Evaluation of the Ancient Mortars of the Stratonikeia Theater in the Light of the Analyzes

Mustafa Tuncay Özdemir

Article Details

Evaluation of the Ancient Mortars of the Stratonikeia Theater in the Light of the Analyzes

Authors:

Mustafa Tuncay Özdemir

Publisher:

Selcuk University

Main Topics:

Arkeoloji (Diğer)

Journal:

Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 50, pp.101-114

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305537

pISSN:

2458-908X

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Stratonikeia, one of the central cities of the Inner Caria Region in the ancient period, is located within the borders of the Eskihisar neighborhood of Yatağan District, Muğla Province. It is traced that the name of the region was Idrias at the beginning of the 5th century BC. The territory of Stratonikeia was ruled by the Seleucids in the final stages of Antiochus Is reign after 268 BC, and the region was renamed Stratonikeia in 260 BC. Our study was carried out in the theater, one of the most important edifices in the Hellenistic city. The cavea of the theater was placed on the natural slope facing north, as in Greek theaters. Originally constructed as a single storey during the Hellenistic Period 2nd century BC, the theaters stage construction was expanded by two storeys during the Augustus Period to become a three-story structure. The original plaster and mortar samples from three distinct sections of the theater construction in the Ancient City of Stratonikeia were subjected to spot tests, conductivity measurements, calcination ignition loss, acid loss, and sieve analyses. Point loading strengths were also evaluated. The binderaggregate mixture ratios of the mortars at Stratonikeia Theatre were roughly calculated to be 13 during the evaluation of the analysis data. It was observed that the mortar mixture ratios are consistent with the ancient mortar measurements suggested by Vitruvius. Moreover, uniaxial compressive strengths were ascertained by the point loading test, and the existence of water-soluble salts and their pozzolanic mortar instances were examined based on conductivity measurements and ignition loss results.

 Stratonikeia, one of the central cities of the Inner Caria Region in the ancient period, is located within the borders of the Eskihisar neighborhood of Yatağan District, Muğla Province. It is traced that the name of the region was Idrias at the beginning of the 5th century BC. The territory of Stratonikeia was ruled by the Seleucids in the final stages of Antiochus Is reign after 268 BC, and the region was renamed Stratonikeia in 260 BC. Our study was carried out in the theater, one of the most important edifices in the Hellenistic city. The cavea of the theater was placed on the natural slope facing north, as in Greek theaters. Originally constructed as a single storey during the Hellenistic Period 2nd century BC, the theaters stage construction was expanded by two storeys during the Augustus Period to become a three-story structure. The original plaster and mortar samples from three distinct sections of the theater construction in the Ancient City of Stratonikeia were subjected to spot tests, conductivity measurements, calcination ignition loss, acid loss, and sieve analyses. Point loading strengths were also evaluated. The binderaggregate mixture ratios of the mortars at Stratonikeia Theatre were roughly calculated to be 13 during the evaluation of the analysis data. It was observed that the mortar mixture ratios are consistent with the ancient mortar measurements suggested by Vitruvius. Moreover, uniaxial compressive strengths were ascertained by the point loading test, and the existence of water-soluble salts and their pozzolanic mortar instances were examined based on conductivity measurements and ignition loss results.

 Stratonikeia, one of the central cities of the Inner Caria Region in the ancient period, is located within the borders of the Eskihisar neighborhood of Yatağan District, Muğla Province. It is traced that the name of the region was Idrias at the beginning of the 5th century BC. The territory of Stratonikeia was ruled by the Seleucids in the final stages of Antiochus Is reign after 268 BC, and the region was renamed Stratonikeia in 260 BC. Our study was carried out in the theater, one of the most important edifices in the Hellenistic city. The cavea of the theater was placed on the natural slope facing north, as in Greek theaters. Originally constructed as a single storey during the Hellenistic Period 2nd century BC, the theaters stage construction was expanded by two storeys during the Augustus Period to become a three-story structure. The original plaster and mortar samples from three distinct sections of the theater construction in the Ancient City of Stratonikeia were subjected to spot tests, conductivity measurements, calcination ignition loss, acid loss, and sieve analyses. Point loading strengths were also evaluated. The binderaggregate mixture ratios of the mortars at Stratonikeia Theatre were roughly calculated to be 13 during the evaluation of the analysis data. It was observed that the mortar mixture ratios are consistent with the ancient mortar measurements suggested by Vitruvius. Moreover, uniaxial compressive strengths were ascertained by the point loading test, and the existence of water-soluble salts and their pozzolanic mortar instances were examined based on conductivity measurements and ignition loss results.

 Antik dönemde İç Karia Bölgesinin önemli kentlerinden biri olan Stratonikeia, günümüzde Muğla İli, Yatağan İlçesi, Eskihisar Mahallesi sınırları içinde bulunmaktadır. MÖ 5. yyın başlarında bölgenin isminin Idrias olarak geçtiği anlaşılmaktadır. Stratonikeia territoriumu MÖ 268 yılından sonra I. Antiokhosun son dönemlerinde Seleukosların kontrolüne girmiş ve bölge MÖ 260lı yıllarda Stratonikeia ismini almıştır. Çalışmamız Hellenistik kentin en önemli yapılarından birisi olan tiyatroda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tiyatronun cavea kısmı kuzeye bakar şekilde Yunan tiyatrolarında olduğu gibi tamamen doğal yamaca yerleştirilmiştir. Hellenistik Dönemde MÖ 2. yüzyıl tek katlı inşa edilmiş olan tiyatronun sahne binası Augustus Döneminde iki kat eklenerek üç katlı yapılmıştır. Stratonikeia Antik Kentinde Tiyatro yapısının üç ayrı bölümünden alınan özgün harç numunelerinin spot testler ve iletkenlik ölçümleri, kalsinasyon kızdırma kaybı, asit kaybı ve elek analizi yapılmış, nokta yükleme dayanımları belirlenmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesinde, Stratonikeia Tiyatrosuna ait harçların bağlayıcıagrega karışım oranları kabaca 13 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Mevcut analiz sonuçları doğrultusunda buradaki harç karışım oranlarının Vitruviusun tavsiye ettiği antik dönem harç ölçüleri ile uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca suda çözünebilen tuzların varlığı ile iletkenlik ölçümleri ve kızdırma kaybı sonuçlarına bağlı olarak puzolanik harç durumları araştırılmış, nokta yükleme testi sonucu tek eksenli basınç dayanımları belirlenmiştir.

Article Details

Evaluation of the Ancient Mortars of the Stratonikeia Theater in the Light of the Analyzes

Authors:

Mustafa Tuncay Özdemir

Publisher:

Selcuk University

Main Topics:

Arkeoloji (Diğer)

Journal:

Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 50, pp.101-114

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305537

pISSN:

2458-908X

Stratoniceia

Hellenistic theatre

mortar analysis

conservation and restoration

CariaStratonikeia

Hellenistik tiyatro

harç analizi

koruma ve onarım

Karia

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Mustafa Tuncay Özdemir

Publisher: Selcuk University

Main Topics: Arkeoloji (Diğer)

Journal: Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 50, pp.101-114

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 12/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001305537

pISSN: 2458-908X

Issues

Authors:

Mustafa Tuncay Özdemir

Publisher:

Selcuk University

Main Topics:

Arkeoloji (Diğer)

Journal:

Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 50, pp.101-114

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001305537

pISSN:

2458-908X