Characterization of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum L.) Landraces Regarding to Some Agronomic Traits

Hüsnü Aktaş; Abdurrahman Durmaz

Article Details

Characterization of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum L.) Landraces Regarding to Some Agronomic Traits

Authors:

Hüsnü Aktaş | Abdurrahman Durmaz

Publisher:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Main Topics:

Agronomi | Tarımda Bitki Islahı

Journal:

Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.20 Issue 4, pp.740-754

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305429

pISSN:

1302-7050

Keywords:

Abstract:

 This research was conducted in 2019-20 wheat growing season under rainfall condition of Mardin - Artuklu province. 80 durum wheat landraces originated from Southeast Anatolia and 10 registered durum wheat cultivars were evaluated according to Augmented Trail Design. 20 landraces and 10 cultivars were used for each bloc. We determined large variations in durum wheat landraces for observed traits. Results indicated that mean of observed traits of landraces and varieties were ranged between 229 kgda - 371 kgda for grain yield; 1313 kgkg  1218 kgkg for biomass, 18.02  - 14.94  for grain protein content. Mean thousand kernel weight of landraces and standard varieties changed between 42.9 g and 40.15 g; heading days ranged from 117.8 to 111 days respectively. According to observed data, landraces had longer heading days and grain stage and also higher grain protein content and biomass compare to standard varieties. Results of this study showed that landraces has high potential to increase biomass and grain protein content and they can be used as a genitor in wheat breeding programs to improving desirable durum wheat genotypes. Observation according to GGE biplot methodology which-won-where indicated that ST8 Check and G80 landrace have high values for grain yield, number of seed pers spike, seed weight per spike while G8 landrace showed high values for thousand grain weight, length of peduncle, plant height, grain protein content, biomass and heading days. Obtained results from this study indicated that landraces should be preserved for sustainable agriculture activities specially for marginal areas, also they have high diversity and useful traits for national and international wheat breeding programs.

 This research was conducted in 2019-20 wheat growing season under rainfall condition of Mardin - Artuklu province. 80 durum wheat landraces originated from Southeast Anatolia and 10 registered durum wheat cultivars were evaluated according to Augmented Trail Design. 20 landraces and 10 cultivars were used for each bloc. We determined large variations in durum wheat landraces for observed traits. Results indicated that mean of observed traits of landraces and varieties were ranged between 229 kgda - 371 kgda for grain yield; 1313 kgkg  1218 kgkg for biomass, 18.02  - 14.94  for grain protein content. Mean thousand kernel weight of landraces and standard varieties changed between 42.9 g and 40.15 g; heading days ranged from 117.8 to 111 days respectively. According to observed data, landraces had longer heading days and grain stage and also higher grain protein content and biomass compare to standard varieties. Results of this study showed that landraces has high potential to increase biomass and grain protein content and they can be used as a genitor in wheat breeding programs to improving desirable durum wheat genotypes. Observation according to GGE biplot methodology which-won-where indicated that ST8 Check and G80 landrace have high values for grain yield, number of seed pers spike, seed weight per spike while G8 landrace showed high values for thousand grain weight, length of peduncle, plant height, grain protein content, biomass and heading days. Obtained results from this study indicated that landraces should be preserved for sustainable agriculture activities specially for marginal areas, also they have high diversity and useful traits for national and international wheat breeding programs.

 This research was conducted in 2019-20 wheat growing season under rainfall condition of Mardin - Artuklu province. 80 durum wheat landraces originated from Southeast Anatolia and 10 registered durum wheat cultivars were evaluated according to Augmented Trail Design. 20 landraces and 10 cultivars were used for each bloc. We determined large variations in durum wheat landraces for observed traits. Results indicated that mean of observed traits of landraces and varieties were ranged between 229 kgda - 371 kgda for grain yield; 1313 kgkg  1218 kgkg for biomass, 18.02  - 14.94  for grain protein content. Mean thousand kernel weight of landraces and standard varieties changed between 42.9 g and 40.15 g; heading days ranged from 117.8 to 111 days respectively. According to observed data, landraces had longer heading days and grain stage and also higher grain protein content and biomass compare to standard varieties. Results of this study showed that landraces has high potential to increase biomass and grain protein content and they can be used as a genitor in wheat breeding programs to improving desirable durum wheat genotypes. Observation according to GGE biplot methodology which-won-where indicated that ST8 Check and G80 landrace have high values for grain yield, number of seed pers spike, seed weight per spike while G8 landrace showed high values for thousand grain weight, length of peduncle, plant height, grain protein content, biomass and heading days. Obtained results from this study indicated that landraces should be preserved for sustainable agriculture activities specially for marginal areas, also they have high diversity and useful traits for national and international wheat breeding programs.

 Bu çalışma, 2019-2020 buğday yetiştirme sezonunda Mardin ili Artuklu İlçesi yağışa dayalı şartlarında Augmented Deneme Desenine göre planlanarak Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesine özgü 80 adet yerel makarnalık ve 10 adet standart çeşit kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Deneme, her blokta 20 adet yerel genotip ve 10 adet kontrol çeşit olacak şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesine özgü bu yerel makarnalık çeşitlerin karakterizasyonunun amaçlandığı çalışmada; yerel buğday çeşitlerinin ve kontrol çeşitlerinin alınan gözlemleri sırasıyla tane verimi 229 kgda- 371 kgda; biyolojik verimleri 1313 kgda 1218 kgda; bin tane ağırlıkları 42.9 g  40.15 g, başaklanma gün sayısı 117.8 gün-111 gün; protein oranı  18.02 -  14.94 arasında değişmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre, yerel buğday çeşitlerinin bitki boyu, biyolojik verim, tanede protein oranı bakımından kontrol çeşitlerinden daha yüksek değerlere sahip olduğu tespit edilirken, tane verimi bakımından ise kontrol çeşitlerin daha yüksek değerlere sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yerel çeşitlerin, modern ıslah çeşitlerine göre daha geç başaklandığı ve yeşil kalma süresinin daha uzun olduğu gözlemlendiği çalışmada, yerel çeşitlerin daha çok kışlık gelişme tabiatına sahip özellikler taşıdığı, özellikle tanede protein oranın ve biyolojik verimin artırılması çalışmalarında gen kaynağı olarak kullanılabilecek çok sayıda potansiyel yerel çeşit olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen verileri GGE biblot analiz metodolojisine göre değerlendirilmiş, yapılan değerlendirmede, tane verimi TV, başakta tane sayısı BSTS, başakta tane ağırlığı bakımından ST8 kontrol G80 yerel genotipleri en yüksek değerlere sahip olmuşlardır. Yerel genotipler bin tane ağırlığı BTA, peduncle uzunluğu PU, bitki boyu, tanede protein oranı TPO, biyolojik verim BV ve başaklanma gün sayısı BGS bakımından daha yüksek değerlere sahip olurken, bu özellikler açısından G8 yerel en yüksek değerlere sahip olmuştur. İncelenen özellikler bakımından geniş bir varyasyona sahip olduğu tespit edilen bu yerel çeşitlerinin korunması ve gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması konusunun önemli olduğu ve aynı zamanda ulusal ve uluslararası buğday ıslah programlarında kullanılabilecek yararlı özelliklere sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Article Details

Characterization of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum L.) Landraces Regarding to Some Agronomic Traits

Authors:

Hüsnü Aktaş | Abdurrahman Durmaz

Publisher:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Main Topics:

Agronomi | Tarımda Bitki Islahı

Journal:

Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.20 Issue 4, pp.740-754

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305429

pISSN:

1302-7050

Landraces

Durum wheat

Yield

QualityYerel çeşit

makarnalık buğday

tane verimi

kalite

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Hüsnü Aktaş | Abdurrahman Durmaz

Publisher: Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Main Topics: Agronomi | Tarımda Bitki Islahı

Journal: Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.20 Issue 4, pp.740-754

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 12/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001305429

pISSN: 1302-7050

Issues

Authors:

Hüsnü Aktaş | Abdurrahman Durmaz

Publisher:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Main Topics:

Agronomi | Tarımda Bitki Islahı

Journal:

Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.20 Issue 4, pp.740-754

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305429

pISSN:

1302-7050