A Longitudinal Analysis on Reverse Migration Thoughts of Turks in the Netherlands

Birsen Şahin Kütük; Gülhan Yaman Kahveci

Article Details

A Longitudinal Analysis on Reverse Migration Thoughts of Turks in the Netherlands

Authors:

Birsen Şahin Kütük | Gülhan Yaman Kahveci

Publisher:

Hacettepe University

Main Topics:

Göç Sosyolojisi

Journal:

Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları (HÜTAD) Issue 42, pp.181-196

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

5/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348615

pISSN:

1305-5992

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The migration from Turkey to Western European countries, which began with 1960s economic labor migration and continued with family reunification for socio-cultural reasons in the 1970s and marriages in the 1980s, has a sixty-year history. In 2000s, there was a significant increase in the rate of reverse migration from Western European countries to Turkey. This increase was generally associated with the migrants level of integration in the country of residence, education and income level and transnational ties with Turkey. This study discusses the thoughts of Turks in the Netherlands about reverse migration to Turkey. In the evolution of these thoughts, besides the socio-demographic factors, changes in the sense of belonging to the country of immigration and the effects of changes in the applied immigration policy were taken into account. In this context, the impact of the Dutch immigration policy on the idea of reverse migration to Turkey is discussed through the longitudinal analysis of the quantitative data of three field studies 2007, 2013 and 2016 conducted independently in separate periods, in the years following the change in immigration policy. The secondary analysis of the data of a total of 855 individuals from these three field studies was performed in the SPSS program. According to the results obtained within the framework of the research, it is possible to say that the weakening of the original identity and belonging is not very common among the Dutch Turks. Despite the passing of 60 years since migration began, the Turks living in the Netherlands continue to have ties with the homeland and their original identity, and they foster a positive view of living in Turkey, even if it remains in the realm of intentions.

 The migration from Turkey to Western European countries, which began with 1960s economic labor migration and continued with family reunification for socio-cultural reasons in the 1970s and marriages in the 1980s, has a sixty-year history. In 2000s, there was a significant increase in the rate of reverse migration from Western European countries to Turkey. This increase was generally associated with the migrants level of integration in the country of residence, education and income level and transnational ties with Turkey. This study discusses the thoughts of Turks in the Netherlands about reverse migration to Turkey. In the evolution of these thoughts, besides the socio-demographic factors, changes in the sense of belonging to the country of immigration and the effects of changes in the applied immigration policy were taken into account. In this context, the impact of the Dutch immigration policy on the idea of reverse migration to Turkey is discussed through the longitudinal analysis of the quantitative data of three field studies 2007, 2013 and 2016 conducted independently in separate periods, in the years following the change in immigration policy. The secondary analysis of the data of a total of 855 individuals from these three field studies was performed in the SPSS program. According to the results obtained within the framework of the research, it is possible to say that the weakening of the original identity and belonging is not very common among the Dutch Turks. Despite the passing of 60 years since migration began, the Turks living in the Netherlands continue to have ties with the homeland and their original identity, and they foster a positive view of living in Turkey, even if it remains in the realm of intentions.

 The migration from Turkey to Western European countries, which began with 1960s economic labor migration and continued with family reunification for socio-cultural reasons in the 1970s and marriages in the 1980s, has a sixty-year history. In 2000s, there was a significant increase in the rate of reverse migration from Western European countries to Turkey. This increase was generally associated with the migrants level of integration in the country of residence, education and income level and transnational ties with Turkey. This study discusses the thoughts of Turks in the Netherlands about reverse migration to Turkey. In the evolution of these thoughts, besides the socio-demographic factors, changes in the sense of belonging to the country of immigration and the effects of changes in the applied immigration policy were taken into account. In this context, the impact of the Dutch immigration policy on the idea of reverse migration to Turkey is discussed through the longitudinal analysis of the quantitative data of three field studies 2007, 2013 and 2016 conducted independently in separate periods, in the years following the change in immigration policy. The secondary analysis of the data of a total of 855 individuals from these three field studies was performed in the SPSS program. According to the results obtained within the framework of the research, it is possible to say that the weakening of the original identity and belonging is not very common among the Dutch Turks. Despite the passing of 60 years since migration began, the Turks living in the Netherlands continue to have ties with the homeland and their original identity, and they foster a positive view of living in Turkey, even if it remains in the realm of intentions.

 Türkiyeden Batı Avrupa ülkelerine 1960larda ekonomik temelli işçi göçleriyle başlayıp, sosyo-kültürel gerekçelerle 1970li yıllarda aile birleşimleri ve 1980li yıllarda ise evlilikler kanalıyla devam eden göç süreci altmış yıllık bir geçmişe sahiptir. 2000li yıllarda ise Batı Avrupa ülkelerinden Türkiyeye tersine göç oranında önemli bir artış görülmüştür. Bu artış genel olarak göçmenlerin, yaşadığı ülkeye entegrasyon düzeyi, eğitim durumu, gelir düzeyi ve Türkiye ile ulusötesi bağları ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Hollandadaki Türklerin Türkiyeye tersine göç konusundaki düşünceleri boylamsal olarak ele alınmıştır. Türkiyeye tersine göç düşüncesi ve bu düşüncenin yıllar içerisindeki değişiminde sosyo-demografik faktörler, göç edilen ülkeye duyulan aidiyet hissi ve uygulanan göçmen politikasındaki değişimler göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Bu çerçevede Hollandanın göçmen politikasının Türkiyeye tersine göç düşüncesi üzerindeki etkisi, göçmen politikalarında yaşanan değişimi takip eden yıllarda ve birbirinden bağımsız olarak ayrı dönemlerde gerçekleştirilen üç alan araştırmasının 2007, 2013 ve 2016 nicel verilerinin boylamsal analizi ile ortaya konmuştur. Bu üç alan araştırmasından elde edilen toplam 855 kişiye ait verilerin SPSS programında ikincil analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında ulaşılan sonuçlara göre; aslî kimlik ve aidiyetin zayıflaması durumu Hollandadaki Türkler arasında oldukça düşüktür. Aradan geçen 60 yıla rağmen Hollandada yaşayan Türklerin ana vatan ile olan bağları devam etmekte ve aslî kimliklerini devam ettirmektedirler. Türkiyede yaşama konusuna ise niyet olarak da olsa olumlu baktıklarını ifade etmek mümkündür.

Article Details

A Longitudinal Analysis on Reverse Migration Thoughts of Turks in the Netherlands

Authors:

Birsen Şahin Kütük | Gülhan Yaman Kahveci

Publisher:

Hacettepe University

Main Topics:

Göç Sosyolojisi

Journal:

Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları (HÜTAD) Issue 42, pp.181-196

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

5/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348615

pISSN:

1305-5992

Migration

return migration

return to homeland

transnational migration

Dutch Integration Law

Turks in the NetherlandsGöç

tersine göç

ana vatana geri dönüş

ulus-ötesi göç

Hollanda Uyum Yasası

Hollanda’daki Türkler

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Birsen Şahin Kütük | Gülhan Yaman Kahveci

Publisher: Hacettepe University

Main Topics: Göç Sosyolojisi

Journal: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları (HÜTAD) Issue 42, pp.181-196

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 5/2025

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001348615

pISSN: 1305-5992

Issues

Authors:

Birsen Şahin Kütük | Gülhan Yaman Kahveci

Publisher:

Hacettepe University

Main Topics:

Göç Sosyolojisi

Journal:

Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları (HÜTAD) Issue 42, pp.181-196

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

5/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348615

pISSN:

1305-5992