Abdal Ata And His Zaviya’s Relationship with the Administration and the Social Environment

Zekeriya Işık; Arif Kumaş

Article Details

Abdal Ata And His Zaviya’s Relationship with the Administration and the Social Environment

Authors:

Zekeriya Işık | Arif Kumaş

Publisher:

Hitit University

Main Topics:

Türk İslam Devletleri Tarihi

Journal:

Hitit Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.18 Issue Türkistan'dan Anadolu'ya İrfan Geleneği: Abdal Ata Özel Sayısı, pp.1-17

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001327233

pISSN:

2757-7449

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The Abdal Ata family is a Sûfî Turkmen family who probably came and settled in the YakacıkYanacık village, which is named after them today, in the middle of the 13th century at the earliest. Although the village in question turned into a Turkmen settlement over time, it is understood that it was a settlement during the Byzantine period, both from the materials used in the construction of the zawiya and from the ruins found in the vicinity. It is not known exactly when the Abdal Ata zawiya was built. However, it is certain that it was established before the foundation charter dated 822 1419-1420 for the zawiya. The fact that the zawiya began to be called Abdal Ata after a while strengthens the possibility that it was built during his time. Or his fame and influence among Sûfîs and communities must have surpassed his ancestors. Indeed, although there is not much information about his historical identity, the fact that he was attributed with the titles of kutbul-büdela, meaning kutup the greatest saint, the head of the saints, the spiritual ruler of the universe, etc. and büdelalık the presedent of the saints, which have deep Sûfî meanings, is an indication of this situation. Abdal Ata, his family and his lodge had a very influential and respected place in the eyes of state officials, influential Turkmen families, villagers and nomads. The zawiya remained under the presidency of this family throughout its history, was granted rich foundation incomes, extensive tax exemptions, and was affiliated with the Bektashi tradition in the early 19th century. This study was conducted to reveal the historical development of Abdal Ata, his family and his zawiya, their relations with the state administration and the social environment based on archive documents and period sources. The most important limitation of the study was the lack of sufficient information and findings in the periods resources regarding the zawiya.

 The Abdal Ata family is a Sûfî Turkmen family who probably came and settled in the YakacıkYanacık village, which is named after them today, in the middle of the 13th century at the earliest. Although the village in question turned into a Turkmen settlement over time, it is understood that it was a settlement during the Byzantine period, both from the materials used in the construction of the zawiya and from the ruins found in the vicinity. It is not known exactly when the Abdal Ata zawiya was built. However, it is certain that it was established before the foundation charter dated 822 1419-1420 for the zawiya. The fact that the zawiya began to be called Abdal Ata after a while strengthens the possibility that it was built during his time. Or his fame and influence among Sûfîs and communities must have surpassed his ancestors. Indeed, although there is not much information about his historical identity, the fact that he was attributed with the titles of kutbul-büdela, meaning kutup the greatest saint, the head of the saints, the spiritual ruler of the universe, etc. and büdelalık the presedent of the saints, which have deep Sûfî meanings, is an indication of this situation. Abdal Ata, his family and his lodge had a very influential and respected place in the eyes of state officials, influential Turkmen families, villagers and nomads. The zawiya remained under the presidency of this family throughout its history, was granted rich foundation incomes, extensive tax exemptions, and was affiliated with the Bektashi tradition in the early 19th century. This study was conducted to reveal the historical development of Abdal Ata, his family and his zawiya, their relations with the state administration and the social environment based on archive documents and period sources. The most important limitation of the study was the lack of sufficient information and findings in the periods resources regarding the zawiya.

 The Abdal Ata family is a Sûfî Turkmen family who probably came and settled in the YakacıkYanacık village, which is named after them today, in the middle of the 13th century at the earliest. Although the village in question turned into a Turkmen settlement over time, it is understood that it was a settlement during the Byzantine period, both from the materials used in the construction of the zawiya and from the ruins found in the vicinity. It is not known exactly when the Abdal Ata zawiya was built. However, it is certain that it was established before the foundation charter dated 822 1419-1420 for the zawiya. The fact that the zawiya began to be called Abdal Ata after a while strengthens the possibility that it was built during his time. Or his fame and influence among Sûfîs and communities must have surpassed his ancestors. Indeed, although there is not much information about his historical identity, the fact that he was attributed with the titles of kutbul-büdela, meaning kutup the greatest saint, the head of the saints, the spiritual ruler of the universe, etc. and büdelalık the presedent of the saints, which have deep Sûfî meanings, is an indication of this situation. Abdal Ata, his family and his lodge had a very influential and respected place in the eyes of state officials, influential Turkmen families, villagers and nomads. The zawiya remained under the presidency of this family throughout its history, was granted rich foundation incomes, extensive tax exemptions, and was affiliated with the Bektashi tradition in the early 19th century. This study was conducted to reveal the historical development of Abdal Ata, his family and his zawiya, their relations with the state administration and the social environment based on archive documents and period sources. The most important limitation of the study was the lack of sufficient information and findings in the periods resources regarding the zawiya.

 Abdal Ata ailesi muhtemelen en erken XIII. yüzyıl ortalarında, bugün onun ismiyle anılan YakacıkYanacık köyüne gelerek yerleşmiş sûfî bir Türkmen ailesidir. Söz konusu köy zamanla bir Türkmen yerleşkesine dönüşmüş olmakla birlikte Bizans döneminde de bir yerleşim yeri olduğu hem zaviyenin inşaatında kullanılan bu döneme ait malzemeden hem de civarda bulunan kalıntılardan anlaşılmaktadır. Abdal Ata Zaviyesinin ne zaman inşa edildiği kesin olarak bilinmemektedir. Ancak zaviye için ihdas edilen 822 M. 1419-1420 tarihli vakfiyeden önce kurulduğu kesindir. Zaviyenin bir süre sonra Abdal Ata ismiyle anılmaya başlanması burasının onun zamanında yaptırılmış olma ihtimalini güçlendirmektedir. Ya da onun sûfîler ve topluluklar nezdindeki şöhreti ve etkisi atalarını aşmış olmalıdır. Nitekim tarihi kimliği hakkında pek bilgi bulunmasa da, ona tasavvufi olarak derin manalar yüklenen kutbul-büdela yani kutupluk en büyük veli, velilerin başı, âlemin manevi yöneticisi vb. ve büdelalık abdalların piri sıfatlarının atfedilmiş olması da bu durumun bir göstergesidir. Abdal Ata, ailesi ve zaviyesi devlet erkânı, nüfuzlu Türkmen aileleri, köylüler ve göçerler nezdinde son derece etkin ve saygın bir yere sahip olmuştur. Zaviye, tarihi boyunca bu ailenin riyasetinde kalmış, zengin vakıf gelirlerine ve kapsamlı vergi muafiyetlerine mazhar olmuş, XIX. yüzyıl başlarında da Bektaşi geleneğe bağlanmıştır. Bu çalışma Abdal Ata, ailesi ve zaviyesinin tarihsel gelişimi, devlet yönetimi ve sosyal çevreyle olan münasebetlerini arşiv vesikalarına ve dönemin kaynaklarına dayanarak ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın en önemli sınırlılığı, zaviye ile ilgili dönemin kaynaklarında yeterli düzeyde bilgi ve bulgunun yer almaması olmuştur.

Article Details

Abdal Ata And His Zaviya’s Relationship with the Administration and the Social Environment

Authors:

Zekeriya Işık | Arif Kumaş

Publisher:

Hitit University

Main Topics:

Türk İslam Devletleri Tarihi

Journal:

Hitit Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.18 Issue Türkistan'dan Anadolu'ya İrfan Geleneği: Abdal Ata Özel Sayısı, pp.1-17

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001327233

pISSN:

2757-7449

Ottoman

sufı

order

lodge

zawiya

ÇorumOsmanlı

sûfî

tarikat

tekke

zaviye

Çorum

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Zekeriya Işık | Arif Kumaş

Publisher: Hitit University

Main Topics: Türk İslam Devletleri Tarihi

Journal: Hitit Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.18 Issue Türkistan'dan Anadolu'ya İrfan Geleneği: Abdal Ata Özel Sayısı, pp.1-17

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 3/2025

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001327233

pISSN: 2757-7449

Issues

Authors:

Zekeriya Işık | Arif Kumaş

Publisher:

Hitit University

Main Topics:

Türk İslam Devletleri Tarihi

Journal:

Hitit Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.18 Issue Türkistan'dan Anadolu'ya İrfan Geleneği: Abdal Ata Özel Sayısı, pp.1-17

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

3/2025

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001327233

pISSN:

2757-7449