THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS AND EQUALITY INSTITUTION OF TÜRKİYE AS A NATIONAL PREVENTIVE MECHANISM IN PREVENTING TORTURE AND ILL TREATMENT

Merve Sisli

Article Details

THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS AND EQUALITY INSTITUTION OF TÜRKİYE AS A NATIONAL PREVENTIVE MECHANISM IN PREVENTING TORTURE AND ILL TREATMENT

Authors:

Merve Sisli

Publisher:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics:

Yurtiçi İnsan Hakları Hukuku | Uluslararası İnsani ve İnsan Hakları Hukuku

Journal:

İnsan Hakları Yıllığı Vol.42 Issue 1 (Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılında Ulusal İnsan Hakları Mekanizmaları Sempozyumu Özel Sayısı), pp.247-288

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001325038

pISSN:

1016-7617

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Although torture and ill-treatment are absolutely prohibited in the international human rights acquis, states all over the world have avoided fulfilling these obligations, and as a result, the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly to prevent torture and ill treatment in 2002 and came into force in 2006. Optional Protocol has enabled a transition from a reactive approach to a proactive approach in the fight against torture and ill-treatment and has focused on the prevention of torture and ill-treatment through regular visits to detention centers by independent bodies. Unlike other international human rights conventions, Optional Protocol has made it mandatory for States Parties to establish a national independent body alongside an international body in order to prevent torture and ill-treatment. Thus, National Preventive Mechanisms have emerged as a new actor in the fight against torture and ill-treatment. Türkiye signed Optional Protocol in 2005 and ratified it in 2011. With Law No. 6701, the Human Rights and Equality Institution of Türkiye was designated as National Preventive Mechanism. The focus of the study is to evaluate the compliance of the duties and powers given to Human Rights and Equality Institution of Türkiye as National Preventive Mechanism with the provisions of Optional Protocol and the comments of the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, which is the body of the Protocol.

 Although torture and ill-treatment are absolutely prohibited in the international human rights acquis, states all over the world have avoided fulfilling these obligations, and as a result, the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly to prevent torture and ill treatment in 2002 and came into force in 2006. Optional Protocol has enabled a transition from a reactive approach to a proactive approach in the fight against torture and ill-treatment and has focused on the prevention of torture and ill-treatment through regular visits to detention centers by independent bodies. Unlike other international human rights conventions, Optional Protocol has made it mandatory for States Parties to establish a national independent body alongside an international body in order to prevent torture and ill-treatment. Thus, National Preventive Mechanisms have emerged as a new actor in the fight against torture and ill-treatment. Türkiye signed Optional Protocol in 2005 and ratified it in 2011. With Law No. 6701, the Human Rights and Equality Institution of Türkiye was designated as National Preventive Mechanism. The focus of the study is to evaluate the compliance of the duties and powers given to Human Rights and Equality Institution of Türkiye as National Preventive Mechanism with the provisions of Optional Protocol and the comments of the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, which is the body of the Protocol.

 Although torture and ill-treatment are absolutely prohibited in the international human rights acquis, states all over the world have avoided fulfilling these obligations, and as a result, the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly to prevent torture and ill treatment in 2002 and came into force in 2006. Optional Protocol has enabled a transition from a reactive approach to a proactive approach in the fight against torture and ill-treatment and has focused on the prevention of torture and ill-treatment through regular visits to detention centers by independent bodies. Unlike other international human rights conventions, Optional Protocol has made it mandatory for States Parties to establish a national independent body alongside an international body in order to prevent torture and ill-treatment. Thus, National Preventive Mechanisms have emerged as a new actor in the fight against torture and ill-treatment. Türkiye signed Optional Protocol in 2005 and ratified it in 2011. With Law No. 6701, the Human Rights and Equality Institution of Türkiye was designated as National Preventive Mechanism. The focus of the study is to evaluate the compliance of the duties and powers given to Human Rights and Equality Institution of Türkiye as National Preventive Mechanism with the provisions of Optional Protocol and the comments of the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, which is the body of the Protocol.

 İşkence ve kötü muamele, uluslararası insan hakları müktesebatında kesin olarak yasaklanmışsa da dünyanın her yerinde devletler bu yükümlülüklerini yerine getirmekten kaçınmıştır. Bunun sonucunda işkence ve kötü muamelenin önlenmesi amacıyla Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından İşkence ve Diğer Zalimane, İnsanlıkdışı veya Aşağılayıcı Muamele veya Cezaya Karşı Ek Seçmeli Protokol 2002 yılında kabul edilmiş ve 2006 yılında yürürlüğe girmiştir. Seçmeli Protokol, işkence ve kötü muameleyle mücadelede reaktif yaklaşımdan proaktif yaklaşıma doğru bir geçiş sağlamış ve alıkonulma yerlerine bağımsız organlarca yapılacak düzenli ziyaretler vasıtasıyla işkence ve kötü muamelenin önlenmesine odaklanmıştır. Diğer uluslararası insan hakları sözleşmelerinden farklı olarak Seçmeli Protokol, işkence ve kötü muameleyi önlemek amacıyla uluslararası bir organın yanında ulusal bağımsız bir organın kurulmasını Taraf Devletler bakımından zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Böylece Ulusal Önleme Mekanizmaları işkence ve kötü muameleyle mücadelede yeni bir aktör olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Türkiye, Seçmeli Protokolü 2005 yılında imzalamış ve 2011 yılında onaylamıştır. 6701 sayılı Kanun ile Türkiye İnsan Hakları ve Eşitlik Kurumu, Ulusal Önleme Mekanizması olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın odak noktasını Türkiye İnsan Hakları ve Eşitlik Kurumuna Ulusal Önleme Mekanizması olarak verilen görev ve yetkilerin Seçmeli Protokol hükümlerine ve Protokol organı olan İşkence ve Diğer Zalimane, İnsanlıkdışı veya Aşağılayıcı Muamelenin Önlenmesi Alt Komitesinin yorumlarına uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesi oluşturmaktadır.

Article Details

THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS AND EQUALITY INSTITUTION OF TÜRKİYE AS A NATIONAL PREVENTIVE MECHANISM IN PREVENTING TORTURE AND ILL TREATMENT

Authors:

Merve Sisli

Publisher:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics:

Yurtiçi İnsan Hakları Hukuku | Uluslararası İnsani ve İnsan Hakları Hukuku

Journal:

İnsan Hakları Yıllığı Vol.42 Issue 1 (Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılında Ulusal İnsan Hakları Mekanizmaları Sempozyumu Özel Sayısı), pp.247-288

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001325038

pISSN:

1016-7617

Prohibition of Torture and Ill Treatment

OPCAT

Detention Centers

National Preventive Mechanism

Human Rights and Equality Institution of Türkiyeİşkence ve Kötü Muamele Yasağı

OPCAT

Alıkonulma Yerleri

Ulusal Önleme Mekanizması

Türkiye İnsan Hakları ve Eşitlik Kurumu

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Merve Sisli

Publisher: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics: Yurtiçi İnsan Hakları Hukuku | Uluslararası İnsani ve İnsan Hakları Hukuku

Journal: İnsan Hakları Yıllığı Vol.42 Issue 1 (Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılında Ulusal İnsan Hakları Mekanizmaları Sempozyumu Özel Sayısı), pp.247-288

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 8/2024

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001325038

pISSN: 1016-7617

Issues

Authors:

Merve Sisli

Publisher:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Main Topics:

Yurtiçi İnsan Hakları Hukuku | Uluslararası İnsani ve İnsan Hakları Hukuku

Journal:

İnsan Hakları Yıllığı Vol.42 Issue 1 (Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılında Ulusal İnsan Hakları Mekanizmaları Sempozyumu Özel Sayısı), pp.247-288

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

8/2024

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001325038

pISSN:

1016-7617