THE EFFECTS OF DEMOCRATIZATION LEVEL ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Ömer Faruk Biçen

Article Details

THE EFFECTS OF DEMOCRATIZATION LEVEL ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Authors:

Ömer Faruk Biçen

Publisher:

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Main Topics:

Kalkınma Ekonomisi - Makro

Journal:

Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.19 Issue 2, pp.149-160

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001337564

pISSN:

2564-680X

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Countries levels of economic development and democracy are closely related. This study investigates the relationship between economic development and the democratization level in 71 countries from 2002 to 2022. Apart from the overall group, countries are also deliberated under the subgroups of Central and South America, South and Southeast Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa. The study used two democratic indicators: the political rights index dem1 and the arithmetic average of the civil liberties and political rights index values dem2. Only the overall groups dem1 variable was found to be negatively significant based on the estimate findings produced within the context of the Least Squares Dummy Variable Corrected LSDVC method. According to dem2 data, democracy boosts economic development not only in the overall group but also in Sub-Saharan Africa. The robust estimate findings showed that in Sub-Saharan African countries as well as the overall group, the coefficients of both dem1 and dem2 were significant and negative. Economic development is not supported by the democratization level based on civil liberties and political rights in countries in South and Southeast Asia, Central America, and Asia.

 Countries levels of economic development and democracy are closely related. This study investigates the relationship between economic development and the democratization level in 71 countries from 2002 to 2022. Apart from the overall group, countries are also deliberated under the subgroups of Central and South America, South and Southeast Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa. The study used two democratic indicators: the political rights index dem1 and the arithmetic average of the civil liberties and political rights index values dem2. Only the overall groups dem1 variable was found to be negatively significant based on the estimate findings produced within the context of the Least Squares Dummy Variable Corrected LSDVC method. According to dem2 data, democracy boosts economic development not only in the overall group but also in Sub-Saharan Africa. The robust estimate findings showed that in Sub-Saharan African countries as well as the overall group, the coefficients of both dem1 and dem2 were significant and negative. Economic development is not supported by the democratization level based on civil liberties and political rights in countries in South and Southeast Asia, Central America, and Asia.

 Countries levels of economic development and democracy are closely related. This study investigates the relationship between economic development and the democratization level in 71 countries from 2002 to 2022. Apart from the overall group, countries are also deliberated under the subgroups of Central and South America, South and Southeast Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa. The study used two democratic indicators: the political rights index dem1 and the arithmetic average of the civil liberties and political rights index values dem2. Only the overall groups dem1 variable was found to be negatively significant based on the estimate findings produced within the context of the Least Squares Dummy Variable Corrected LSDVC method. According to dem2 data, democracy boosts economic development not only in the overall group but also in Sub-Saharan Africa. The robust estimate findings showed that in Sub-Saharan African countries as well as the overall group, the coefficients of both dem1 and dem2 were significant and negative. Economic development is not supported by the democratization level based on civil liberties and political rights in countries in South and Southeast Asia, Central America, and Asia.

 Ülkelerin demokratikleşme düzeyi ile iktisadi kalkınma düzeyleri arasında yakın bir ilişki mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada, 2002-2022 yılları arasında 71 ülkede demokratikleşme düzeyinin iktisadi kalkınma üzerindeki etkileri incelenmektedir. Ülkeler, tüm ülkeler grubuna ilave olarak Sahra-Altı Afrika, Orta ve Güney Amerika ile Güney ve Güneydoğu Asya alt grupları çerçevesinde de ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan demokratikleşme göstergeleri; politik haklar endeksi dem1 ile politik haklar ve sivil özgürlükler endeks değerlerinin aritmetik ortalamasıdır dem2. Sapması düzeltilmiş kukla değişkenli en küçük kareler yöntemi LSDVC çerçevesinde elde edilen tahmin sonuçları dem1 değişkeninin yalnızca tüm ülkeler grubu için negatif ve anlamlı olduğunu göstermiştir. dem2ye ait sonuçlar ise tüm ülkeler grubuna ilave olarak Sahra-altı Afrika ülkelerinde de demokratikleşmenin iktisadi kalkınmaya olumlu katkıda bulunduğunu doğrulamaktadır. Dirençli tahmin sonuçları incelendiğinde ise tüm ülkeler grubunda ve Sahra-altı Afrika ülkelerinde hem dem1 hem de dem2ye ait katsayılar negatif ve anlamlı bulunmuştur. Orta ve Güney Amerika ülkeleri ve Güney ve Güneydoğu Asya ülkelerinde ise politik haklar ve sivil özgürlükler temelinde ele alınan demokratikleşme düzeyi iktisadi kalkınmayı desteklememektedir.

Article Details

THE EFFECTS OF DEMOCRATIZATION LEVEL ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Authors:

Ömer Faruk Biçen

Publisher:

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Main Topics:

Kalkınma Ekonomisi - Makro

Journal:

Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.19 Issue 2, pp.149-160

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001337564

pISSN:

2564-680X

Democratization Level

Economic Development

Least Squares Dummy Variable Corrected

Political Rights

Civil LibertiesDemokratikleşme Düzeyi

İktisadi Kalkınma

Sapması Düzeltilmiş Kukla Değişkenli En Küçük Kareler Yöntemi

Politik Haklar

Sivil Özgürlükler

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Ömer Faruk Biçen

Publisher: Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Main Topics: Kalkınma Ekonomisi - Makro

Journal: Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.19 Issue 2, pp.149-160

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 12/2024

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001337564

pISSN: 2564-680X

Issues

Authors:

Ömer Faruk Biçen

Publisher:

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Main Topics:

Kalkınma Ekonomisi - Makro

Journal:

Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.19 Issue 2, pp.149-160

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001337564

pISSN:

2564-680X