THE SUNNISM PHENOMEON IN THE FOUNDATION PERİOD OF THE MAMLUKS

Abdullah Ömer Yavuz

Article Details

THE SUNNISM PHENOMEON IN THE FOUNDATION PERİOD OF THE MAMLUKS

Authors:

Abdullah Ömer Yavuz

Publisher:

Erciyes University

Journal:

Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.75-90

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001286665

pISSN:

2757-7031

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The tradition of Islamic thought has a structure that includes different schools of thought. Some of the Islamic sects fall under the umbrella of Sunnism or Shiism. In terms of the phenomenon of Sunnism, the change of geography and time reveals different manifestations. The main reasons for this diversity are politics, society, intellectual accumulation and interlocutor relations. This research examines the projections of the Sunnism phenomenon in the founding period of the Mamluks. It focuses on the changes in this period in terms of the historical course of Sunnism. In the mentioned period, the phenomenon of Sunnism progresses in two lanes over the states policies towards Sunnism and the view formed within the framework of the scientific tradition of Sunni thought. The differences between the Mamluk rulers and their subjects, the Shiite threat and the effect of the Mongol Invasion have revealed the policies in which Sunnism is centered. Madrasahs were allocated to Sunni scholars. The Abbasid caliphate, which was destroyed by the Mongols, was re-established in Egypt. Four Sunni fiqh sects were given the title of chief judge at the same time. However, Sunnism is limited to four schools. The Sunni thought of the period was narrowed in terms of fiqh and hadith. The rich content of Sunni thought in the eastern regions remained in a limited framework in Egypt. Despite the policies of the Mamluks, the rivalry of the Sunni schools did not end. It is not possible to say that the Sunnism phenomenon in the foundation period of the Mamluks constituted a clear and clear whole.

 The tradition of Islamic thought has a structure that includes different schools of thought. Some of the Islamic sects fall under the umbrella of Sunnism or Shiism. In terms of the phenomenon of Sunnism, the change of geography and time reveals different manifestations. The main reasons for this diversity are politics, society, intellectual accumulation and interlocutor relations. This research examines the projections of the Sunnism phenomenon in the founding period of the Mamluks. It focuses on the changes in this period in terms of the historical course of Sunnism. In the mentioned period, the phenomenon of Sunnism progresses in two lanes over the states policies towards Sunnism and the view formed within the framework of the scientific tradition of Sunni thought. The differences between the Mamluk rulers and their subjects, the Shiite threat and the effect of the Mongol Invasion have revealed the policies in which Sunnism is centered. Madrasahs were allocated to Sunni scholars. The Abbasid caliphate, which was destroyed by the Mongols, was re-established in Egypt. Four Sunni fiqh sects were given the title of chief judge at the same time. However, Sunnism is limited to four schools. The Sunni thought of the period was narrowed in terms of fiqh and hadith. The rich content of Sunni thought in the eastern regions remained in a limited framework in Egypt. Despite the policies of the Mamluks, the rivalry of the Sunni schools did not end. It is not possible to say that the Sunnism phenomenon in the foundation period of the Mamluks constituted a clear and clear whole.

 The tradition of Islamic thought has a structure that includes different schools of thought. Some of the Islamic sects fall under the umbrella of Sunnism or Shiism. In terms of the phenomenon of Sunnism, the change of geography and time reveals different manifestations. The main reasons for this diversity are politics, society, intellectual accumulation and interlocutor relations. This research examines the projections of the Sunnism phenomenon in the founding period of the Mamluks. It focuses on the changes in this period in terms of the historical course of Sunnism. In the mentioned period, the phenomenon of Sunnism progresses in two lanes over the states policies towards Sunnism and the view formed within the framework of the scientific tradition of Sunni thought. The differences between the Mamluk rulers and their subjects, the Shiite threat and the effect of the Mongol Invasion have revealed the policies in which Sunnism is centered. Madrasahs were allocated to Sunni scholars. The Abbasid caliphate, which was destroyed by the Mongols, was re-established in Egypt. Four Sunni fiqh sects were given the title of chief judge at the same time. However, Sunnism is limited to four schools. The Sunni thought of the period was narrowed in terms of fiqh and hadith. The rich content of Sunni thought in the eastern regions remained in a limited framework in Egypt. Despite the policies of the Mamluks, the rivalry of the Sunni schools did not end. It is not possible to say that the Sunnism phenomenon in the foundation period of the Mamluks constituted a clear and clear whole.

 İslam düşünce geleneği, birbirinden farklı düşünce ekollerini barındıran bir yapıya sahiptir. İslam mezheplerinin bir kısmı Sünnîlik veya Şiîlik çatısı altında yer almaktadır. Sünnîlik olgusu açısından coğrafya ve zamanın değişimi farklı tezahürleri ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu çeşitliliğe yol açan sebeplerin başında siyaset, toplum, entelektüel birikim ve muhataplık ilişkileri gelmektedir. Bu araştırma, Sünnîlik olgusunun Memlüklerin kuruluş dönemindeki izdüşümlerini incelemektedir. Sünnîliğin tarihsel seyri açısından bu dönemdeki değişimlere odaklanmaktadır. Söz konusu dönemde Sünnîlik olgusu, devletin Sünnîliğe dönük politikaları ile Sünnî düşüncenin ilim geleneği çerçevesinde oluşan görünümü üzerinden iki kulvarda ilerlemektedir. Memlük yöneticileri ile tebaâ arasındaki farklılıklar, Şiî tehdidi ve Moğol İstilasının etkisi Sünnîliğin merkeze alındığı politikaları ortaya çıkarmıştır. Sünnî âlimlere medreseler tahsis edilmiştir. Moğolların yıktığı Abbâsî hilâfeti Mısırda tekrar tesis edilmiştir. Dört Sünnî fıkıh mezhebine aynı anda baş kadılık verilmiştir. Bununla birlikte Sünnîlik dört ekol üzerinden sınırlandırılmıştır. Dönemin Sünnî düşüncesi, fıkıh ve hadis merkezli olarak daralmıştır. Sünnî düşüncenin doğu bölgelerindeki zengin içeriği Mısırda sınırlı bir çerçevede kalmıştır. Memlüklerin politikalarına rağmen Sünnî ekollerin rekabeti bitmemiştir. Memlüklerin kuruluş dönemindeki Sünnîlik olgusunun berrak ve net bir bütünü oluşturduğunu söylemek pek mümkün değildir.

Article Details

THE SUNNISM PHENOMEON IN THE FOUNDATION PERİOD OF THE MAMLUKS

Authors:

Abdullah Ömer Yavuz

Publisher:

Erciyes University

Journal:

Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.75-90

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001286665

pISSN:

2757-7031

History of Islamic sects

Sunnism

Mamluks

Egypt

İslam mezhepleri tarihi

Sünnîlik

Memlükler

Mısır

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Abdullah Ömer Yavuz

Publisher: Erciyes University

Journal: Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.75-90

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 3/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001286665

pISSN: 2757-7031

Issues

Authors:

Abdullah Ömer Yavuz

Publisher:

Erciyes University

Journal:

Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.75-90

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001286665

pISSN:

2757-7031