THE CHARACTER OF ʿALĪ IN THE POEMS OF NĀSIR-I KHUSRAW AND SANĀ'Ī GHAZNAVĪ

Aygün Alizade

Article Details

THE CHARACTER OF ʿALĪ IN THE POEMS OF NĀSIR-I KHUSRAW AND SANĀ'Ī GHAZNAVĪ

Authors:

Aygün Alizade

Publisher:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar

Journal:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 106, pp.81-108

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2023

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001293051

pISSN:

1306-8253

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Ali ibn Abi Talib was a person with so great magnificence that almost all poets, especially those who wrote gnostic works, always tried to show peculiarities of his personality. Among these poets Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi should be mentioned specially. A comprehensive study of the character of Ali in works of Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi is subject to a voluminous research work. Main purpose of the article is particular research of every couplet devoted to Ali by Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi and detection of their sympathy for Ali. One of the poems written by Sanai Ghaznavi and praising Ali is Adoration for Ali ibn Abi Talib in the 24th Part of the 3rd Section of Hadigat al-Haqiqa va Shariat al-Tariqah The Garden of Truth and the Path to Trek. The research work includes study of Nasir Khusrows couplets in his Diwan with similar meaning, while Sanais abovementioned poem has been chosen as a basis for comparison. Personality of Ali is visualized while reading Sanais poem consisting of 187 couplets. After a brief research on life and works of the Ismaili poet Nasir Khusrow and the gnostic poet Sanai Ghaznavi, historical personalty and moral features of Ali has been subject to research in the article. Alis mutual relation with the Prophet, conquest of Khaybar, his valor in the battles of Jamal and Siffin and his Zulfiqar has been subject presented as his historical personality, while his wisdom, watchfulness, piety and generosity has been included in his moral features. Couplets of the poem have been organized systematically and in accordance with the topics. At the same time, the Nasir Khusrows relevant couplets also have been presented in this regard. Furthermore, the two poets couplets introducing and praising Ali ibn Abi Talib on the basis of Koranic verses and sayings of the Prophet have been subject to the study additionally. As a result of our studies, we can conclude that both Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi not only showed people Alis virtues and magnificence in every sphere, but also tried to assume that a close approach to Ali was necessary in order to learn and know Islamic rules, religious law and interpretation of Koran, as columns of the religion after the Prophets passing were the Book and his family. Sayings cited from the Prophet, Koranic verses and Nahj al-Balagha can show us that Ali was a person with high virtues. Devoting poems to Ali, Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi actually desired that all people take this perfect person an example for themselves. Only love to a God chosen prophet can pave the way for formation of a personality like Ali  an opinion that can be traced in the poems. As shown in the poems, Ali accumulated so many virtues in himself that the world became smaller and fitted tight for him. Sanai writes that Ali did not tie himself to the world with strong ties and so he was really free and such a free spirit bestowed him the mentioned virtues. Nasir Khusrow, in his turn, goes further, naming Ali the rope of God and calling readers to drop the rope of the world and to catch Alis rope.

 Ali ibn Abi Talib was a person with so great magnificence that almost all poets, especially those who wrote gnostic works, always tried to show peculiarities of his personality. Among these poets Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi should be mentioned specially. A comprehensive study of the character of Ali in works of Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi is subject to a voluminous research work. Main purpose of the article is particular research of every couplet devoted to Ali by Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi and detection of their sympathy for Ali. One of the poems written by Sanai Ghaznavi and praising Ali is Adoration for Ali ibn Abi Talib in the 24th Part of the 3rd Section of Hadigat al-Haqiqa va Shariat al-Tariqah The Garden of Truth and the Path to Trek. The research work includes study of Nasir Khusrows couplets in his Diwan with similar meaning, while Sanais abovementioned poem has been chosen as a basis for comparison. Personality of Ali is visualized while reading Sanais poem consisting of 187 couplets. After a brief research on life and works of the Ismaili poet Nasir Khusrow and the gnostic poet Sanai Ghaznavi, historical personalty and moral features of Ali has been subject to research in the article. Alis mutual relation with the Prophet, conquest of Khaybar, his valor in the battles of Jamal and Siffin and his Zulfiqar has been subject presented as his historical personality, while his wisdom, watchfulness, piety and generosity has been included in his moral features. Couplets of the poem have been organized systematically and in accordance with the topics. At the same time, the Nasir Khusrows relevant couplets also have been presented in this regard. Furthermore, the two poets couplets introducing and praising Ali ibn Abi Talib on the basis of Koranic verses and sayings of the Prophet have been subject to the study additionally. As a result of our studies, we can conclude that both Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi not only showed people Alis virtues and magnificence in every sphere, but also tried to assume that a close approach to Ali was necessary in order to learn and know Islamic rules, religious law and interpretation of Koran, as columns of the religion after the Prophets passing were the Book and his family. Sayings cited from the Prophet, Koranic verses and Nahj al-Balagha can show us that Ali was a person with high virtues. Devoting poems to Ali, Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi actually desired that all people take this perfect person an example for themselves. Only love to a God chosen prophet can pave the way for formation of a personality like Ali  an opinion that can be traced in the poems. As shown in the poems, Ali accumulated so many virtues in himself that the world became smaller and fitted tight for him. Sanai writes that Ali did not tie himself to the world with strong ties and so he was really free and such a free spirit bestowed him the mentioned virtues. Nasir Khusrow, in his turn, goes further, naming Ali the rope of God and calling readers to drop the rope of the world and to catch Alis rope.

 Ali ibn Abi Talib was a person with so great magnificence that almost all poets, especially those who wrote gnostic works, always tried to show peculiarities of his personality. Among these poets Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi should be mentioned specially. A comprehensive study of the character of Ali in works of Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi is subject to a voluminous research work. Main purpose of the article is particular research of every couplet devoted to Ali by Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi and detection of their sympathy for Ali. One of the poems written by Sanai Ghaznavi and praising Ali is Adoration for Ali ibn Abi Talib in the 24th Part of the 3rd Section of Hadigat al-Haqiqa va Shariat al-Tariqah The Garden of Truth and the Path to Trek. The research work includes study of Nasir Khusrows couplets in his Diwan with similar meaning, while Sanais abovementioned poem has been chosen as a basis for comparison. Personality of Ali is visualized while reading Sanais poem consisting of 187 couplets. After a brief research on life and works of the Ismaili poet Nasir Khusrow and the gnostic poet Sanai Ghaznavi, historical personalty and moral features of Ali has been subject to research in the article. Alis mutual relation with the Prophet, conquest of Khaybar, his valor in the battles of Jamal and Siffin and his Zulfiqar has been subject presented as his historical personality, while his wisdom, watchfulness, piety and generosity has been included in his moral features. Couplets of the poem have been organized systematically and in accordance with the topics. At the same time, the Nasir Khusrows relevant couplets also have been presented in this regard. Furthermore, the two poets couplets introducing and praising Ali ibn Abi Talib on the basis of Koranic verses and sayings of the Prophet have been subject to the study additionally. As a result of our studies, we can conclude that both Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi not only showed people Alis virtues and magnificence in every sphere, but also tried to assume that a close approach to Ali was necessary in order to learn and know Islamic rules, religious law and interpretation of Koran, as columns of the religion after the Prophets passing were the Book and his family. Sayings cited from the Prophet, Koranic verses and Nahj al-Balagha can show us that Ali was a person with high virtues. Devoting poems to Ali, Nasir Khusrow and Sanai Ghaznavi actually desired that all people take this perfect person an example for themselves. Only love to a God chosen prophet can pave the way for formation of a personality like Ali  an opinion that can be traced in the poems. As shown in the poems, Ali accumulated so many virtues in himself that the world became smaller and fitted tight for him. Sanai writes that Ali did not tie himself to the world with strong ties and so he was really free and such a free spirit bestowed him the mentioned virtues. Nasir Khusrow, in his turn, goes further, naming Ali the rope of God and calling readers to drop the rope of the world and to catch Alis rope.

 Hz. Ali o kadar muhteşem bir şahsiyetti ki, başta irfan alanında eser yazanlar olmak üzere hemen hemen bütün şairler onun şahsiyetinin özelliklerini göstermeye çalışmışlardır. Bu şairler arasında Nasır Hosrov ve Senai Gaznevinin adları özellikle anılmalıdır. Nasır Hosrov ve Senai Gaznevinin eserlerindeki Ali imajının kapsamlı bir incelemesi, büyük bir araştırma çalışmasının konusudur. Bu makalenin yazılmasındaki temel amaç, Nasır Hosrov ve Senai Gaznevinin Hz. Ali ile ilgili beyitlerini tek tek incelemek ve böylece şairlerin Hz. Aliye olan sevgisini ortaya koymaktır. Senai Gaznevinin Hz. Aliyi öven eserlerinden biri de Hadikatül-Hakika ve Şeriatül-Tarika adlı eserinin 3. babının 24. bölümünde yer alan Emirül-Muminin Ali ibn Ebu Talibin Övgüsüdür. Bu çalışmada şairler arasında bir karşılaştırma yapabilmek için Senainin şiiri esas alınmış ve Nasır Hosrovun Divanından anlam bakımından örtüşen mısralar çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Senainin 187 beyitten oluşan şiirini okurken Hz. Alinin kişiliği okurların gözleri önünde canlanır. İsmaili şair Nasir Hosrov ve irfan şairi Senai Gaznevinin hayatı ve eserleri hakkında kısa bir inceleme yapıldıktan sonra, adı geçen şiirde Hz. Alinin tarihi karakteri ve manevi nitelikleri incelenmiştir. Ali ibn Ebu Talibin tarihi şahsiyetinde Peygamber ile olan ilişkisi, Hayber kalesini fethi, Cemal, Sıffin savaşlarındaki yiğitliği, Zülfügarı, manevî niteliklerinde ise ilmi, hilmi, zühd ve ihsanında cömertliği araştırma konusudur. Şiirin mısraları, konu sırasına göre her konuya göre sistematik olarak düzenlenmiştir. Aynı zamanda Nasir Hosrovun yazdığı beyitlere de yer ayrılmıştır. Bununla birlikte her iki şairin Ali ibn Ebu Talibi tanıtmak için kullandıkları ayet ve hadislere dayalı beyitler de ayrıyeten bu çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda hem Nasır Hosrov hem de Senai Gaznevinin Alinin gücünü her alanda göstermek dışında İslami kuralları, şeriat kanunlarını ve Kuranın tefsirini bilmek için ilim kapısı olan Hz. Aliye yakın olmanın gerekliliğini insanlara göstermeye çalıştıkları sonucuna vardık. Çünkü peygamberden sonra dinin temelleri onun kitabına ve ailesine dayanmıştır. Peygamberden rivayet edilen hadisler, Kuran ayetleri ve Nehcül-Belağa ile Hz. Alinin ne kadar büyük bir insan olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Nasır Hosrov ve Senai Gaznevi, Hz. Aliye şiir ithaf ederek tüm insanların bu mükemmel insanı örnek almasını istemişler. Hz. Ali gibi bir şahsiyetin oluşmasına ancak Allahın seçilmiş peygamberine duyulan aşk yol açabilir ki bu şiirlerde de görülmektedir. Alinin çok manevî özelliği olduğu ve bundan dolayı dünyanın ona dar geldiği şiirlerden bilinmektedir. Senai, Alinin dünyaya iplerle bağlı olmadığı için kelimenin tam anlamıyla hür olduğunu ve bu hür ruhun ona söz konusu faziletleri sağladığını göstermektedir. Nasir Hosrov daha da ileri giderek Hz. Aliye Allahın ipi adını vermiş ve okurlarına dünyanın iplerinden ayrılıp onun ipine sarılmalarını tavsiye etmiştir.

Article Details

THE CHARACTER OF ʿALĪ IN THE POEMS OF NĀSIR-I KHUSRAW AND SANĀ'Ī GHAZNAVĪ

Authors:

Aygün Alizade

Publisher:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar

Journal:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 106, pp.81-108

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2023

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001293051

pISSN:

1306-8253

Literature

Nasir Khusrow

Sanai Ghaznavi

Poem

Imam Ali

Historical Figure

Moral Features.Edebiyat

Nasır Hosrov

Senai Gaznevi

Şiir

Hz. Ali

Tarihsel Kişilik

Ahlaki Nitelikler.

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Aygün Alizade

Publisher: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics: Bölgesel Çalışmalar

Journal: Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 106, pp.81-108

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 3/2023

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001293051

pISSN: 1306-8253

Issues

Authors:

Aygün Alizade

Publisher:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics:

Bölgesel Çalışmalar

Journal:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 106, pp.81-108

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2023

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001293051

pISSN:

1306-8253