Analysis of Energy Use Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Rainfed Canola Production (Case study: Çanakkale Province, Turkey)

Sakine Özpınar

Article Details

Analysis of Energy Use Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Rainfed Canola Production (Case study: Çanakkale Province, Turkey)

Authors:

Sakine Özpınar

Publisher:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Journal:

Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.20 Issue 1, pp.197-210

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

1/2023

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001281950

pISSN:

1302-7050

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Agriculture and energy are two closely related issues, agriculture not only consumes energy, but it also supplies energy. While increasing energy use in agriculture causes environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions, it also leads to the depletion of non-renewable energy resources. On the other hand, decreasing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancement the efficiency of energy use is among the important issues of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this study was done to determine the energy inputs and greenhouse gas emissions in rainfed canola production. Data were collected by conducting face-to-face interviews in the period of 2021-2022 in 42-farm in Çanakkale province, located in the northwest of Turkey. Results introduced that the energy use efficiency and net energy gain were 3.63 and 72786.16 MJ ha-1, respectively. In energy consumption, the highest rate of 46.62 belongs to fuel, and then nitrogen with 40.44. The consumption of total energy is obtained as direct 46.46, indirect 53.54, renewable 1.07 and non-renewable 98.93. It has been determined that the energy requirements of the farms belong to non-renewable energy with an amount of 27384.03 MJ ha-1, and this is especially prominent in diesel fuel and nitrogen fertilizer. The results show that the agricultural production in the area where the study is carried out mostly depends on non-renewable energy sources, whereas the use of renewable energy is very low. Total greenhouse gas emissions per hectare were equivalent to 1921.66 kg CO2, and the highest amount was determined to belong to machinery and diesel fuel, with 53.20 and 32.66, respectively. According to the results obtained in the farms where the study was carried out, it was revealed that the economic use and sustainability of energy can be strongly recommended in rainfed canola production using mechanization, especially considering the non-renewable energy inputs.

 Agriculture and energy are two closely related issues, agriculture not only consumes energy, but it also supplies energy. While increasing energy use in agriculture causes environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions, it also leads to the depletion of non-renewable energy resources. On the other hand, decreasing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancement the efficiency of energy use is among the important issues of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this study was done to determine the energy inputs and greenhouse gas emissions in rainfed canola production. Data were collected by conducting face-to-face interviews in the period of 2021-2022 in 42-farm in Çanakkale province, located in the northwest of Turkey. Results introduced that the energy use efficiency and net energy gain were 3.63 and 72786.16 MJ ha-1, respectively. In energy consumption, the highest rate of 46.62 belongs to fuel, and then nitrogen with 40.44. The consumption of total energy is obtained as direct 46.46, indirect 53.54, renewable 1.07 and non-renewable 98.93. It has been determined that the energy requirements of the farms belong to non-renewable energy with an amount of 27384.03 MJ ha-1, and this is especially prominent in diesel fuel and nitrogen fertilizer. The results show that the agricultural production in the area where the study is carried out mostly depends on non-renewable energy sources, whereas the use of renewable energy is very low. Total greenhouse gas emissions per hectare were equivalent to 1921.66 kg CO2, and the highest amount was determined to belong to machinery and diesel fuel, with 53.20 and 32.66, respectively. According to the results obtained in the farms where the study was carried out, it was revealed that the economic use and sustainability of energy can be strongly recommended in rainfed canola production using mechanization, especially considering the non-renewable energy inputs.

 Agriculture and energy are two closely related issues, agriculture not only consumes energy, but it also supplies energy. While increasing energy use in agriculture causes environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions, it also leads to the depletion of non-renewable energy resources. On the other hand, decreasing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancement the efficiency of energy use is among the important issues of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this study was done to determine the energy inputs and greenhouse gas emissions in rainfed canola production. Data were collected by conducting face-to-face interviews in the period of 2021-2022 in 42-farm in Çanakkale province, located in the northwest of Turkey. Results introduced that the energy use efficiency and net energy gain were 3.63 and 72786.16 MJ ha-1, respectively. In energy consumption, the highest rate of 46.62 belongs to fuel, and then nitrogen with 40.44. The consumption of total energy is obtained as direct 46.46, indirect 53.54, renewable 1.07 and non-renewable 98.93. It has been determined that the energy requirements of the farms belong to non-renewable energy with an amount of 27384.03 MJ ha-1, and this is especially prominent in diesel fuel and nitrogen fertilizer. The results show that the agricultural production in the area where the study is carried out mostly depends on non-renewable energy sources, whereas the use of renewable energy is very low. Total greenhouse gas emissions per hectare were equivalent to 1921.66 kg CO2, and the highest amount was determined to belong to machinery and diesel fuel, with 53.20 and 32.66, respectively. According to the results obtained in the farms where the study was carried out, it was revealed that the economic use and sustainability of energy can be strongly recommended in rainfed canola production using mechanization, especially considering the non-renewable energy inputs.

 Tarım ve enerji birbiriyle yakından ilişkili iki konu olup, tarım sadece enerji tüketmekle kalmıyor, aynı zamanda tarımsal üretim için gerekli enerji üretimini de sağlıyor. Tarımda enerji kullanımının artması, sera gazı emisyonları gibi çevresel sorunlara neden olurken, yenilenemeyen enerji kaynaklarının da tükenmesine yol açmaktadır. Öte yandan, sera gazı emisyonlarının azaltılması ve enerji kullanım verimliliğinin artırılması sürdürülebilir tarımın önemli konuları arasında yer alıyor. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma, kuru koşullarda kanola üretiminde enerji girdilerini ve sera gazı emisyonlarını belirlemek amacıyla ele alınmıştır. 2021-2022 üretim döneminde Türkiyenin kuzeybatısında yer alan Çanakkale ilinde bulunan 42 kanola üretimi yapan çiftlikte yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılarak gerekli olan veriler elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, enerji kullanım verimliliği ve net enerji kazancının sırasıyla 3.63 ve 72786.16 MJ ha-1 olduğunu göstermiştir. Enerji tüketiminde en yüksek oran 46.62 ile dizel yakıtına ait olup, onu 40.44 ile azotlu gübrenin izlediği saptanmıştır. Toplam enerji tüketimi doğrudan 46.46, dolaylı 53.54, yenilenebilir 1.07 ve yenilenemez 98.93 olarak elde edilmiştir. Kanola üretimi yapan çiftliklerin enerji ihtiyacının 27384.03 MJ ha-1 miktarı ile yenilenemeyen enerjiye ait olduğu ve bunun özellikle dizel yakıtı ve azotlu gübre ile öne çıktığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, çalışmanın yürütüldüğü alanda tarımsal üretimin büyük ölçüde yenilenemeyen enerji kaynaklarına bağlı olduğunu, yenilenebilir enerji kullanımının ise çok düşük düzeyde kaldığını göstermiştir. Hektar başına toplam sera gazı emisyonu 1921.66 kg CO2 eşdeğer olduğu, en yüksek miktarın sırasıyla 53.20 ve 32.66 ile makine ve dizele yakıtına ait olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmanın yürütüldüğü çiftliklerde elde edilen sonuçlara göre, özellikle yenilenemeyen enerji girdileri dikkate alındığında, mekanizasyon kullanılarak kuru koşullarda kanola üretiminde enerjinin ekonomik kullanımının ve sürdürülebilirliğinin tavsiye edilebileceği sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır.

Article Details

Analysis of Energy Use Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Rainfed Canola Production (Case study: Çanakkale Province, Turkey)

Authors:

Sakine Özpınar

Publisher:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Journal:

Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.20 Issue 1, pp.197-210

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

1/2023

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001281950

pISSN:

1302-7050

Energy use in agriculture

Input energy

Output energy

Carbon dioxide emission

Canola

Energy use in agriculture

Input energy

Output energy

Carbon dioxide emission

Canola

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Sakine Özpınar

Publisher: Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Journal: Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.20 Issue 1, pp.197-210

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 1/2023

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001281950

pISSN: 1302-7050

Issues

Authors:

Sakine Özpınar

Publisher:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Journal:

Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.20 Issue 1, pp.197-210

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

1/2023

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001281950

pISSN:

1302-7050