Antagonistic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from pines against Diplodia sapinea (Fr.) Fuckel

Refika Ceyda Beram; Mohammad Rahim Bıkzad

Article Details

Antagonistic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from pines against Diplodia sapinea (Fr.) Fuckel

Authors:

Refika Ceyda Beram | Mohammad Rahim Bıkzad

Publisher:

Isparta University of Applied Sciences

Main Topics:

Orman Entomolojisi ve Orman Koruma

Journal:

Turkish Journal of Forestry Vol.25 Issue 3, pp.249-257

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001328814

pISSN:

2149-3898

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Diplodia sapinea, an endophytic fungus belonging to the Ascomycota, is commonly found on coniferous trees. While it typically exists as an endophyte, it can transform into an opportunistic pathogen under abiotic stress factors such as drought induced by climate change. The fungus enters the host through stomata on needles or via injured tissues, causing a disease known as Diplodia tip blight. This disease affects trees in various environments, including nurseries, plantation areas, natural forests, and urban trees. The prevalence of D. sapinea has significantly increased in Europe in recent years, and there is currently no established and effective control method worldwide. In response to this challenge, biological control method utilizing antagonist organisms have emerged as a promising alternative to combat Diplodia tip blight. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antagonistic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from different pine tree tissues against D. sapinea isolates obtained from Pinus halepensis and Pinus brutia under in vitro conditions. Identification of the isolates was carried out using both morphological and molecular methods. Fungal inhibition tests were conducted to assess the interaction between these isolates and D. sapinea isolates. The results of the tests revealed that 15 fungi, including Trichoderma sp. and Sydowia polyspora, demonstrated the potential to inhibit the growth of D. sapinea in vitro.

 Diplodia sapinea, an endophytic fungus belonging to the Ascomycota, is commonly found on coniferous trees. While it typically exists as an endophyte, it can transform into an opportunistic pathogen under abiotic stress factors such as drought induced by climate change. The fungus enters the host through stomata on needles or via injured tissues, causing a disease known as Diplodia tip blight. This disease affects trees in various environments, including nurseries, plantation areas, natural forests, and urban trees. The prevalence of D. sapinea has significantly increased in Europe in recent years, and there is currently no established and effective control method worldwide. In response to this challenge, biological control method utilizing antagonist organisms have emerged as a promising alternative to combat Diplodia tip blight. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antagonistic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from different pine tree tissues against D. sapinea isolates obtained from Pinus halepensis and Pinus brutia under in vitro conditions. Identification of the isolates was carried out using both morphological and molecular methods. Fungal inhibition tests were conducted to assess the interaction between these isolates and D. sapinea isolates. The results of the tests revealed that 15 fungi, including Trichoderma sp. and Sydowia polyspora, demonstrated the potential to inhibit the growth of D. sapinea in vitro.

 Diplodia sapinea, an endophytic fungus belonging to the Ascomycota, is commonly found on coniferous trees. While it typically exists as an endophyte, it can transform into an opportunistic pathogen under abiotic stress factors such as drought induced by climate change. The fungus enters the host through stomata on needles or via injured tissues, causing a disease known as Diplodia tip blight. This disease affects trees in various environments, including nurseries, plantation areas, natural forests, and urban trees. The prevalence of D. sapinea has significantly increased in Europe in recent years, and there is currently no established and effective control method worldwide. In response to this challenge, biological control method utilizing antagonist organisms have emerged as a promising alternative to combat Diplodia tip blight. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antagonistic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from different pine tree tissues against D. sapinea isolates obtained from Pinus halepensis and Pinus brutia under in vitro conditions. Identification of the isolates was carried out using both morphological and molecular methods. Fungal inhibition tests were conducted to assess the interaction between these isolates and D. sapinea isolates. The results of the tests revealed that 15 fungi, including Trichoderma sp. and Sydowia polyspora, demonstrated the potential to inhibit the growth of D. sapinea in vitro.

 Diplodia sapinea, Ascomycotaya ait endofitik bir fungustur ve genellikle iğne yapraklı ağaçlarda bulunur. Bu fungus genellikle endofit olarak varlık gösterse de, iklim değişikliğinin neden olduğu kuraklık gibi abiyotik stres faktörleri altında fırsatçı bir patojene dönüşebilmektedir. Fungus, iğne yaprakların üzerindeki stomalar veya yaralı dokular aracılığıyla konukçusuna girmekte ve Diplodia sürgün yanıklığı olarak bilinen bir hastalığa yol açmaktadır. Bu hastalık, fidanlıklar, plantasyon alanları, doğal ormanlar ve kentsel ağaçlar gibi çeşitli ortamlardaki ağaçları etkilemektedir. Son yıllarda D. sapineanın Avrupada yaygınlığı önemli ölçüde artmış olup, dünya genelinde halen yerleşik ve etkili bir kontrol yöntemi bulunmamaktadır. Bu soruna yanıt olarak, antagonist organizmalar kullanılarak yapılan biyolojik mücadele yöntemi, Diplodia sürgün kurumasına karşı umut verici bir alternatif olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı çam ağacı dokularından izole edilen endofitik fungusların, Pinus halepensis ve Pinus brutiadan elde edilen D. sapinea izolatlarına karşı in vitro koşullarda antagonistik aktivitelerinin değerlendirilmesidir. İzolatların teşhisleri hem morfolojik hem de moleküler yöntemler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu izolatların D. sapinea izolatları ile olan etkileşimlerini değerlendirmek amacıyla fungal inhibisyon testleri yapılmıştır. Test sonuçları, Trichoderma sp. ve Sydowia polyspora da dahil olmak üzere 15 fungusun in-vitro olarak D. sapineanın gelişimini inhibe etme potansiyeline sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Article Details

Antagonistic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from pines against Diplodia sapinea (Fr.) Fuckel

Authors:

Refika Ceyda Beram | Mohammad Rahim Bıkzad

Publisher:

Isparta University of Applied Sciences

Main Topics:

Orman Entomolojisi ve Orman Koruma

Journal:

Turkish Journal of Forestry Vol.25 Issue 3, pp.249-257

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001328814

pISSN:

2149-3898

Antagonism

Biological control

Diplodia tip blight

Fungal endophyte

TürkiyeAntagonizm

Biyolojik mücadele

Diplodia sürgün yanıklığı

Endofitik fungus

Türkiye

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Refika Ceyda Beram | Mohammad Rahim Bıkzad

Publisher: Isparta University of Applied Sciences

Main Topics: Orman Entomolojisi ve Orman Koruma

Journal: Turkish Journal of Forestry Vol.25 Issue 3, pp.249-257

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 9/2024

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001328814

pISSN: 2149-3898

Issues

Authors:

Refika Ceyda Beram | Mohammad Rahim Bıkzad

Publisher:

Isparta University of Applied Sciences

Main Topics:

Orman Entomolojisi ve Orman Koruma

Journal:

Turkish Journal of Forestry Vol.25 Issue 3, pp.249-257

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001328814

pISSN:

2149-3898