Glass Perfume Bottles Produced in Core-Formed Technique From Mardin Museum

Kasım Eker; Ali Yalçın Tavukçu

Article Details

Glass Perfume Bottles Produced in Core-Formed Technique From Mardin Museum

Authors:

Kasım Eker | Ali Yalçın Tavukçu

Publisher:

Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University

Main Topics:

Arkeoloji Bilimi

Journal:

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.36-48

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334178

pISSN:

2667-4424

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Perfume is of material, cultural, and social importance alike in human history. In day-to-day life, it has been a part of sacred ceremonies funerals, marriage, and worship, food, and fabrics to prevent bad odours and the creation of an effect of beauty. Perfume, obtained from the combination of oils and fragrant materials that have the capacity to revive emotions and memories, has been redefined by blending different essential oils and chemical components in certain ratios since the 19th century, laying the foundations of modern perfumery and becoming an integral part of cultural and social life. Aristocrats were the initial users of perfumes, and the material spread to society at large over time. Due to the high cost of fragrances, the bottle containers had elaborate workmanship in Antiquity for purposes of effective preservation. While terracotta bottles were used to preserve the perfumes produced from the 4th millennium BC onwards, the variety of forms increased with the production of glass vessels from 1550 BC onwards; amphoriskos, alabastron, aryballos and oinokhoe are some of the vessels used. The aim of this article is to identify the glass perfume bottles made with the inner mould technique in the Mardin Museum Collection and to evaluate the ancient glass production and trade in and around Mardin. The article examines three glass perfume bottles made with the inner moulding technique preserved in the Mardin Museum. The bottles in the form of alabastron and amphoriskos were acquired by purchase. The colours of these vessels are black, opaque white, cobalt blue and yellow. The artifacts were dated by comparing them with similar examples in terms of materials, form, and decoration. Since similar examples are not frequently encountered especially in Anatolia, it will be useful to bring them to the world of science with this study.

 Perfume is of material, cultural, and social importance alike in human history. In day-to-day life, it has been a part of sacred ceremonies funerals, marriage, and worship, food, and fabrics to prevent bad odours and the creation of an effect of beauty. Perfume, obtained from the combination of oils and fragrant materials that have the capacity to revive emotions and memories, has been redefined by blending different essential oils and chemical components in certain ratios since the 19th century, laying the foundations of modern perfumery and becoming an integral part of cultural and social life. Aristocrats were the initial users of perfumes, and the material spread to society at large over time. Due to the high cost of fragrances, the bottle containers had elaborate workmanship in Antiquity for purposes of effective preservation. While terracotta bottles were used to preserve the perfumes produced from the 4th millennium BC onwards, the variety of forms increased with the production of glass vessels from 1550 BC onwards; amphoriskos, alabastron, aryballos and oinokhoe are some of the vessels used. The aim of this article is to identify the glass perfume bottles made with the inner mould technique in the Mardin Museum Collection and to evaluate the ancient glass production and trade in and around Mardin. The article examines three glass perfume bottles made with the inner moulding technique preserved in the Mardin Museum. The bottles in the form of alabastron and amphoriskos were acquired by purchase. The colours of these vessels are black, opaque white, cobalt blue and yellow. The artifacts were dated by comparing them with similar examples in terms of materials, form, and decoration. Since similar examples are not frequently encountered especially in Anatolia, it will be useful to bring them to the world of science with this study.

 Perfume is of material, cultural, and social importance alike in human history. In day-to-day life, it has been a part of sacred ceremonies funerals, marriage, and worship, food, and fabrics to prevent bad odours and the creation of an effect of beauty. Perfume, obtained from the combination of oils and fragrant materials that have the capacity to revive emotions and memories, has been redefined by blending different essential oils and chemical components in certain ratios since the 19th century, laying the foundations of modern perfumery and becoming an integral part of cultural and social life. Aristocrats were the initial users of perfumes, and the material spread to society at large over time. Due to the high cost of fragrances, the bottle containers had elaborate workmanship in Antiquity for purposes of effective preservation. While terracotta bottles were used to preserve the perfumes produced from the 4th millennium BC onwards, the variety of forms increased with the production of glass vessels from 1550 BC onwards; amphoriskos, alabastron, aryballos and oinokhoe are some of the vessels used. The aim of this article is to identify the glass perfume bottles made with the inner mould technique in the Mardin Museum Collection and to evaluate the ancient glass production and trade in and around Mardin. The article examines three glass perfume bottles made with the inner moulding technique preserved in the Mardin Museum. The bottles in the form of alabastron and amphoriskos were acquired by purchase. The colours of these vessels are black, opaque white, cobalt blue and yellow. The artifacts were dated by comparing them with similar examples in terms of materials, form, and decoration. Since similar examples are not frequently encountered especially in Anatolia, it will be useful to bring them to the world of science with this study.

 Parfüm, insanlık tarihi boyunca hem kültürel hem de sosyal öneme sahip bir malzemedir. Gündelik hayatta, kötü kokuların engellenmesi ve güzel etki yaratmak amacıyla, kutsal törenlerde cenaze, evlilik ve ibadet, yemeklerde ve kumaşlarda kullanılmıştır. Duyguları ve anıları canlandırma kapasitesine sahip yağlar ile güzel kokulu malzemelerin birleşmesinden elde edilen parfüm 19. yüzyıldan itibaren farklı esansiyel yağlar ve kimyasal bileşenlerin belirli oranlar içerisinde harmanlanmasıyla yeniden tanımlanmış, modern parfümerinin temelleri atılarak, kültürel ve toplumsal yaşamın ayrılmaz bir parçası hâline gelmiştir. Parfüm başlangıçta aristokratlar tarafından kullanılmış, zamanla tüm topluma yayılmıştır. Kokuların pahalı olması nedeniyle, Antik Dönemde şişelerin özenli işçiliğe sahip olduğu görülmektedir. MÖ 4. binden itibaren üretilen parfümlerin korunmasında pişmiş topraktan şişeler kullanılırken, MÖ 1550lerden itibaren cam kapların üretilmeye başlamasıyla birlikte form çeşitliliği artmıştır; amphoriskos, alabastron, aryballos ve oinokhoe kullanılan kaplardan bazılarıdır. Bu makalenin amacı Mardin Müzesi Koleksiyonundaki iç kalıp tekniği ile yapılmış cam parfüm şişelerinin tanınması, Mardin ve çevresinde Antik Dönem cam üretimi ve ticaretinin değerlendirilmesidir. Mardin Müzesinde korunan iç kalıp tekniğinde üretilen üç adet cam parfüm şişesi incelenmiştir. Alabastron ve amphoriskos formundaki şişeler satın alma yolu ile müzeye kazandırılmıştır. Bu kaplarda siyah, opak beyaz, kobalt mavisi ve sarı renkler kullanılmıştır. Malzemeler, form ve bezeme açısından benzer örneklerle karşılaştırılarak tarihlendirilen eserlerin benzer örneklerine özellikle Anadoluda çok sık rastlanmadığından bu çalışma ile bilim dünyasına kazandırılması faydalı olacaktır.

Article Details

Glass Perfume Bottles Produced in Core-Formed Technique From Mardin Museum

Authors:

Kasım Eker | Ali Yalçın Tavukçu

Publisher:

Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University

Main Topics:

Arkeoloji Bilimi

Journal:

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.36-48

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334178

pISSN:

2667-4424

Mardin Museum

Glass

Perfume bottle

Core-Formed Techniqueİç kalıp Tekniği

Mardin Müzesi

Cam

Parfüm şişesi

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Kasım Eker | Ali Yalçın Tavukçu

Publisher: Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University

Main Topics: Arkeoloji Bilimi

Journal: Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.36-48

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 6/2025

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001334178

pISSN: 2667-4424

Issues

Authors:

Kasım Eker | Ali Yalçın Tavukçu

Publisher:

Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University

Main Topics:

Arkeoloji Bilimi

Journal:

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.36-48

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334178

pISSN:

2667-4424