Investigation of Physical Properties of 20% Hemp Reinforced Polypropylene / Black Cumin / Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene Polymer Composite

Doğa Keleş; Duygu Balcı; Münir Taşdemir; Elif Ulutaş

Article Details

Investigation of Physical Properties of 20% Hemp Reinforced Polypropylene / Black Cumin / Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene Polymer Composite

Authors:

Doğa Keleş | Duygu Balcı | Münir Taşdemir | Elif Ulutaş

Publisher:

Gazi University

Main Topics:

Polimerler ve Plastikler

Journal:

Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji Vol.12 Issue 3, pp.464-474

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001328714

pISSN:

2147-9526

Keywords:

Abstract:

 In the polymer sector, the rapid depletion of natural resources, increasing environmental pollution, and rising amounts of raw materials are fundamental problems in todays world. Despite their high potential and properties, polymers contribute to environmental pollution and pose various challenges for sustainability due to their inability to be easily biodegraded through natural processes and being derived from finite sources like petroleum. This situation encourages scientists to explore new avenues for reducing the negative environmental impacts of polymers and enhancing sustainability. The production of environmentally friendly, low-cost, easily processed, and high-mechanical-performance materials with natural fiber reinforcement plays a significant role in this new quest. Among natural fiber sources, hemp stands out as an industrially and economically important material due to its sustainable and renewable nature, coupled with superior performance characteristics, contributing to sustainability goals. This study investigates the effects of the addition of black cumin and maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene MAPP on the physical properties of polypropylene composites reinforced with 20 hemp PP20 hemp. Ground black cumin is used at a weight percentage of 20 for each group. To ensure interfacial interaction between the components, MAPP is added in weight percentages of 5, 10, and 15, and the resulting polymer composites are melt-extruded. Subsequently, the polymer composites are pelletized and molded in accordance with standards using an injection machine. The test results examine the effects of black cumin and MAPP on density, moisture content determination, melt flow index MFI, heat deflection temperature HDT, and Vicat softening temperature values. Additionally, the distribution of black cumin, hemp, and MAPP within the PP matrix, as well as interfacial interactions, is observed using scanning electron microscopy SEM.

 In the polymer sector, the rapid depletion of natural resources, increasing environmental pollution, and rising amounts of raw materials are fundamental problems in todays world. Despite their high potential and properties, polymers contribute to environmental pollution and pose various challenges for sustainability due to their inability to be easily biodegraded through natural processes and being derived from finite sources like petroleum. This situation encourages scientists to explore new avenues for reducing the negative environmental impacts of polymers and enhancing sustainability. The production of environmentally friendly, low-cost, easily processed, and high-mechanical-performance materials with natural fiber reinforcement plays a significant role in this new quest. Among natural fiber sources, hemp stands out as an industrially and economically important material due to its sustainable and renewable nature, coupled with superior performance characteristics, contributing to sustainability goals. This study investigates the effects of the addition of black cumin and maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene MAPP on the physical properties of polypropylene composites reinforced with 20 hemp PP20 hemp. Ground black cumin is used at a weight percentage of 20 for each group. To ensure interfacial interaction between the components, MAPP is added in weight percentages of 5, 10, and 15, and the resulting polymer composites are melt-extruded. Subsequently, the polymer composites are pelletized and molded in accordance with standards using an injection machine. The test results examine the effects of black cumin and MAPP on density, moisture content determination, melt flow index MFI, heat deflection temperature HDT, and Vicat softening temperature values. Additionally, the distribution of black cumin, hemp, and MAPP within the PP matrix, as well as interfacial interactions, is observed using scanning electron microscopy SEM.

 In the polymer sector, the rapid depletion of natural resources, increasing environmental pollution, and rising amounts of raw materials are fundamental problems in todays world. Despite their high potential and properties, polymers contribute to environmental pollution and pose various challenges for sustainability due to their inability to be easily biodegraded through natural processes and being derived from finite sources like petroleum. This situation encourages scientists to explore new avenues for reducing the negative environmental impacts of polymers and enhancing sustainability. The production of environmentally friendly, low-cost, easily processed, and high-mechanical-performance materials with natural fiber reinforcement plays a significant role in this new quest. Among natural fiber sources, hemp stands out as an industrially and economically important material due to its sustainable and renewable nature, coupled with superior performance characteristics, contributing to sustainability goals. This study investigates the effects of the addition of black cumin and maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene MAPP on the physical properties of polypropylene composites reinforced with 20 hemp PP20 hemp. Ground black cumin is used at a weight percentage of 20 for each group. To ensure interfacial interaction between the components, MAPP is added in weight percentages of 5, 10, and 15, and the resulting polymer composites are melt-extruded. Subsequently, the polymer composites are pelletized and molded in accordance with standards using an injection machine. The test results examine the effects of black cumin and MAPP on density, moisture content determination, melt flow index MFI, heat deflection temperature HDT, and Vicat softening temperature values. Additionally, the distribution of black cumin, hemp, and MAPP within the PP matrix, as well as interfacial interactions, is observed using scanning electron microscopy SEM.

 Polimer sektöründe, doğal kaynakların hızla tükenmesi, çevre kirliliğinin artması ve artan ham madde miktarları günümüz dünyasının temel problemleridir. Yüksek potansiyel ve özelliklere sahip olmalarına rağmen polimerler doğal bir süreçle kolayca yok edilememeleri ve petrol kaynakları gibi tükenir kaynaklardan elde edilmeleri nedeniyle çevresel kirliliğe sebep olmakta ve sürdürülebilirlik açısından çeşitli sorunlar yaratmaktadır. Bu durum bilim insanlarını, polimerlerin olumsuz çevresel etkilerinin azaltılması ve sürdürülebilirliğin artırılması için yeni arayışlara teşvik etmektedir. Polimerlere doğal lif takviyesiyle çevre dostu, düşük maliyetli, işlenmesi kolay ve yüksek mekanik özelliklere sahip malzemeler üretilmesi, bu yeni arayışta önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Doğal lif kaynaklarından özellikle kenevir bitkisi, sürdürülebilir ve yenilenebilir doğası ile birlikte üstün performans özellikleri sayesinde endüstriyel ve ekonomik açıdan önemli bir malzeme olarak öne çıkmakta ve sürdürülebilirlik hedeflerine katkıda bulunmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada, doğal lif kaynağı olan çörek otunun ve maleik anhidrit aşılı polipropilenin MAPP, 20 kenevir takviyeli polipropilen PP20 kenevir polimer kompozitlerin fiziksel özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Her grup için ağırlıkça 20 oranında öğütülmüş çörek otu kullanılmıştır. Bileşenlerin arayüzey etkileşimini sağlamak için sırasıyla ağırlıkça 5, 10, 15 oranlarında MAPP ilave edilmiştir ve elde edilen polimer kompozitler, ekstrüderde eriyik haline getirilmiştir. Ardından polimer kompozitler granüle edilerek standartlara uygun ölçülerde enjeksiyon makinesinde kalıplanmıştır. Yapılan test sonuçlarında çörek otu ve MAPPnin; yoğunluk, nem oranı tayini, erime akış indeksi EAİ, ısıl çarpılma sıcaklığı HDT ve vicat yumuşama sıcaklığı değerleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca çörek otu, kenevir ve MAPPnin PP matris içerisindeki dağılımı ve arayüzey etkileşimleri taramalı elektron mikroskobu SEM ile gözlemlenmiştir.

Article Details

Investigation of Physical Properties of 20% Hemp Reinforced Polypropylene / Black Cumin / Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene Polymer Composite

Authors:

Doğa Keleş | Duygu Balcı | Münir Taşdemir | Elif Ulutaş

Publisher:

Gazi University

Main Topics:

Polimerler ve Plastikler

Journal:

Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji Vol.12 Issue 3, pp.464-474

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001328714

pISSN:

2147-9526

Polypropylene

black cumin

hemp

polymer composites

physical propertiesPolipropilen

çörek otu

kenevir

polimer kompozitler

fiziksel özellikler

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Doğa Keleş | Duygu Balcı | Münir Taşdemir | Elif Ulutaş

Publisher: Gazi University

Main Topics: Polimerler ve Plastikler

Journal: Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji Vol.12 Issue 3, pp.464-474

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 9/2024

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001328714

pISSN: 2147-9526

Issues

Authors:

Doğa Keleş | Duygu Balcı | Münir Taşdemir | Elif Ulutaş

Publisher:

Gazi University

Main Topics:

Polimerler ve Plastikler

Journal:

Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji Vol.12 Issue 3, pp.464-474

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001328714

pISSN:

2147-9526