Tailoring Admittance, Conductance, and Susceptance in TPU/Activated Carbon Films for Flexible Electronics

Sedat Kurnaz

Article Details

Tailoring Admittance, Conductance, and Susceptance in TPU/Activated Carbon Films for Flexible Electronics

Authors:

Sedat Kurnaz

Publisher:

Gazi University

Main Topics:

Condensed Matter Physics (Other) | Electronic Sensors

Journal:

Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation Vol.12 Issue 3, pp.788-797

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2025

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001359832

pISSN:

2147-9542

Keywords:

Abstract:

 In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane TPU composites with varying amounts of activated carbon AC 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 wt were fabricated using a solvent-casting method. Scanning electron microscopy SEM revealed homogeneous filler dispersion up to intermediate loadings 3-5 wt, while higher contents 7-10 wt led to surface cracks and particle agglomerations. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR results showed no evidence of strong chemical bonding between AC particles and the TPU matrix, although minor spectral shifts were consistent with weak physical interactions. Thermal gravimetric analysis TGA indicated improved thermal stability at higher AC loadings. Tensile tests showed enhanced mechanical strength up to 5 wt, though flexibility decreased at higher concentrations 710 wt. Electrical characterization admittance Y, conductance G, and susceptance B from 1 kHz10 MHzrevealed a clear percolation threshold 7 wt, where conductivity sharply increased due to conductive network formation. At 10 MHz, the composite with 10 wt AC exhibited the highest performance Y 114.8 µS, G 58.8 µS, B 114.1 µS. Jonscher power-law analysis indicated hopping conduction below 7 wt AC, whereas the 10 wt sample transitioned into quasi-metallic conduction behavior due to conductive network formation.

 In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane TPU composites with varying amounts of activated carbon AC 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 wt were fabricated using a solvent-casting method. Scanning electron microscopy SEM revealed homogeneous filler dispersion up to intermediate loadings 3-5 wt, while higher contents 7-10 wt led to surface cracks and particle agglomerations. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR results showed no evidence of strong chemical bonding between AC particles and the TPU matrix, although minor spectral shifts were consistent with weak physical interactions. Thermal gravimetric analysis TGA indicated improved thermal stability at higher AC loadings. Tensile tests showed enhanced mechanical strength up to 5 wt, though flexibility decreased at higher concentrations 710 wt. Electrical characterization admittance Y, conductance G, and susceptance B from 1 kHz10 MHzrevealed a clear percolation threshold 7 wt, where conductivity sharply increased due to conductive network formation. At 10 MHz, the composite with 10 wt AC exhibited the highest performance Y 114.8 µS, G 58.8 µS, B 114.1 µS. Jonscher power-law analysis indicated hopping conduction below 7 wt AC, whereas the 10 wt sample transitioned into quasi-metallic conduction behavior due to conductive network formation.

 In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane TPU composites with varying amounts of activated carbon AC 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 wt were fabricated using a solvent-casting method. Scanning electron microscopy SEM revealed homogeneous filler dispersion up to intermediate loadings 3-5 wt, while higher contents 7-10 wt led to surface cracks and particle agglomerations. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR results showed no evidence of strong chemical bonding between AC particles and the TPU matrix, although minor spectral shifts were consistent with weak physical interactions. Thermal gravimetric analysis TGA indicated improved thermal stability at higher AC loadings. Tensile tests showed enhanced mechanical strength up to 5 wt, though flexibility decreased at higher concentrations 710 wt. Electrical characterization admittance Y, conductance G, and susceptance B from 1 kHz10 MHzrevealed a clear percolation threshold 7 wt, where conductivity sharply increased due to conductive network formation. At 10 MHz, the composite with 10 wt AC exhibited the highest performance Y 114.8 µS, G 58.8 µS, B 114.1 µS. Jonscher power-law analysis indicated hopping conduction below 7 wt AC, whereas the 10 wt sample transitioned into quasi-metallic conduction behavior due to conductive network formation.

 In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane TPU composites with varying amounts of activated carbon AC 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 wt were fabricated using a solvent-casting method. Scanning electron microscopy SEM revealed homogeneous filler dispersion up to intermediate loadings 3-5 wt, while higher contents 7-10 wt led to surface cracks and particle agglomerations. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR results showed no evidence of strong chemical bonding between AC particles and the TPU matrix, although minor spectral shifts were consistent with weak physical interactions. Thermal gravimetric analysis TGA indicated improved thermal stability at higher AC loadings. Tensile tests showed enhanced mechanical strength up to 5 wt, though flexibility decreased at higher concentrations 710 wt. Electrical characterization admittance Y, conductance G, and susceptance B from 1 kHz10 MHzrevealed a clear percolation threshold 7 wt, where conductivity sharply increased due to conductive network formation. At 10 MHz, the composite with 10 wt AC exhibited the highest performance Y 114.8 µS, G 58.8 µS, B 114.1 µS. Jonscher power-law analysis indicated hopping conduction below 7 wt AC, whereas the 10 wt sample transitioned into quasi-metallic conduction behavior due to conductive network formation.

Article Details

Tailoring Admittance, Conductance, and Susceptance in TPU/Activated Carbon Films for Flexible Electronics

Authors:

Sedat Kurnaz

Publisher:

Gazi University

Main Topics:

Condensed Matter Physics (Other) | Electronic Sensors

Journal:

Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation Vol.12 Issue 3, pp.788-797

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2025

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001359832

pISSN:

2147-9542

Activated Carbon

Admittance

Conductance

Frequency

Susceptance

Polyurethane

Issues

Article Details

Tailoring Admittance, Conductance, and Susceptance in TPU/Activated Carbon Films for Flexible Electronics

Authors: Sedat Kurnaz

Publisher: Gazi University

Main Topics: Condensed Matter Physics (Other) | Electronic Sensors

Journal: Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation Vol.12 Issue 3, pp.788-797

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 9/2025

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001359832

pISSN: 2147-9542

Activated Carbon

Admittance

Conductance

Frequency

Susceptance

Polyurethane

Issues

Authors:

Sedat Kurnaz

Publisher:

Gazi University

Main Topics:

Condensed Matter Physics (Other) | Electronic Sensors

Journal:

Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation Vol.12 Issue 3, pp.788-797

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2025

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001359832

pISSN:

2147-9542