Struggle of the Shirvanshahs against the Safavids (XV-XVI. Centuries)

Elnur İsmayılov

Article Details

Struggle of the Shirvanshahs against the Safavids (XV-XVI. Centuries)

Authors:

Elnur İsmayılov

Publisher:

Balıkesir University

Main Topics:

Din Araştırmaları

Journal:

Balıkesir İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 17, pp.329-353

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001295167

pISSN:

2149-9969

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Abstract At the beginning of the 6th century, the northern lands of Azerbaijan were occupied by the Sassanids. The Sassanids established a new state in the land of Shirvan, which is a part of Azerbaijan, ruled by rulers with the title of Shirvanshah. Shirvan was conquered during the time of Caliph Omar bin Khattab. After that, the State of Shirvanshahs became an autonomous state dependent on the Caliph. Together with the governor of Azerbaijan, Yazid bin Mezyed, the Mezyedis Dynasty, from the Shaybani branch of the Arab Rabia Tribe, came to dominate. After the 11th century, the Mezyedi Shirvanshahs emerged with the claim that they were descended from Sassanids, giving up their Arab identity and taking the name Kisra. Therefore, starting from the 11th century, the Dynasty of the Shirvanshahs began to be called the Kesranids. After the 14th century, another branch of the same dynasty began to rule the State of the Shirvanshahs under the name Derbendi. Although the Derbendis Dynasty had some struggles with the powerful states of the period, they were able to maintain their power. However, the struggle between the Shirvanshahs and the Safavids, which began in 1460, resulted in Shah Tahmasp I erasing the Shirvanshahs from the historical scene in 1539. In this study, detailed information will be given about the origin of the name Shirvan, the origin of the Shirvanshahs, the establishment of the State of the Shirvanshahs and the struggles of the Shirvanshahs with the Safavids.

 Abstract At the beginning of the 6th century, the northern lands of Azerbaijan were occupied by the Sassanids. The Sassanids established a new state in the land of Shirvan, which is a part of Azerbaijan, ruled by rulers with the title of Shirvanshah. Shirvan was conquered during the time of Caliph Omar bin Khattab. After that, the State of Shirvanshahs became an autonomous state dependent on the Caliph. Together with the governor of Azerbaijan, Yazid bin Mezyed, the Mezyedis Dynasty, from the Shaybani branch of the Arab Rabia Tribe, came to dominate. After the 11th century, the Mezyedi Shirvanshahs emerged with the claim that they were descended from Sassanids, giving up their Arab identity and taking the name Kisra. Therefore, starting from the 11th century, the Dynasty of the Shirvanshahs began to be called the Kesranids. After the 14th century, another branch of the same dynasty began to rule the State of the Shirvanshahs under the name Derbendi. Although the Derbendis Dynasty had some struggles with the powerful states of the period, they were able to maintain their power. However, the struggle between the Shirvanshahs and the Safavids, which began in 1460, resulted in Shah Tahmasp I erasing the Shirvanshahs from the historical scene in 1539. In this study, detailed information will be given about the origin of the name Shirvan, the origin of the Shirvanshahs, the establishment of the State of the Shirvanshahs and the struggles of the Shirvanshahs with the Safavids.

 Abstract At the beginning of the 6th century, the northern lands of Azerbaijan were occupied by the Sassanids. The Sassanids established a new state in the land of Shirvan, which is a part of Azerbaijan, ruled by rulers with the title of Shirvanshah. Shirvan was conquered during the time of Caliph Omar bin Khattab. After that, the State of Shirvanshahs became an autonomous state dependent on the Caliph. Together with the governor of Azerbaijan, Yazid bin Mezyed, the Mezyedis Dynasty, from the Shaybani branch of the Arab Rabia Tribe, came to dominate. After the 11th century, the Mezyedi Shirvanshahs emerged with the claim that they were descended from Sassanids, giving up their Arab identity and taking the name Kisra. Therefore, starting from the 11th century, the Dynasty of the Shirvanshahs began to be called the Kesranids. After the 14th century, another branch of the same dynasty began to rule the State of the Shirvanshahs under the name Derbendi. Although the Derbendis Dynasty had some struggles with the powerful states of the period, they were able to maintain their power. However, the struggle between the Shirvanshahs and the Safavids, which began in 1460, resulted in Shah Tahmasp I erasing the Shirvanshahs from the historical scene in 1539. In this study, detailed information will be given about the origin of the name Shirvan, the origin of the Shirvanshahs, the establishment of the State of the Shirvanshahs and the struggles of the Shirvanshahs with the Safavids.

 VI. yüzyılın başlarında Azerbaycanın kuzey toprakları Sâsânîler tarafından işgal edilmiştir. Sâsânîler, Azerbaycanın bir parçası olan Şirvan toprağında, Şirvanşah unvanlı hâkimlerin yönettiği yeni bir devlet kurdular. Şirvan, Halife Ömer bin Hattabın, zamanında fethedilmiştir. Bundan sonra Şirvanşahlar Devleti, Halifeye bağlı bağımsız bir devlet olmuştur. Azerbaycan valisi Yezid bin Mezyedle birlikte Arap Rabia Kabilesinin Şeybaniler kolundan Mezyediler Sülalesi hâkim konuma geldi. XI. yüzyıldan sonra Mezyedi Şirvan şahları, Arap kimliklerinden vazgeçip Kisra adını alarak Sâsânî soyundan geldikleri iddiasıyla ortaya çıkmışlardır. Bu nedenle XI. yüzyıldan itibaren Şirvanşahlar Hanedanı Kesranîler olarak anılmaya başlamıştır. XIV. yüzyıldan sonra ise Şirvanşahlar Devletini Derbendi adıyla aynı sülalenin başka bir kolu idare etmeğe başladı. Derbendiler Hanedanı dönemin güçlü devletleriyle birtakım mücadeleler yaşasa da iktidarlarını sürdürmeyi başarabilmiştir. Fakat Şirvanşahlarla Safevîlerin 1460tan itibaren başlayan mücadelesi, 1539da Şah I. Tahmaspın Şirvanşahlar Devletini tarih sahnesinden silmesiyle sonuçlandı. Bu çalışmada Şirvan adının kökeni, Şirvanşahların kökeni, Şirvanşahlar Devletinin kuruluşu ve Şirvanşahların Safevîlerle verdiği mücadeleler hakkında detaylı bilgiler verilecektir.

Article Details

Struggle of the Shirvanshahs against the Safavids (XV-XVI. Centuries)

Authors:

Elnur İsmayılov

Publisher:

Balıkesir University

Main Topics:

Din Araştırmaları

Journal:

Balıkesir İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 17, pp.329-353

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001295167

pISSN:

2149-9969

Azerbaijan

Shirvanshah

Derbendi Dynasty

Arran

Caucasia

Safavids

SafavidsAzerbaycan

Şirvanşahlar

Derbendîler

Arran

Kafkasya

Safevile

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Elnur İsmayılov

Publisher: Balıkesir University

Main Topics: Din Araştırmaları

Journal: Balıkesir İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 17, pp.329-353

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 6/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001295167

pISSN: 2149-9969

Issues

Authors:

Elnur İsmayılov

Publisher:

Balıkesir University

Main Topics:

Din Araştırmaları

Journal:

Balıkesir İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 17, pp.329-353

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001295167

pISSN:

2149-9969