An Evaluation on the Provisions Regarding the End of the Engagement and the Consequences in the Law of 1917 Family Declaration

Gözde Çağlayan Aygün

Article Details

An Evaluation on the Provisions Regarding the End of the Engagement and the Consequences in the Law of 1917 Family Declaration

Authors:

Gözde Çağlayan Aygün

Publisher:

Anadolu University

Main Topics:

Hukuk

Journal:

Anadolu Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.39-56

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

1/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001283316

pISSN:

2687-394X

Keywords:

Abstract:

 The 1917 Family Law Decree is an important codification movement in terms of both Ottoman law and Islamic law. In Ottoman law, the Family Law Decree of 1917 is of great importance as it is the first legal regulation that governs engagement as an institution. It is stated in the decree that a marriage contract will not occur by getting engaged. Engagement is a legal relationship that the parties can terminate at any time. In addition, in the event of the death of one of the betrothed, it is accepted that the engagement ends automatically. There are regulations regarding the gifts given by the parties to each other and the status of the things given as a deduction for the mahr in case the engagement is broken. The decree did not explicitly or implicitly make any provision regarding the right to compensation. Because the engagement is not accepted as a contract in Islamic law, it was not considered appropriate to demand compensation due to the breaking of the engagement. Looking at todays law, it is understood that the provisions on engagement are in general parallel with the Decree. In this respect, it is important for the study to draw a conclusion by making a general comparison of the reasons for the termination of the engagement regulated in the Turkish Civil Code and the results.

 The 1917 Family Law Decree is an important codification movement in terms of both Ottoman law and Islamic law. In Ottoman law, the Family Law Decree of 1917 is of great importance as it is the first legal regulation that governs engagement as an institution. It is stated in the decree that a marriage contract will not occur by getting engaged. Engagement is a legal relationship that the parties can terminate at any time. In addition, in the event of the death of one of the betrothed, it is accepted that the engagement ends automatically. There are regulations regarding the gifts given by the parties to each other and the status of the things given as a deduction for the mahr in case the engagement is broken. The decree did not explicitly or implicitly make any provision regarding the right to compensation. Because the engagement is not accepted as a contract in Islamic law, it was not considered appropriate to demand compensation due to the breaking of the engagement. Looking at todays law, it is understood that the provisions on engagement are in general parallel with the Decree. In this respect, it is important for the study to draw a conclusion by making a general comparison of the reasons for the termination of the engagement regulated in the Turkish Civil Code and the results.

 The 1917 Family Law Decree is an important codification movement in terms of both Ottoman law and Islamic law. In Ottoman law, the Family Law Decree of 1917 is of great importance as it is the first legal regulation that governs engagement as an institution. It is stated in the decree that a marriage contract will not occur by getting engaged. Engagement is a legal relationship that the parties can terminate at any time. In addition, in the event of the death of one of the betrothed, it is accepted that the engagement ends automatically. There are regulations regarding the gifts given by the parties to each other and the status of the things given as a deduction for the mahr in case the engagement is broken. The decree did not explicitly or implicitly make any provision regarding the right to compensation. Because the engagement is not accepted as a contract in Islamic law, it was not considered appropriate to demand compensation due to the breaking of the engagement. Looking at todays law, it is understood that the provisions on engagement are in general parallel with the Decree. In this respect, it is important for the study to draw a conclusion by making a general comparison of the reasons for the termination of the engagement regulated in the Turkish Civil Code and the results.

 1917 Tarihli Hukuk-ı Aile Kararnamesi gerek Osmanlı hukuku gerekse İslam hukuku bakımından önemli bir kanunlaştırma hareketidir. Osmanlı hukukunda 1917 Tarihli Hukuk-ı Aile Kararnamesi ilk kez nişanlanmayı bir kurum olarak hüküm altına alan yasal düzenleme olması dolayısıyla büyük önem taşımaktadır. Kararnamede nişanlanmakla nikâh akdinin meydana gelmeyeceği ifade edilmektedir. Nişan, tarafların istediği zaman sonlandırabileceği bir hukuki ilişkidir. Bunun dışında nişanlılardan birinin ölümü hâlinde de nişanın kendiliğinden sona erdiği kabul edilmektedir. Nişanın bozulması durumunda tarafların birbirine vermiş olduğu hediyelerle, mehre mahsuben verilen şeylerin durumunun ne olacağı ile ilgili düzenlemeler yer almaktadır. Kararname açıkça veya zımnen tazminat hakkı ile ilgili düzenleme yapmamıştır. Çünkü İslam hukukunda nişanlanma bir sözleşme olarak kabul edilmediğinden nişanın bozulması dolayısıyla tazminat istenmesi de uygun görülmemiştir. Günümüz hukukuna bakıldığında nişanlanmaya ilişkin hükümlerin Kararname ile genel anlamda paralellik gösterdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu bakımdan da Türk Medeni Kanununda düzenlenen nişanlanmanın sona ermesi sebeplerinin ve ortaya çıkan sonuçların genel bir karşılaştırma yapılarak bir tespitte bulunulması çalışma açısından önem taşımaktadır.

Article Details

An Evaluation on the Provisions Regarding the End of the Engagement and the Consequences in the Law of 1917 Family Declaration

Authors:

Gözde Çağlayan Aygün

Publisher:

Anadolu University

Main Topics:

Hukuk

Journal:

Anadolu Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.39-56

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

1/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001283316

pISSN:

2687-394X

Engagement

Marriage Contract

Break of Engagement

Mahr

Compensation

Nişanlanma

Nikâh Akdi

Nişanın Bozulması

Mehir

Tazminat

Issues

Article Details

Authors: Gözde Çağlayan Aygün

Publisher: Anadolu University

Main Topics: Hukuk

Journal: Anadolu Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.39-56

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 1/2023

Document Language: Turkish

Document ID (Org No.): 2001283316

pISSN: 2687-394X

Issues

Authors:

Gözde Çağlayan Aygün

Publisher:

Anadolu University

Main Topics:

Hukuk

Journal:

Anadolu Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.39-56

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

1/2023

Document Language:

Turkish

Document ID (Org No.):

2001283316

pISSN:

2687-394X