Diagnostic Analysis of the Techniques of Carbonization in Togo ( West Africa )

J. K. Fontodji; M. S. Tagba; P. B. I. Akponikpe; K. Adjonou; A. Y. J. Akossou; G. Akouehou; A. D. Kokutse; Y. Nuto; K. Kokou

doi:10.14196/sjes.v2i6.1012

Article Details

Diagnostic Analysis of the Techniques of Carbonization in Togo ( West Africa )

Authors:

J. K. Fontodji | M. S. Tagba | P. B. I. Akponikpe | K. Adjonou | A. Y. J. Akossou | G. Akouehou | A. D. Kokutse | Y. Nuto | K. Kokou

Publisher:

Sjournals (Scientific Journals)

Main Topics:

Earth sciences

Journal:

Scientific Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013 vol.2 Issue 6, pp.106-117

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

11/2013

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

51081

Frequency:

Bi-Monthly

pISSN:

23225017

DOI:

10.14196/sjes.v2i6.1012

Descriptors:

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The annual average quantity of the produced charcoal in Togo is 419 963 tons. But the wood densities of species used for charcoal production as well as the optimal yield of the production techniques are badly known. The objectives of this study are i) to determine the wood densities of the used species (priorities and alternatives) in carbonization in Togo, ii) to compare the yield of the traditional mound kiln and casamance improved mound kiln in the context of Togo and iii) to determine the optimal distance between the blowholes of the casamance improved mound kiln for the carbonization of heavy and very heavy species. Wood densities of used species in carbonization in Togo are determined by the AFNOR method. The comparison of the yield of carbonization techniques and the determination of the optimal distance between the blowholes of the casamance improved mound kiln for the carbonization of heavy and very heavy woods are achieved by the trial of carbonization. The results show that the priority species belong to two classes of wood density (semi-heavy wood and very heavy wood) and the alternative species belong to the class of lightweight wood density. Moreover the yield of the casamance improved mound kiln is significantlysuperior to the one of the traditional mound kiln (p= 0, 000). At last, the distances of 1.5 meters, 2 meters, 2.5 meters and 3 meters between the blowholes of the casamance improved mound kiln give all the good mass yield. But it is 2 meters distances that give fewer unburnt wood.

Article Details

Diagnostic Analysis of the Techniques of Carbonization in Togo ( West Africa )

Authors:

J. K. Fontodji | M. S. Tagba | P. B. I. Akponikpe | K. Adjonou | A. Y. J. Akossou | G. Akouehou | A. D. Kokutse | Y. Nuto | K. Kokou

Publisher:

Sjournals (Scientific Journals)

Main Topics:

Earth sciences

Journal:

Scientific Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013 vol.2 Issue 6, pp.106-117

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

11/2013

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

51081

Frequency:

Bi-Monthly

pISSN:

23225017

DOI:

10.14196/sjes.v2i6.1012

Descriptors:

CARBONATION

WOOD

WOOD PROCESSING

COAL

ENERGY SOURCES

TOGO

Traditional Mound kiln

Casamance Improved Mound kiln

Charcoal

Wood Density

Blowholes

Togo

Issues

Article Details

Authors: J. K. Fontodji | M. S. Tagba | P. B. I. Akponikpe | K. Adjonou | A. Y. J. Akossou | G. Akouehou | A. D. Kokutse | Y. Nuto | K. Kokou

Publisher: Sjournals (Scientific Journals)

Main Topics: Earth sciences

Journal: Scientific Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013 vol.2 Issue 6, pp.106-117

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 11/2013

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 51081

Frequency: Bi-Monthly

pISSN: 23225017

DOI: 10.14196/sjes.v2i6.1012

Descriptors:

Issues

Authors:

J. K. Fontodji | M. S. Tagba | P. B. I. Akponikpe | K. Adjonou | A. Y. J. Akossou | G. Akouehou | A. D. Kokutse | Y. Nuto | K. Kokou

Publisher:

Sjournals (Scientific Journals)

Main Topics:

Earth sciences

Journal:

Scientific Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013 vol.2 Issue 6, pp.106-117

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

11/2013

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

51081

Frequency:

Bi-Monthly

pISSN:

23225017

DOI:

10.14196/sjes.v2i6.1012