Urban Air Mobility (UAM) in Türkiye: Evaluating Existing Aviation Laws and International Practices

Ayşenur Zeynep Özmen

Article Details

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) in Türkiye: Evaluating Existing Aviation Laws and International Practices

Authors:

Ayşenur Zeynep Özmen

Publisher:

Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics:

Hukuk (Diğer) | Uluslararası ve Karşılaştırmalı Hukuk (Diğer)

Journal:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 2, pp.1385-1419

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334694

pISSN:

2146-7129

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Urban Air Mobility UAM has emerged as a solution to transport challenges such as traffic congestion, environmental impacts, and lack of adequate public transport systems in urban areas. As the interest in UAM objects such as electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft eVTOL is increasing, it is important to understand whether the current regulations are sufficient to address the sui generis difficulties of this brand new technology. This article examines the adequacy of Türkiyes current legal framework to ensure the safe, effective, and sustainable integration of UAM. This article analyses Türkiyes existing aviation legislation, in particular the Turkish Civil Aviation Law and the instructions issued by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation DGCA and examines their applicability to UAM. The article discusses various regulatory gaps such as the lack of standards specifically designed for UAM, inadequate safety, environmental and operational regulations, and unclear guidelines on airspace integration. The article also discusses various UAM regulations prepared by the International Civil Aviation Organisation ICAO, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency EASA, and the approaches of pioneer countries in this area, such as the US, Germany, and Japan. Through a comparative analysis, it demonstrates the key lessons learnt from these international practices and presents suggestions for improving Türkiyes regulatory environment. The study emphasises the need for targeted reforms, introduction of specific standards, and a new regulative framework to foster the successful integration of UAM. The findings aim to contribute to the establishment of a solid legal framework to ensure that Türkiye is prepared for the future of UAM.

 Urban Air Mobility UAM has emerged as a solution to transport challenges such as traffic congestion, environmental impacts, and lack of adequate public transport systems in urban areas. As the interest in UAM objects such as electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft eVTOL is increasing, it is important to understand whether the current regulations are sufficient to address the sui generis difficulties of this brand new technology. This article examines the adequacy of Türkiyes current legal framework to ensure the safe, effective, and sustainable integration of UAM. This article analyses Türkiyes existing aviation legislation, in particular the Turkish Civil Aviation Law and the instructions issued by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation DGCA and examines their applicability to UAM. The article discusses various regulatory gaps such as the lack of standards specifically designed for UAM, inadequate safety, environmental and operational regulations, and unclear guidelines on airspace integration. The article also discusses various UAM regulations prepared by the International Civil Aviation Organisation ICAO, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency EASA, and the approaches of pioneer countries in this area, such as the US, Germany, and Japan. Through a comparative analysis, it demonstrates the key lessons learnt from these international practices and presents suggestions for improving Türkiyes regulatory environment. The study emphasises the need for targeted reforms, introduction of specific standards, and a new regulative framework to foster the successful integration of UAM. The findings aim to contribute to the establishment of a solid legal framework to ensure that Türkiye is prepared for the future of UAM.

 Urban Air Mobility UAM has emerged as a solution to transport challenges such as traffic congestion, environmental impacts, and lack of adequate public transport systems in urban areas. As the interest in UAM objects such as electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft eVTOL is increasing, it is important to understand whether the current regulations are sufficient to address the sui generis difficulties of this brand new technology. This article examines the adequacy of Türkiyes current legal framework to ensure the safe, effective, and sustainable integration of UAM. This article analyses Türkiyes existing aviation legislation, in particular the Turkish Civil Aviation Law and the instructions issued by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation DGCA and examines their applicability to UAM. The article discusses various regulatory gaps such as the lack of standards specifically designed for UAM, inadequate safety, environmental and operational regulations, and unclear guidelines on airspace integration. The article also discusses various UAM regulations prepared by the International Civil Aviation Organisation ICAO, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency EASA, and the approaches of pioneer countries in this area, such as the US, Germany, and Japan. Through a comparative analysis, it demonstrates the key lessons learnt from these international practices and presents suggestions for improving Türkiyes regulatory environment. The study emphasises the need for targeted reforms, introduction of specific standards, and a new regulative framework to foster the successful integration of UAM. The findings aim to contribute to the establishment of a solid legal framework to ensure that Türkiye is prepared for the future of UAM.

 Kentsel Hava Hareketliliği Urban Air Mobility-UAM, trafik sıkışıklığı, çevresel etkiler ve kalabalık şehirlerde yeterli toplu taşıma sistemlerinin bulunmaması gibi ulaşım sorunlarına bir çözüm olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Elektrikli dikey kalkış ve iniş yapan uçaklar eVTOL gibi UAM nesnelerine olan ilgi artarken, mevcut havacılık düzenlemelerinin bu yeni teknolojinin kendine has zorluklarını ele almak için yeterli olup olmadığını değerlendirmek önem taşımaktadır. Bu makale, Türkiyenin mevcut yasal çerçevesinin UAMnin güvenli, etkili ve sürdürülebilir entegrasyonunu desteklemek için yeterliliğini incelemektedir. Çalışma, başta Türk Sivil Havacılık Kanunu ve Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü SHGM tarafından yayınlanan talimatlar olmak üzere Türkiyenin mevcut havacılık mevzuatını analiz etmekte ve bunların UAM kavramıyla olan ilişkisini değerlendirmektedir. Çalışma, UAM için özel olarak hazırlanmış standartların eksikliği, yetersiz emniyet, çevre ve operasyonel düzenlemeler ve hava sahası entegrasyonuna ilişkin net olmayan yönergeler gibi çeşitli düzenleyici boşlukları tartışmaktadır. Makale ayrıca Uluslararası Sivil Havacılık Örgütü ICAO, Avrupa Birliği Havacılık Güvenliği Ajansı EASA tarafından hazırlanan çeşitli UAM standartlarını ve ABD, Almanya ve Japonya gibi öncü ülkelerin yaklaşımlarını incelemektedir. Karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yoluyla, bu uluslararası uygulamalardan çıkarılan temel dersler ele alınmakta ve Türkiyenin düzenleyici ortamının iyileştirilmesine yönelik tavsiyeler sunulmaktadır. Çalışma, UAMnin başarılı bir şekilde entegrasyonunu desteklemek için hedeflenen reformlara, belirli standartların getirilmesine ve yeni düzenlemelere duyulan ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır. Bulgular, Türkiyenin kentsel hava hareketliliğinin geleceğine hazırlıklı olmasını sağlamak için sağlam bir yasal çerçevenin oluşturulmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Article Details

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) in Türkiye: Evaluating Existing Aviation Laws and International Practices

Authors:

Ayşenur Zeynep Özmen

Publisher:

Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics:

Hukuk (Diğer) | Uluslararası ve Karşılaştırmalı Hukuk (Diğer)

Journal:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 2, pp.1385-1419

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334694

pISSN:

2146-7129

Urban Air Mobility

Turkish Civil Aviation Law

DGCA

ICAO

EASAKentsel Hava Hareketliliği

Türk Sivil Havacılık Kanunu

SHGM

ICAO

EASA

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Ayşenur Zeynep Özmen

Publisher: Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics: Hukuk (Diğer) | Uluslararası ve Karşılaştırmalı Hukuk (Diğer)

Journal: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 2, pp.1385-1419

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 12/2024

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001334694

pISSN: 2146-7129

Issues

Authors:

Ayşenur Zeynep Özmen

Publisher:

Süleyman Demirel University

Main Topics:

Hukuk (Diğer) | Uluslararası ve Karşılaştırmalı Hukuk (Diğer)

Journal:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 2, pp.1385-1419

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

12/2024

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334694

pISSN:

2146-7129