Clinicobiological and immunological characteristics of monoclonal gammopathies associated with autoimmune diseasesa retrospective single-center analysis of 162 cases

بلعلى مليسة; مراح فاطمة; جيجيك رضا

Article Details

Clinicobiological and immunological characteristics of monoclonal gammopathies associated with autoimmune diseasesa retrospective single-center analysis of 162 cases

Authors:

بلعلى مليسة | مراح فاطمة | جيجيك رضا

Publisher:

Université Benyoucef Benkhedda d'Alger

Journal:

REVUE ALGERIENNE D’ALLERGOLOGIE Vol.10 Issue 2, pp.66-76

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

1/2026

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001544527

pISSN:

2710-8317

Keywords:

Abstract:

 Monoclonal gammopathies are common in elderly individuals, but their association with autoimmune
diseases (AID) remains poorly characterized. This study aims to describe the clinical, immunological,
and prognostic features of patients with monoclonal gammopathy associated with an AID, and to
compare them with the general population of gammopathies followed in our department.
This is a single-center retrospective study including 162 patients with both monoclonal gammopathy
(MGUS or multiple myeloma – MM) and an AID, between 2015 and 2025. Data were compared with
5,020 cases of gammopathies recorded during the same period in our department. Demographic
characteristics, types of AID, isotypes, monoclonal component (MC) concentration, and prognostic
scores (Mayo Clinic, ISS-R) were analyzed.
MGUS accounted for 73.45% of cases. The mean age at diagnosis was 54.75 years, lower than that of
isolated gammopathies (63–65 years). A marked female predominance (69.75%) was observed. The
most frequent AIDs were rheumatoid arthritis (30.86%), Sjögren’s syndrome (11.11%), and systemic
lupus erythematosus (7.4%). The predominant isotype was IgG Kappa (37.65%), with a moderate
mean MC concentration (4.12 g/L). Prognostic scores classified most MGUS cases as low risk of
progression. Transient or fluctuating monoclonal spikes were more frequent than in isolated
gammopathies.
Monoclonal gammopathies associated with AID show a distinct epidemiological and immunological
profile, with earlier diagnosis, female predominance, and overall moderate MC levels. Although
prognostic data are reassuring, the autoimmune context requires long-term follow-up, due to a
potentially modulated but still poorly defined risk of progression.

Article Details

Clinicobiological and immunological characteristics of monoclonal gammopathies associated with autoimmune diseasesa retrospective single-center analysis of 162 cases

Authors:

بلعلى مليسة | مراح فاطمة | جيجيك رضا

Publisher:

Université Benyoucef Benkhedda d'Alger

Journal:

REVUE ALGERIENNE D’ALLERGOLOGIE Vol.10 Issue 2, pp.66-76

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

1/2026

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001544527

pISSN:

2710-8317

Monoclonal gammopathy MGUS, multiple myeloma

Autoimmune diseases AID

Rheumatoid arthritis

Sjögren’s syndrome

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Immunological profile

Clinical features

Prognostic scores Mayo Clinic, ISS-R

Issues

Article Details

Authors: بلعلى مليسة | مراح فاطمة | جيجيك رضا

Publisher: Université Benyoucef Benkhedda d'Alger

Journal: REVUE ALGERIENNE D’ALLERGOLOGIE Vol.10 Issue 2, pp.66-76

Document Type: Article

Publication Date: 1/2026

Document Language: English

Document ID (Org No.): 2001544527

pISSN: 2710-8317

Issues

Authors:

بلعلى مليسة | مراح فاطمة | جيجيك رضا

Publisher:

Université Benyoucef Benkhedda d'Alger

Journal:

REVUE ALGERIENNE D’ALLERGOLOGIE Vol.10 Issue 2, pp.66-76

Document Type:

Article

Publication Date:

1/2026

Document Language:

English

Document ID (Org No.):

2001544527

pISSN:

2710-8317