State and Moral Philosophy in Plato

Hasan Hüseyin Kargın

Article Details

State and Moral Philosophy in Plato

Authors:

Hasan Hüseyin Kargın

Publisher:

Hakan YILMAZ

Main Topics:

Bilgi Sistemleri Felsefesi | Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Teori

Journal:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 6, pp.4357-4369

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

7/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332385

pISSN:

2148-2292

Keywords:

Abstract:

 In this article, the relationship between Platos understanding of state politics and moral philosophy will be discussed. When Platos philosophy is considered as a whole, it is a political philosophy. The aim of the thinker is for the individual and society to be happy and to live a regular and peaceful life. The individual can only gain the characteristic of being human in a society and live humanely. Therefore, the growth of healthy individuals depends on the existence of healthy societies. It is a society in which the wise are the rulers, division of labour takes place, everyone acquires a profession according to hisher ability, performs hisher profession to the best of hisher ability, children receive a good and sound education, those with superior intelligence are engaged in wisdom, those with physical strength and courage are engaged in military service, and those who lack these two qualities are engaged in crafts and farming. Since this society is organised on the basis of merit, it is a just society. According to Plato, justice is getting what one deserves. Since everything is in its place in a just society, there is no room for chaos and moral decay. The state should consist of communities of three or at most five thousand people, and there should be no room for crowding that would shake the structure. Wisdom, courage, moderation and justice are the basic virtues.

 In this article, the relationship between Platos understanding of state politics and moral philosophy will be discussed. When Platos philosophy is considered as a whole, it is a political philosophy. The aim of the thinker is for the individual and society to be happy and to live a regular and peaceful life. The individual can only gain the characteristic of being human in a society and live humanely. Therefore, the growth of healthy individuals depends on the existence of healthy societies. It is a society in which the wise are the rulers, division of labour takes place, everyone acquires a profession according to hisher ability, performs hisher profession to the best of hisher ability, children receive a good and sound education, those with superior intelligence are engaged in wisdom, those with physical strength and courage are engaged in military service, and those who lack these two qualities are engaged in crafts and farming. Since this society is organised on the basis of merit, it is a just society. According to Plato, justice is getting what one deserves. Since everything is in its place in a just society, there is no room for chaos and moral decay. The state should consist of communities of three or at most five thousand people, and there should be no room for crowding that would shake the structure. Wisdom, courage, moderation and justice are the basic virtues.

 In this article, the relationship between Platos understanding of state politics and moral philosophy will be discussed. When Platos philosophy is considered as a whole, it is a political philosophy. The aim of the thinker is for the individual and society to be happy and to live a regular and peaceful life. The individual can only gain the characteristic of being human in a society and live humanely. Therefore, the growth of healthy individuals depends on the existence of healthy societies. It is a society in which the wise are the rulers, division of labour takes place, everyone acquires a profession according to hisher ability, performs hisher profession to the best of hisher ability, children receive a good and sound education, those with superior intelligence are engaged in wisdom, those with physical strength and courage are engaged in military service, and those who lack these two qualities are engaged in crafts and farming. Since this society is organised on the basis of merit, it is a just society. According to Plato, justice is getting what one deserves. Since everything is in its place in a just society, there is no room for chaos and moral decay. The state should consist of communities of three or at most five thousand people, and there should be no room for crowding that would shake the structure. Wisdom, courage, moderation and justice are the basic virtues.

 Bu makalede Platonun devlet siyeset anlayışı ile ahlak felsefesi arasındaki ilişki ele alınacaktır. Platon felsefesi bir bütün olarak göz önüne alındığında bir siyaset felsefesidir. Düşünürün amacı bireyin ve toplumun mutlu olması, düzenli ve huzurlu bir hayat yaşamasıdır. Birey ancak bir toplum içinde insan olma hasleti kazanabilir ve insanca yaşayabilir. O halde sağlıklı fertlerin yetişebilmesi sağlıklı toplumların varlığına bağlıdır. Bilgelerin yönetici olduğu, iş bölümünün gerçekleştiği, herkesin kabiliyetine göre bir meslek edindiği, elinden gelenin en iyisini yaparak mesleğini icra ettiği, çocukların iyi ve sağlam bir eğitim gördüğü, üstün zekalıların bilgelikle, bedensel güç ve cesaret sahiplerinin askerlikle, bu iki meziyetten yoksun olanların ise zanaat ve çiftçilikle uğraştığı bir tolumdur. Bu toplum liyakat esasına göre tanzim edildiğinden adil bir toplumdur. Platona göre adalet kişinin hakkettiğini almasıdır. Adil bir toplumda her şey yerli yerinde olduğundan kaosa ve ahlaki çürümüşlüğe yer yoktur. Devlet, üç veya en fazla beş bin kişilik topluluklardan meydana gelmeli, yapıyı sarsacak kalabalıklığa yer vermemelidir. Bilgelik, cesaret, ölçülülük ve adalet temel erdemlerdir.

Article Details

State and Moral Philosophy in Plato

Authors:

Hasan Hüseyin Kargın

Publisher:

Hakan YILMAZ

Main Topics:

Bilgi Sistemleri Felsefesi | Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Teori

Journal:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 6, pp.4357-4369

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

7/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332385

pISSN:

2148-2292

State

Morality

Education

Idea of Good

SocietyDevlet

Ahlak

Eğitim

İyi İdeası

Toplum

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Hasan Hüseyin Kargın

Publisher: Hakan YILMAZ

Main Topics: Bilgi Sistemleri Felsefesi | Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Teori

Journal: Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 6, pp.4357-4369

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 7/2025

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001332385

pISSN: 2148-2292

Issues

Authors:

Hasan Hüseyin Kargın

Publisher:

Hakan YILMAZ

Main Topics:

Bilgi Sistemleri Felsefesi | Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Teori

Journal:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 6, pp.4357-4369

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

7/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332385

pISSN:

2148-2292