IMPROVEMENT EFFORTS IN TURKISH AGRICULTURE: TAHSİN BEY’S REPORT ON ITALY, FRENCH, GERMANY, AUSTRIA, HUNGARY

Neslihan Bolat Bozaslan

Article Details

IMPROVEMENT EFFORTS IN TURKISH AGRICULTURE: TAHSİN BEY’S REPORT ON ITALY, FRENCH, GERMANY, AUSTRIA, HUNGARY

Authors:

Neslihan Bolat Bozaslan

Publisher:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Main Topics:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Journal:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 44, pp.40-58

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001358107

pISSN:

2147-2610

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Agriculture constitutes the basis of nutrition and shelter, which are the most basic needs of humanity. The basic aim of all states established in the world is to meet the basic needs of their citizens. While doing this, it is aimed to provide it by using its own countrys resources as much as possible without being dependent on the outside. The Republic of Turkey has also acted in line with this goal since the day it was founded. While trying to meet the basic needs of its citizens on the one hand, it has adopted the principle of doing this without being dependent on the outside. The basis of our agricultural cause is based on the principle of self-sufficiency. For this purpose, since 1922, when the enemy was expelled from the country, the countrys agriculture has been examined under the leadership of Atatürk and some arrangements have been made for its improvement. First, legal arrangements were made and work was started. In this context, the tithe tax was abolished and the situation of farmers being under a heavy tax burden was eliminated. Then, mechanization in agriculture was encouraged. Land was given to landless farmers and mechanized agriculture was encouraged. Credit opportunities were provided so that farmers could meet their needs. The number of agricultural schools was increased. Students were sent to European countries to specialize in agriculture. In addition, delegations were sent to examine the agriculture of developed countries, and efforts were made to give direction to the countrys agriculture in line with the reports of these delegations. One of these reports was the report of Tahsin Bey, who would later be assigned to the Atatürk Forest Farm. When Tahsin Beys report is examined, it is possible to clearly see its impact on the regulations regarding agriculture in our country. This study focuses on the report prepared by Tahsin Bey after examining the agriculture of Italy, France, Germany, Austria and Hungary.

 Agriculture constitutes the basis of nutrition and shelter, which are the most basic needs of humanity. The basic aim of all states established in the world is to meet the basic needs of their citizens. While doing this, it is aimed to provide it by using its own countrys resources as much as possible without being dependent on the outside. The Republic of Turkey has also acted in line with this goal since the day it was founded. While trying to meet the basic needs of its citizens on the one hand, it has adopted the principle of doing this without being dependent on the outside. The basis of our agricultural cause is based on the principle of self-sufficiency. For this purpose, since 1922, when the enemy was expelled from the country, the countrys agriculture has been examined under the leadership of Atatürk and some arrangements have been made for its improvement. First, legal arrangements were made and work was started. In this context, the tithe tax was abolished and the situation of farmers being under a heavy tax burden was eliminated. Then, mechanization in agriculture was encouraged. Land was given to landless farmers and mechanized agriculture was encouraged. Credit opportunities were provided so that farmers could meet their needs. The number of agricultural schools was increased. Students were sent to European countries to specialize in agriculture. In addition, delegations were sent to examine the agriculture of developed countries, and efforts were made to give direction to the countrys agriculture in line with the reports of these delegations. One of these reports was the report of Tahsin Bey, who would later be assigned to the Atatürk Forest Farm. When Tahsin Beys report is examined, it is possible to clearly see its impact on the regulations regarding agriculture in our country. This study focuses on the report prepared by Tahsin Bey after examining the agriculture of Italy, France, Germany, Austria and Hungary.

 Agriculture constitutes the basis of nutrition and shelter, which are the most basic needs of humanity. The basic aim of all states established in the world is to meet the basic needs of their citizens. While doing this, it is aimed to provide it by using its own countrys resources as much as possible without being dependent on the outside. The Republic of Turkey has also acted in line with this goal since the day it was founded. While trying to meet the basic needs of its citizens on the one hand, it has adopted the principle of doing this without being dependent on the outside. The basis of our agricultural cause is based on the principle of self-sufficiency. For this purpose, since 1922, when the enemy was expelled from the country, the countrys agriculture has been examined under the leadership of Atatürk and some arrangements have been made for its improvement. First, legal arrangements were made and work was started. In this context, the tithe tax was abolished and the situation of farmers being under a heavy tax burden was eliminated. Then, mechanization in agriculture was encouraged. Land was given to landless farmers and mechanized agriculture was encouraged. Credit opportunities were provided so that farmers could meet their needs. The number of agricultural schools was increased. Students were sent to European countries to specialize in agriculture. In addition, delegations were sent to examine the agriculture of developed countries, and efforts were made to give direction to the countrys agriculture in line with the reports of these delegations. One of these reports was the report of Tahsin Bey, who would later be assigned to the Atatürk Forest Farm. When Tahsin Beys report is examined, it is possible to clearly see its impact on the regulations regarding agriculture in our country. This study focuses on the report prepared by Tahsin Bey after examining the agriculture of Italy, France, Germany, Austria and Hungary.

 İnsanlığın en temel ihtiyacı olan beslenme ve barınmanın esasını tarım teşkil etmektedir. Dünya üzerinde kurulan bütün devletlerin temel gayesi vatandaşlarının temel ihtiyaçlarını gidermektir. Bunu yaparken mümkün olduğunca dışa bağımlı olmadan kendi ülke kaynaklarını kullanarak sağlamak hedeflenmiştir. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti de kurulduğu günden itibaren bu amaç doğrultusunda hareket etmiştir. Bir yandan vatandaşlarının temel ihtiyaçlarını sağlamaya çalışırken diğer yanda bunu dışa bağımlı olmadan yapmayı ilke edinmiştir. Tarım davamızın temeli kendi kendine yetme ilkesi üzerine kurulmuştur. Bu amaçla düşmanın yurttan atıldığı 1922 yılından itibaren Atatürkün öncülüğünde ülke tarımı incelenmiş, iyileştirilmesi hususunda birtakım düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Önce yasal düzenlemeler yapılarak işe başlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda aşar vergisi kaldırılarak çiftçinin ağır vergi yükü altında kalması durumu ortadan kaldırılmıştır. Ardından tarımda makineleşme teşvik edilmiştir. Topraksız çiftçiye toprak verilmiş, makineli tarım özendirilmiştir. Çiftçinin ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmesi için kredi imkânı sağlanmıştır. Ziraat okullarının sayısı artırılmıştır. Ziraat alanında ihtisas yapmak üzere Avrupa ülkelerine öğrenci gönderilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra gelişmiş ülkelerin tarımını incelemek üzere heyetler gönderilmiş, bu heyetlerin raporları doğrultusunda ülke tarımına yön verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu raporlardan biri de daha sonra Atatürk Orman Çiftliğinde görevlendirilecek olan Tahsin Beyin raporudur. Tahsin Beyin raporu incelendiğinde ülkemizde tarıma yönelik düzenlemelerde etkisini açıkça görmek mümkündür. Bu çalışmada Tahsin Beyin İtalya, Fransa, Almanya Avusturya ve Macaristan tarımını incelemesi sonucu hazırladığı rapor arşiv belgeleri ışığında ele alınmıştır.

Article Details

IMPROVEMENT EFFORTS IN TURKISH AGRICULTURE: TAHSİN BEY’S REPORT ON ITALY, FRENCH, GERMANY, AUSTRIA, HUNGARY

Authors:

Neslihan Bolat Bozaslan

Publisher:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Main Topics:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Journal:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 44, pp.40-58

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001358107

pISSN:

2147-2610

: Turkish Agriculture in the Republican Period

Tahsin Coşkan

providing land to farmers

cooperative

Atatürk Forest FarmCumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Tarımı

Tahsin Coşkan

çiftçiyi topraklandırma

kooperatif

Atatürk Orman Çiftliği

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Neslihan Bolat Bozaslan

Publisher: Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Main Topics: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Journal: Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 44, pp.40-58

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 8/2025

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001358107

pISSN: 2147-2610

Issues

Authors:

Neslihan Bolat Bozaslan

Publisher:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Main Topics:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Journal:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 44, pp.40-58

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001358107

pISSN:

2147-2610