Formal Requirement of Cheques in the Light of Recent Legislation

Selman Yavuz Gökce

Article Details

Formal Requirement of Cheques in the Light of Recent Legislation

Authors:

Selman Yavuz Gökce

Publisher:

Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics:

Ticaret Hukuku (Diğer)

Journal:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 1, pp.953-979

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350027

pISSN:

2146-7129

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Cheque, which is one of the bills of exchange, is frequently used in business life and is generally used for the payment of a debt. Unlike other bills of exchange, a cheque is not a credit instrument but a means of payment. In our legal system, as a rule, freedom of form principle is valid in the establishment of debt relations. In other words, the rule is that many debt relationships, whether specified in laws or not, do not require a specific form. However, in the case of checks, which is a type of incurring debt and hold significant practical importance, the situation is quite the opposite. It should be noted that bills of exchange, especially cheques, are subject to strict formal requirements. These formal requirements are so crucial that the legislator has enacted a separate law on cheques and stipulated certain formal requirements in this law. On the other hand, the absence of the elements specified in this law will not affect the validity of a cheque, provided that the elements required under the TCC are present. Therefore, the study has been specialised to the provisions of the TCC regarding the formal requirements of the cheque. The elements that must be present in a cheque are specified in Article 780 of the TCC.

 Cheque, which is one of the bills of exchange, is frequently used in business life and is generally used for the payment of a debt. Unlike other bills of exchange, a cheque is not a credit instrument but a means of payment. In our legal system, as a rule, freedom of form principle is valid in the establishment of debt relations. In other words, the rule is that many debt relationships, whether specified in laws or not, do not require a specific form. However, in the case of checks, which is a type of incurring debt and hold significant practical importance, the situation is quite the opposite. It should be noted that bills of exchange, especially cheques, are subject to strict formal requirements. These formal requirements are so crucial that the legislator has enacted a separate law on cheques and stipulated certain formal requirements in this law. On the other hand, the absence of the elements specified in this law will not affect the validity of a cheque, provided that the elements required under the TCC are present. Therefore, the study has been specialised to the provisions of the TCC regarding the formal requirements of the cheque. The elements that must be present in a cheque are specified in Article 780 of the TCC.

 Cheque, which is one of the bills of exchange, is frequently used in business life and is generally used for the payment of a debt. Unlike other bills of exchange, a cheque is not a credit instrument but a means of payment. In our legal system, as a rule, freedom of form principle is valid in the establishment of debt relations. In other words, the rule is that many debt relationships, whether specified in laws or not, do not require a specific form. However, in the case of checks, which is a type of incurring debt and hold significant practical importance, the situation is quite the opposite. It should be noted that bills of exchange, especially cheques, are subject to strict formal requirements. These formal requirements are so crucial that the legislator has enacted a separate law on cheques and stipulated certain formal requirements in this law. On the other hand, the absence of the elements specified in this law will not affect the validity of a cheque, provided that the elements required under the TCC are present. Therefore, the study has been specialised to the provisions of the TCC regarding the formal requirements of the cheque. The elements that must be present in a cheque are specified in Article 780 of the TCC.

 Kambiyo senetlerinden olan çek ticari hayatta sıklıkla kullanılır ve genellikle bir borcun ödenmesi için kullanılır. Diğer kambiyo senetleri olan poliçe ve bonodan farklı olarak, çek bir kredi aracı değil, ödeme aracıdır. Hukukumuzda borç ilişkilerinin kurulmasında kural olarak şekil serbestisi geçerlidir. Başka bir anlatımla, kanunlarda yer alan veya almayan birçok borç ilişkisinin tesis edilmesinde kural, şekle tabi olmamaktır. Bununla beraber borç altına girmenin bir çeşidi olan ve uygulamada önemli bir yer tutan çekte ise durum tam tersidir. Kambiyo senetlerinin, özellikle de çekin sıkı şekil şartlarına tabi olduğunu belirtmek gerekir. Bu şekil şartları o derecede önemlidir ki, kanun koyucu çeke ilişkin olarak ayrı bir kanun sevk etmiş ve bu kanunda da bir takım şekil şartlarını öngörmüştür. Öte yandan, söz konusu kanunda belirtilen unsurların eksikliği, TTKda aranan unsurların bulunması kaydıyla bir çekin geçerliliğini etkilemeyecektir. Bu nedenle çalışma, çekin şekil şartlarına ilişkin olarak TTK hükümlerine hasredilmiştir. Çekte bulunması gereken unsurlar TTK m. 780de gösterilmiştir. Bu unsurları içermeyen çekler, 781. maddede gösterilen ayrıksı durumlar hariç olmak üzere, çek niteliğini kazanamaz.

Article Details

Formal Requirement of Cheques in the Light of Recent Legislation

Authors:

Selman Yavuz Gökce

Publisher:

Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics:

Ticaret Hukuku (Diğer)

Journal:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 1, pp.953-979

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350027

pISSN:

2146-7129

Negotiable Instrument

Bills of Exchange

Cheque

Formal RequirementKıymetli Evrak

Kambiyo Senetleri

Çek

Şekil Şartı

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Selman Yavuz Gökce

Publisher: Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics: Ticaret Hukuku (Diğer)

Journal: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 1, pp.953-979

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 6/2025

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001350027

pISSN: 2146-7129

Issues

Authors:

Selman Yavuz Gökce

Publisher:

Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics:

Ticaret Hukuku (Diğer)

Journal:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 1, pp.953-979

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

6/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350027

pISSN:

2146-7129