Assessment of Groundwater Quality in the Semel District of Duhok City, Iraq : Implications for Agriculture and Aquaculture

Tahir , Bawar Sh.; Kareem , Idrees Majeed

Article Details

Assessment of Groundwater Quality in the Semel District of Duhok City, Iraq : Implications for Agriculture and Aquaculture

Authors:

Tahir , Bawar Sh. | Kareem , Idrees Majeed

Publisher:

Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health

Main Topics:

Biology

Journal:

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 2024 Vol.28 Issue 5, pp.685-699

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

272421

Frequency:

Quarterly

pISSN:

11106131

Descriptors:

Keywords:

Abstract:

 This study aimed to assess the water quality in the Semel district of Duhok City, Iraq, a key area for agriculture and animal farming. The physical and chemical parameters, including turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity (E.C.), total dissolved solids (T.D.S.), nitrate (NO₃⁻), total alkalinity (T. Al), total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺), chloride (Cl⁻), sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), and sulfate (SO-4), were measured in 40 wells, which serve as the primary water source for the region. The results were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines to assess compliance and safety. While most physical and chemical parameters were within safe limits, some samples showed elevated levels of NO₃⁻, T. Al, and T.H, exceeding the permissible limits for drinking water. The water quality index (WQI) values ranged from 19.8 to 39.59, classifying all samples as "Excellent" or "Good." The findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring and management to ensure the safety and sustainability of groundwater in the Semel district. Groundwater resources play a crucial role in meeting the region's water demands, particularly for drinking, irrigation, and other domestic uses. However, the increasing reliance on groundwater necessitates regular assessments to evaluate its quantity and quality.

Article Details

Assessment of Groundwater Quality in the Semel District of Duhok City, Iraq : Implications for Agriculture and Aquaculture

Authors:

Tahir , Bawar Sh. | Kareem , Idrees Majeed

Publisher:

Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health

Main Topics:

Biology

Journal:

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 2024 Vol.28 Issue 5, pp.685-699

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

272421

Frequency:

Quarterly

pISSN:

11106131

Descriptors:

WATER QUALITY

GROUNDWATER

AQUACULTURE

AGRICULTURE

IRAQ

Groundwater Quality

Semel District

Water Quality Index (WQI)

WHO Guidelines

Agricultural Area

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Tahir , Bawar Sh. | Kareem , Idrees Majeed

Publisher: Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health

Main Topics: Biology

Journal: Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 2024 Vol.28 Issue 5, pp.685-699

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 10/2024

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 272421

Frequency: Quarterly

pISSN: 11106131

Descriptors:

Issues

Authors:

Tahir , Bawar Sh. | Kareem , Idrees Majeed

Publisher:

Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health

Main Topics:

Biology

Journal:

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 2024 Vol.28 Issue 5, pp.685-699

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

10/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

272421

Frequency:

Quarterly

pISSN:

11106131