Grices Maxims prove more effective in explaining conversational dynamics, while Speech Act Theory still requires further development. Comparative analysis results indicate that both AI models, ChatGPT and Gemini AI, perform almost identically in applying Grices Maxims and Speech Act Theory. For Grices Maxims, the average score between the two models reaches 1.00, with no significant differences found p-value  0.560, signifying high consistency in applying pragmatic principles. For Speech Act Theory, although there are slight differences in effect size Cohens d  0.444 for Task 1 and 0.224 for Task 2, these differences are not large enough to be considered significant, indicating that both models have an almost identical understanding of It theory.

 ChatGPT ve Gemini tarafından oluşturulan konuşmalarda pragmatik ilkelerin uygulanması meselesi, araştırma için kritik öneme sahiptir. Griceın Maksimleri ve Konuşma Eylemi Teorisi, konuşmaların daha yapılandırılmış, ilgili ve amaçlı hale gelmesi için rehberlik sağlayan temel bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, ChatGPT ve Gemini gibi AI modelleri tarafından üretilen konuşmalarda Griceın Maksimlerinin ve Konuşma Eylemi Teorisinin tamamının uygulanmasına dair daha kapsamlı bir anlayış sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, karma yöntemler yaklaşımını kullanmaktadır. Veriler, T-testi kullanılarak nicel olarak analiz edilmekte, çalışma geçerliliği ve güvenilirliği veri üçgenlemesiyle sağlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları, her iki AI modelinin, ChatGPT ve Gemini AI, Griceın Maksimlerini uygulamada olağanüstü bir yetenek sergilediğini ortaya koymaktadır; her iki modelin ortalama puanı 1.00 olup, bu da konuşmada relevans, miktar, kalite ve biçem açısından yüksek tutarlılık olduğunu göstermektedir. Her iki model de Konuşma Eylemi Teorisini uygularken benzer sonuçlar göstermektedir, ortalama puan 0.75tir, ancak konuşmanın daha ince niyetlerini veya etkilerini anlamada zorluklar yaşanmaktadır. Griceın Maksimleri, konuşma dinamiklerini açıklamada daha etkili olduğu kanıtlanırken, Konuşma Eylemi Teorisi hala daha fazla gelişime ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Karşılaştırmalı analiz sonuçları, her iki AI modelinin, ChatGPT ve Gemini AI, Griceın Maksimlerini ve Konuşma Eylemi Teorisini uygulamada neredeyse aynı performansı sergilediğini göstermektedir. Griceın Maksimleri için, iki model arasındaki ortalama puan 1.00a ulaşmakta ve önemli bir fark bulunmamaktadır p-değeri  0.560, bu da pragmatik ilkelerin uygulanmasında yüksek tutarlılığı işaret etmektedir. Konuşma Eylemi Teorisi için ise, etki büyüklüğünde küçük farklar olmakla birlikte Görev 1 için Cohenin dsi  0.444 ve Görev 2 için 0.224, bu farklar yeterince büyük değildir ve önemli sayılmamaktadır, bu da her iki modelin teoriyi neredeyse aynı şekilde anladığını göstermektedir.

Article Details

Applying Grice’s Maxims and Speech Act Theory to Analyze Pragmatics in Chatgpt and Gemini AI Dialogues

Authors:

Thoriqi Firdaus | Lisda Yasin Bakari

Publisher:

Selcuk University

Main Topics:

Dilbilim (Diğer)

Journal:

Uluslararası Dil ve Çeviri Çalışmaları Dergisi Vol.5 Issue 1, pp.34-53

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2025

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351119

pISSN:

2791-7290

Grice’s Maxim

Speech Act

Chatgpt

GeminiGrice

Konuşma Eylemi

Chatgpt

Gemini

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Thoriqi Firdaus | Lisda Yasin Bakari

Publisher: Selcuk University

Main Topics: Dilbilim (Diğer)

Journal: Uluslararası Dil ve Çeviri Çalışmaları Dergisi Vol.5 Issue 1, pp.34-53

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 6/2025

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001351119

pISSN: 2791-7290

Issues

Authors:

Thoriqi Firdaus | Lisda Yasin Bakari

Publisher:

Selcuk University

Main Topics:

Dilbilim (Diğer)

Journal:

Uluslararası Dil ve Çeviri Çalışmaları Dergisi Vol.5 Issue 1, pp.34-53

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2025

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351119

pISSN:

2791-7290