Scale Development and Validity Study for Smart City Applications

Berfin Göksoy Sevinçli

Article Details

Scale Development and Validity Study for Smart City Applications

Authors:

Berfin Göksoy Sevinçli

Publisher:

Ahmet FİDAN

Main Topics:

Kentsel Politika

Journal:

Kent Akademisi Vol.16 Issue 3, pp.1497-1524

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001290792

pISSN:

2146-9229

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Smart cities have started to become widespread with the development of todays technology. Smart cities are basically smart economy, smart environment, smart governance, smart transportation, smart people and smart life components. In the absence of one of the basic components, it is not possible to talk about smart cities. The successful implementation of smart cities also depends on the approaches of the city dwellers towards smart city applications. Studies on smart cities in the literature mainly reveal the applications of smart cities selected as samples. This study, on the other hand, aims to develop a social scale based on the approaches of urban residents towards smart city applications. A 5-point Likert-type questionnaire was obtained by creating an item pool for each of the smart city components factors. In the study, analyzes were made with the data obtained from a total of 844 people residing in the Çankaya district of Ankara, over the age of 18 and using a smart phone. Analysis findings: It has been shown that the scale is a measurement tool with 26 items and 6 factors with structural validity and reliability. It is expected that the number of items eliminated in scale development studies is nearly half of all items. As a result, it has been found that the scale of smart city applications is perfectly reliable, the smart transportation factor is very reliable, the smart human factor, smart life factor, smart economy factor, smart environment factor is good, and the smart governance factor is generally accepted as reliable measurement tools. According to the item analyzes made with the factors, it was seen that there was no need to exclude any item from the scale in terms of reliability and the item-total correlations were above 0.7. When the scale items were examined, it was understood that all of them had statistically significant coefficients and were of sufficient size.

 Smart cities have started to become widespread with the development of todays technology. Smart cities are basically smart economy, smart environment, smart governance, smart transportation, smart people and smart life components. In the absence of one of the basic components, it is not possible to talk about smart cities. The successful implementation of smart cities also depends on the approaches of the city dwellers towards smart city applications. Studies on smart cities in the literature mainly reveal the applications of smart cities selected as samples. This study, on the other hand, aims to develop a social scale based on the approaches of urban residents towards smart city applications. A 5-point Likert-type questionnaire was obtained by creating an item pool for each of the smart city components factors. In the study, analyzes were made with the data obtained from a total of 844 people residing in the Çankaya district of Ankara, over the age of 18 and using a smart phone. Analysis findings: It has been shown that the scale is a measurement tool with 26 items and 6 factors with structural validity and reliability. It is expected that the number of items eliminated in scale development studies is nearly half of all items. As a result, it has been found that the scale of smart city applications is perfectly reliable, the smart transportation factor is very reliable, the smart human factor, smart life factor, smart economy factor, smart environment factor is good, and the smart governance factor is generally accepted as reliable measurement tools. According to the item analyzes made with the factors, it was seen that there was no need to exclude any item from the scale in terms of reliability and the item-total correlations were above 0.7. When the scale items were examined, it was understood that all of them had statistically significant coefficients and were of sufficient size.

 Smart cities have started to become widespread with the development of todays technology. Smart cities are basically smart economy, smart environment, smart governance, smart transportation, smart people and smart life components. In the absence of one of the basic components, it is not possible to talk about smart cities. The successful implementation of smart cities also depends on the approaches of the city dwellers towards smart city applications. Studies on smart cities in the literature mainly reveal the applications of smart cities selected as samples. This study, on the other hand, aims to develop a social scale based on the approaches of urban residents towards smart city applications. A 5-point Likert-type questionnaire was obtained by creating an item pool for each of the smart city components factors. In the study, analyzes were made with the data obtained from a total of 844 people residing in the Çankaya district of Ankara, over the age of 18 and using a smart phone. Analysis findings: It has been shown that the scale is a measurement tool with 26 items and 6 factors with structural validity and reliability. It is expected that the number of items eliminated in scale development studies is nearly half of all items. As a result, it has been found that the scale of smart city applications is perfectly reliable, the smart transportation factor is very reliable, the smart human factor, smart life factor, smart economy factor, smart environment factor is good, and the smart governance factor is generally accepted as reliable measurement tools. According to the item analyzes made with the factors, it was seen that there was no need to exclude any item from the scale in terms of reliability and the item-total correlations were above 0.7. When the scale items were examined, it was understood that all of them had statistically significant coefficients and were of sufficient size.

 Akıllı kentler, günümüz teknolojisinin gelişmesiyle yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. Akıllı kentler temelde; akıllı ekonomi, akıllı çevre, akıllı yönetişim, akıllı ulaşım, akıllı insan ve akıllı yaşam bileşenlerinden oluşmaktadır. Temel bileşenlerden herhangi birinin eksikliği durumunda akıllı kentlerden bahsetmek mümkün olmamaktadır. Elbette akıllı kentlerin başarılı bir şekilde hayata geçirilmesi kent sakinlerinin akıllı kent uygulamalarına yönelik yaklaşımlarına da bağlıdır. Literatürde akıllı kentlere yönelik çalışmalar ağırlıklı olarak örneklem seçilen kentlerin akıllı kent uygulamalarının neler olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma ise, kent sakinlerinin akıllı kent uygulamalarına yönelik yaklaşımlarını temel alan toplumsal bir ölçek geliştirme amacındadır. Amaç doğrultusunda anket yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Akıllı kent bileşenlerinin faktör her biriyle ilgili madde havuzu oluşturularak 5li likert tipte anket elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada Ankara ili Çankaya ilçesinde ikamet eden, 18 yaşından büyük ve akıllı telefon kullanan toplam 844 kişiden elde edilen verilerle analizler yapılmıştır. Analiz bulguları doğrultusunda ölçeğin 26 madde ve 6 faktör ile yapısal geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik özelliklerine sahip bir ölçme aracı olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçek geliştirme çalışmaları için madde havuzundan elenen madde sayısının tüm maddelerin yarıya yakını olması beklenen bir durumdur. Sonuç olarak akıllı kent uygulamaları ölçeğinin mükemmel derecede güvenilir, akıllı ulaşım faktörünün çok iyi derecede güvenilir, akıllı insan faktörü, akıllı yaşam faktörü, akıllı ekonomi faktörü, akıllı çevre faktörünün iyi derecede, akıllı yönetişim faktörünün ise genel kabul gören düzeyde güvenilir ölçme araçları oldukları bulgulanmıştır. Faktörler bazında yapılan madde analizleri incelendiğinde ise güvenirlilik bakımından herhangi bir maddenin ölçek dışında bırakılmasına gerek olmadığı ve madde toplam korelasyonlarının 0.7nin üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçek maddeleri incelendiğinde tamamının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yol katsayılarına sahip ve yeterli büyüklükte maddeler olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

Article Details

Scale Development and Validity Study for Smart City Applications

Authors:

Berfin Göksoy Sevinçli

Publisher:

Ahmet FİDAN

Main Topics:

Kentsel Politika

Journal:

Kent Akademisi Vol.16 Issue 3, pp.1497-1524

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001290792

pISSN:

2146-9229

Smart City

Smart City Components

Smart City Application Scale

Validity

ReliabilityAkıllı Kent

Akıllı Kent Bileşenleri

Akıllı Kent Uygulama Ölçeği

Geçerlik

Güvenilirlik.

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Berfin Göksoy Sevinçli

Publisher: Ahmet FİDAN

Main Topics: Kentsel Politika

Journal: Kent Akademisi Vol.16 Issue 3, pp.1497-1524

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 9/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001290792

pISSN: 2146-9229

Issues

Authors:

Berfin Göksoy Sevinçli

Publisher:

Ahmet FİDAN

Main Topics:

Kentsel Politika

Journal:

Kent Akademisi Vol.16 Issue 3, pp.1497-1524

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

9/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001290792

pISSN:

2146-9229