Unexpected Situation in Islamic Law of Obligations

Ahmet Akman

Article Details

Unexpected Situation in Islamic Law of Obligations

Authors:

Ahmet Akman

Publisher:

Sakarya University

Main Topics:

Hukuk ve Din

Journal:

Sakarya Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 1, pp.234-252

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

7/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001314717

pISSN:

2147-768X

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Contracts are established by mutual declaration of intent of the parties and become binding. Apart from mutual consent, some external factors can also have a negative impact on the contract between the parties. These extraordinary circumstances may be severe enough to make it impossible to continue the contract. In these cases, which make it impossible to continue the contract, the parties can no longer continue the performance of their obligations. This situation also ends the responsibilities of the parties. However, if the external factors are not so severe and do not make it impossible for the parties to continue the contract, it is possible to adapt the contractual relationship between the parties to the new conditions. The first one is called force majeure, and the other one, which we mainly discuss in our article, is called unexpected situation, provided that the legal consequences of each are different.

 Contracts are established by mutual declaration of intent of the parties and become binding. Apart from mutual consent, some external factors can also have a negative impact on the contract between the parties. These extraordinary circumstances may be severe enough to make it impossible to continue the contract. In these cases, which make it impossible to continue the contract, the parties can no longer continue the performance of their obligations. This situation also ends the responsibilities of the parties. However, if the external factors are not so severe and do not make it impossible for the parties to continue the contract, it is possible to adapt the contractual relationship between the parties to the new conditions. The first one is called force majeure, and the other one, which we mainly discuss in our article, is called unexpected situation, provided that the legal consequences of each are different.

 Contracts are established by mutual declaration of intent of the parties and become binding. Apart from mutual consent, some external factors can also have a negative impact on the contract between the parties. These extraordinary circumstances may be severe enough to make it impossible to continue the contract. In these cases, which make it impossible to continue the contract, the parties can no longer continue the performance of their obligations. This situation also ends the responsibilities of the parties. However, if the external factors are not so severe and do not make it impossible for the parties to continue the contract, it is possible to adapt the contractual relationship between the parties to the new conditions. The first one is called force majeure, and the other one, which we mainly discuss in our article, is called unexpected situation, provided that the legal consequences of each are different.

 Sözleşmeler tarafların karşılıklı irade beyanları ile bağlayıcılık vasfı kazanarak kurulur. Meydana gelen akdî bağ ancak karşılıklı rıza ile sonlandırılabilir. Ancak bunun dışında taraflar arasındaki sözleşmeye bazı dış etkenler de olumsuz etki edebilmektedir. Bazı olağanüstü durumların sebep olduğu dış etkenler sözleşmeye devamı imkânsız kılacak derecede ağır olabilir. Sözleşmeye devamı imkânsız hale getiren bu durumlarda artık taraflar edimlerinin ifasına devam edemezler. Bu durum tarafların sorumluluklarını da sona erdirir. Ancak meydana gelen dış etkenler bu denli ağır olmaz ve de tarafların sözleşmeye devamlarını imkânsız hale getirmeyecek olursa, taraflar arasındaki akdî ilişkinin yeni şartlara uyarlanması mümkün olur. Her birinin hukuki sonuçları farklı olmak üzere ilkine mücbir sebep, makalemizde ağırlıklı ele aldığımız diğerine de beklenmeyen hal adı verilmektedir.

Article Details

Unexpected Situation in Islamic Law of Obligations

Authors:

Ahmet Akman

Publisher:

Sakarya University

Main Topics:

Hukuk ve Din

Journal:

Sakarya Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 1, pp.234-252

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

7/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001314717

pISSN:

2147-768X

Islamic Law

Contract

Debt

Force Majeure

Unexpected Situationİslam Hukuku

Sözleşme

Borç

Mücbir Sebep

Beklenmeyen Hal

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Ahmet Akman

Publisher: Sakarya University

Main Topics: Hukuk ve Din

Journal: Sakarya Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 1, pp.234-252

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 7/2024

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001314717

pISSN: 2147-768X

Issues

Authors:

Ahmet Akman

Publisher:

Sakarya University

Main Topics:

Hukuk ve Din

Journal:

Sakarya Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 1, pp.234-252

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

7/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001314717

pISSN:

2147-768X