Microstructure Analysis of Activated Carbon Produced by Hydrothermal Carbonization Method

Nida Katı; Ferhat Uçar; Gözde Tokgöz

Article Details

Microstructure Analysis of Activated Carbon Produced by Hydrothermal Carbonization Method

Authors:

Nida Katı | Ferhat Uçar | Gözde Tokgöz

Publisher:

Fırat University

Main Topics:

Nanomalzemeler

Journal:

Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.1-7

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001336235

pISSN:

1308-9064

Keywords:

Abstract:

 In this study, the microstructural properties of activated carbons produced from apricot kernel shells through hydrothermal carbonization and chemical activation methods were investigated. Within the scope of increasing waste management needs in the modern world, the utilization of biomass resources has gained importance. In the study, apricot kernel shells were first subjected to hydrothermal carbonization, followed by the development of porous structure through KOH activation. Surface morphology of the materials was characterized by scanning electron microscopy SEM analyses. While irregular morphology and closed pore structure were observed in hydrochars produced by hydrothermal carbonization, hierarchical pore structures at nanometer-micrometer scale were formed after chemical activation. While increasing the activation temperature from 240C to 260C positively affected pore development, increasing to 300C did not cause a significant change. Sample S-A2 exhibited the highest porosity. It was determined that KOH activation created regular and homogeneously distributed micropores. The results showed that apricot kernel shell is a suitable raw material for producing high-performance activated carbon with controlled pore structure.

 In this study, the microstructural properties of activated carbons produced from apricot kernel shells through hydrothermal carbonization and chemical activation methods were investigated. Within the scope of increasing waste management needs in the modern world, the utilization of biomass resources has gained importance. In the study, apricot kernel shells were first subjected to hydrothermal carbonization, followed by the development of porous structure through KOH activation. Surface morphology of the materials was characterized by scanning electron microscopy SEM analyses. While irregular morphology and closed pore structure were observed in hydrochars produced by hydrothermal carbonization, hierarchical pore structures at nanometer-micrometer scale were formed after chemical activation. While increasing the activation temperature from 240C to 260C positively affected pore development, increasing to 300C did not cause a significant change. Sample S-A2 exhibited the highest porosity. It was determined that KOH activation created regular and homogeneously distributed micropores. The results showed that apricot kernel shell is a suitable raw material for producing high-performance activated carbon with controlled pore structure.

 In this study, the microstructural properties of activated carbons produced from apricot kernel shells through hydrothermal carbonization and chemical activation methods were investigated. Within the scope of increasing waste management needs in the modern world, the utilization of biomass resources has gained importance. In the study, apricot kernel shells were first subjected to hydrothermal carbonization, followed by the development of porous structure through KOH activation. Surface morphology of the materials was characterized by scanning electron microscopy SEM analyses. While irregular morphology and closed pore structure were observed in hydrochars produced by hydrothermal carbonization, hierarchical pore structures at nanometer-micrometer scale were formed after chemical activation. While increasing the activation temperature from 240C to 260C positively affected pore development, increasing to 300C did not cause a significant change. Sample S-A2 exhibited the highest porosity. It was determined that KOH activation created regular and homogeneously distributed micropores. The results showed that apricot kernel shell is a suitable raw material for producing high-performance activated carbon with controlled pore structure.

 Bu çalışmada, kayısı çekirdeği kabuğundan hidrotermal karbonizasyon ve kimyasal aktivasyon yöntemleriyle üretilen aktif karbonların mikroyapısal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Modern dünyada artan atık yönetimi ihtiyacı kapsamında, biyokütle kaynaklarının değerlendirilmesi önem kazanmaktadır. Çalışmada, kayısı çekirdeği kabukları önce hidrotermal karbonizasyon işlemine tabi tutulmuş, ardından KOH aktivasyonu ile gözenekli yapı geliştirilmiştir. Taramalı elektron mikroskobu SEM analizleri ile malzemelerin yüzey morfolojisi karakterize edilmiştir. Hidrotermal karbonizasyon sonucu üretilen hidrokömürlerde düzensiz morfoloji ve kapalı gözenek yapısı gözlemlenirken, kimyasal aktivasyon sonrası nanometre-mikrometre ölçeğinde hiyerarşik gözenek yapıları oluşmuştur. Aktivasyon sıcaklığının 240Cden 260Cye yükseltilmesi gözenek gelişimini olumlu etkilerken, 300Cye çıkılması belirgin bir değişikliğe neden olmamıştır. S-A2 numunesi en yüksek gözenekliliği sergilemiştir. KOH aktivasyonunun düzenli ve homojen dağılımlı mikro gözenekler oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, kayısı çekirdeği kabuğunun kontrollü gözenek yapısına sahip yüksek performanslı aktif karbon üretimi için uygun bir hammadde olduğunu göstermiştir.

Article Details

Microstructure Analysis of Activated Carbon Produced by Hydrothermal Carbonization Method

Authors:

Nida Katı | Ferhat Uçar | Gözde Tokgöz

Publisher:

Fırat University

Main Topics:

Nanomalzemeler

Journal:

Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.1-7

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001336235

pISSN:

1308-9064

Hydrothermal carbonization

Apricot kernel shell

Activated carbon

MicrostructureHidrotermal karbonizasyon

Kayısı çekirdeği kabuğu

Aktif karbon

Mikroyapı

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Nida Katı | Ferhat Uçar | Gözde Tokgöz

Publisher: Fırat University

Main Topics: Nanomalzemeler

Journal: Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.1-7

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 3/2025

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001336235

pISSN: 1308-9064

Issues

Authors:

Nida Katı | Ferhat Uçar | Gözde Tokgöz

Publisher:

Fırat University

Main Topics:

Nanomalzemeler

Journal:

Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.1-7

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001336235

pISSN:

1308-9064