Comparison of The Illuminatıon Style of The Seljuk Period and The Mamluk Period

Hüsna Kılıç; Nagihan Zan

Article Details

Comparison of The Illuminatıon Style of The Seljuk Period and The Mamluk Period

Authors:

Hüsna Kılıç | Nagihan Zan

Publisher:

Selcuk University

Main Topics:

Türk İslam Sanatları (Diğer)

Journal:

Tevilat Vol.5 Issue 1, pp.159-184

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001321487

pISSN:

2687-4849

Keywords:

Abstract:

 In addition to the political, religious and cultural development of the Turkish State, its artistic development continued in every period. Turks, who lived as a nomadic community, started to settle down and first developed in the field of architecture due to the need for shelter. Certain branches of art have been used in interior and exterior spaces to beautify architectural structures. The development of art, the formation of cultural infrastructure, and developments in the fields of science have been pioneers in the development of art throughout history. Religion is another element that determines, develops and directs art in societies. Depicting religious rituals and decorating holy books and places of worship can be seen in all beliefs. In Turks, religions influence on art, especially book arts, started with the acceptance of Islam during the Karakhanid period. Desire to write and decorate the Holy Quran more beautifully; It is the most important factor in the development of book arts such as calligraphy, illumination and binding. Decorative arts showed a significant development in the Seljuk period after the Karakhanids. In both the decorations of the Seljuk Period 1040-1308 and the Mamluk Period 1250-1517; Geometric and rumi composition dominates. Although the same motifs were preferred in both periods, it becomes clear when examined that there is a stylistic difference. In this study; Examples of architectural structures from the Seljuk and Mamluk periods were given and the illuminations in selected manuscripts were examined and analyzed. The styles, compositions, motifs, colors and other elements used in the illuminations were evaluated comparatively and the similarities and differences between the two periods were revealed.

 In addition to the political, religious and cultural development of the Turkish State, its artistic development continued in every period. Turks, who lived as a nomadic community, started to settle down and first developed in the field of architecture due to the need for shelter. Certain branches of art have been used in interior and exterior spaces to beautify architectural structures. The development of art, the formation of cultural infrastructure, and developments in the fields of science have been pioneers in the development of art throughout history. Religion is another element that determines, develops and directs art in societies. Depicting religious rituals and decorating holy books and places of worship can be seen in all beliefs. In Turks, religions influence on art, especially book arts, started with the acceptance of Islam during the Karakhanid period. Desire to write and decorate the Holy Quran more beautifully; It is the most important factor in the development of book arts such as calligraphy, illumination and binding. Decorative arts showed a significant development in the Seljuk period after the Karakhanids. In both the decorations of the Seljuk Period 1040-1308 and the Mamluk Period 1250-1517; Geometric and rumi composition dominates. Although the same motifs were preferred in both periods, it becomes clear when examined that there is a stylistic difference. In this study; Examples of architectural structures from the Seljuk and Mamluk periods were given and the illuminations in selected manuscripts were examined and analyzed. The styles, compositions, motifs, colors and other elements used in the illuminations were evaluated comparatively and the similarities and differences between the two periods were revealed.

 In addition to the political, religious and cultural development of the Turkish State, its artistic development continued in every period. Turks, who lived as a nomadic community, started to settle down and first developed in the field of architecture due to the need for shelter. Certain branches of art have been used in interior and exterior spaces to beautify architectural structures. The development of art, the formation of cultural infrastructure, and developments in the fields of science have been pioneers in the development of art throughout history. Religion is another element that determines, develops and directs art in societies. Depicting religious rituals and decorating holy books and places of worship can be seen in all beliefs. In Turks, religions influence on art, especially book arts, started with the acceptance of Islam during the Karakhanid period. Desire to write and decorate the Holy Quran more beautifully; It is the most important factor in the development of book arts such as calligraphy, illumination and binding. Decorative arts showed a significant development in the Seljuk period after the Karakhanids. In both the decorations of the Seljuk Period 1040-1308 and the Mamluk Period 1250-1517; Geometric and rumi composition dominates. Although the same motifs were preferred in both periods, it becomes clear when examined that there is a stylistic difference. In this study; Examples of architectural structures from the Seljuk and Mamluk periods were given and the illuminations in selected manuscripts were examined and analyzed. The styles, compositions, motifs, colors and other elements used in the illuminations were evaluated comparatively and the similarities and differences between the two periods were revealed.

 Devletlerin siyasi, dini ve kültürel gelişimlerinin yanında sanatsal gelişimleri de yüzyıllar boyunca devam etmiştir. Tarihi süreç içerisinde devletler, sanatsal açıdan birbirlerinden etkilenmiş, her yeni dönem bir önceki dönemin devamı niteliğinde şekil almıştır. Türk medeniyetinin de sanatsal ögeleri ileriye doğru akan tarihsel süreç içerisinde değişimlere ve gelişimlere uğramıştır. Türklerin yerleşik hayata geçilmeye başlandığında ise mimari yapılar sanatsal gelişimin gözlemlendiği ögeler olmuşlardır. Bu bakımdan, sanatsal gelişimin ilk olarak dini mimaride ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Camii, medrese gibi mimari yapıları güzelleştirmek için iç ve dış mekanlarda sanatın belirli dallarının kullanılması bu gelişim safhasına verilebilecek örneklerdir. Türklerde dinin sanata, özellikle de kitap sanatlarının tümüne yön vermesi Karahanlılar Döneminde İslamiyetin kabulü ile başlamıştır. Kuran-ı Kerimi daha güzel yazma ve süsleme isteği; hat, tezhip, cilt gibi kitap sanatlarının gelişmesinde başlıca rol oynamıştır. Tezyini sanatlar Karahanlılardan sonra Büyük Selçuklu Devleti döneminde çok önemli bir gelişim kaydetmiştir. Özellikle Selçuklu 1040-1308 ve Memlük Dönemi 1250-1517 tezyinatlarında geometrik ve rûmî kompozisyonun hâkim olduğu bilinmektedir. Her iki dönemin tezyinatında aynı motifler tercih edilmesine rağmen, eserler incelendiğinde üslup farklılıklarının olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; Selçuklu ve Memlük dönemlerine ait mimari yapılara örnekler verilmiş ve kıyasın daha net anlaşılabilmesi için seçilen yazma eserlerdeki tezhiplerin analizleri yapılmıştır. Kullanılan üsluplar ve teknikler karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiş ve iki dönem arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

Article Details

Comparison of The Illuminatıon Style of The Seljuk Period and The Mamluk Period

Authors:

Hüsna Kılıç | Nagihan Zan

Publisher:

Selcuk University

Main Topics:

Türk İslam Sanatları (Diğer)

Journal:

Tevilat Vol.5 Issue 1, pp.159-184

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001321487

pISSN:

2687-4849

Traditional Art

Seljuk

Mamluk

Architecture

Illumination

Style.Geleneksel Sanatlar

Selçuklu

Memlük

Mimari

Tezhip

Üslup

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Hüsna Kılıç | Nagihan Zan

Publisher: Selcuk University

Main Topics: Türk İslam Sanatları (Diğer)

Journal: Tevilat Vol.5 Issue 1, pp.159-184

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 6/2024

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001321487

pISSN: 2687-4849

Issues

Authors:

Hüsna Kılıç | Nagihan Zan

Publisher:

Selcuk University

Main Topics:

Türk İslam Sanatları (Diğer)

Journal:

Tevilat Vol.5 Issue 1, pp.159-184

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001321487

pISSN:

2687-4849